< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dʰrúkš
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
Leveled from earlier *dʰráwkš ~ *dʰruǰʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”) + *-s.[1]
Inflection
consonant stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *dʰrúkš | *dʰrúkš | *dʰrúkš |
vocative | *dʰrúǰʰ | *dʰrúkš | *dʰrúkš |
accusative | *dʰrúǰʰam | *dʰrúkš | *dʰrúkš |
instrumental | *dʰrúǰʰaH | *dʰrúgbʰyaH | *dʰrúgbʰiš |
ablative | *dʰrúǰʰas | *dʰrúgbʰyaH | *dʰrúgbʰyaH |
dative | *dʰrúǰʰay | *dʰrúgbʰyaH | *dʰrúgbʰyaH |
genitive | *dʰrúǰʰas | *dʰrúǰʰawš | *dʰrúǰʰām |
locative | *dʰrúǰʰi | *dʰrúǰʰawš | *dʰrúkšu |
Descendants
- Indo-Aryan: *dʰrúkṣ ~ *druźʰás
- Iranian: *drúxš ~ *druǰáh
- Old Avestan: 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬑𐬱 (druxš, nom.sg), 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘𐬋 (drujō, gen.abl.sg)
- Younger Avestan: 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬑𐬱 (druxš, nom.sg), 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘𐬆𐬨 (drujəm, acc.sg), 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘𐬋 (drujō, gen.abl.sg; nom.pl), 𐬀𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬲𐬄𐬨 (adružąm, gen.pl)[3]
- Old Avestan: 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬑𐬱 (druxš, nom.sg), 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘𐬋 (drujō, gen.abl.sg)
References
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “drogh”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- Monier Williams (1899), “Proto-Indo-Iranian/dʰrúkš”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 502.
- Martínez García, Javier; de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1), Brill, →ISBN, page 47
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