< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьca

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *-ьka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikaʔ, from Proto-Indo-European -i-keh₂.

Suffix

*-ьca f

  1. Denominal, forms diminutives.
    *myšь (“mouse”) → *myšьca (“a small mouse; muscle”)
    *vьrvь (“rope”) → *vьrvьca (“cord, string”)
  2. Deverbal (from the stem), forms agent nouns.
    *ubiti (“to kill”) → *ubьjьca (“killer”)
    *ědti > *ěsti (“to eat”) → *ědьca (“eater”)
  3. Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from.
    *ovьca (“sheep”)

Declension
Declension of *-ьca (soft a-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *-ьca *-ьci *-ьcę̇
Accusative *-ьcǫ *-ьci *-ьcę̇
Genitive *-ьcę̇ *-ьcu *-ьcь
Locative *-ьci *-ьcu *-ьcasъ, *-ьcaxъ*
Dative *-ьci *-ьcama *-ьcamъ
Instrumental *-ьcejǫ, *-ьcǫ** *-ьcama *-ьcami
Vocative *-ьce *-ьci *-ьcę̇
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-%D1%8Cca' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ьca'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ьca</a>

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: -ьца (-ĭca)
      • Belarusian: -ца (-ca)
      • Russian: -ца (-ca)
      • Ukrainian: -ця́ (-cjá)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: -ьца (-ĭca)
      Glagolitic: -ⱐⱌⰰ (-ĭca)
    • Bulgarian: -ца́ (-cá)
    • Macedonian: -ца (-ca)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: -ца
      Latin: -ca
    • Slovene: -ca
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: -ca
    • Polish: -ca
    • Slovak: -ca
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: -ca
      • Upper Sorbian: -ca

Further reading
  • Šekli, Matej (2012), “Besedotvorni pomeni samostalniških izpeljank v praslovanščini”, in Philological Studies‎ (in Slovene), volume 10, issue 1, Skopje, Perm, Ljubljana, Zagreb, pages 115–32
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