Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH-.

Noun

*golvà f [1][2]

head
(dialectal, West and East Slavic) murder, killed person

Inflection

Declension of *golvà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*golvà	*gȏlvě	*gȏlvy
Accusative	*gȏlvǫ	*gȏlvě	*gȏlvy
Genitive	*golvý	*golvù	*gõlvъ
Locative	*gȏlvě	*golvù	golvàsъ, golvàxъ^*
Dative	*golvě̀	*golvàma	*golvàmъ
Instrumental	*golvojǫ́	*golvàma	*golvàmi
Vocative	*golvo	*gȏlvě	*gȏlvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms

*golvьnъ (adj.)
- *golvьnikъ (“householder, leader, (dialectal) killer”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: голова (golova, “head, killed person”)
  - Belarusian: галава́ (halavá)
  - Russian: голова́ (golová)
  - Rusyn: го́лова (hólova)
  - Ukrainian: голова́ (holová)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: глава (glava), ⰳⰾⰰⰲⰰ (glava)
  - → Russian: глава́ (glavá)
- Bulgarian: глава́ (glavá)
- Macedonian: гла́ва (gláva)
- Serbo-Croatian: гла́ва, gláva
- Slovene: gláva (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hlava (“head, murder, punishment for murder”)
  - Czech: hlava
- Kashubian: głowa
- Polabian: glåvă
- Polish: głowa
- Slovak: hlava
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: hłowa
  - Lower Sorbian: głowa

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*golvà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176: “f. ā (c) ‘head’”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “golva golvy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c head (NA 134, 140, 143; SA 24, 27, 30f., 33, 84, 172, 243; PR 135, 138; MP 20)”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*golvà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176: “f. ā (c) ‘head’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “golva golvy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c head (NA 134, 140, 143; SA 24, 27, 30f., 33, 84, 172, 243; PR 135, 138; MP 20)”