< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/médʰyos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps from *me-dʰi- (“with, among”), from *me (“with”).

Adjective

*médʰyos (non-ablauting)

  1. middle

Inflection
Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *médʰyos *médʰyeh₂
genitive *médʰyosyo *médʰyeh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *médʰyos *médʰyoh₁ *médʰyoes
vocative *médʰye *médʰyoh₁ *médʰyoes
accusative *médʰyom *médʰyoh₁ *médʰyoms
genitive *médʰyosyo *? *médʰyooHom
ablative *médʰyead *? *médʰyomos
dative *médʰyoey *? *médʰyomos
locative *médʰyey, *médʰyoy *? *médʰyoysu
instrumental *médʰyoh₁ *? *médʰyōys
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *médʰyeh₂ *médʰyeh₂h₁(e) *médʰyeh₂es
vocative *médʰyeh₂ *médʰyeh₂h₁(e) *médʰyeh₂es
accusative *médʰyām *médʰyeh₂h₁(e) *médʰyeh₂m̥s
genitive *médʰyeh₂s *? *médʰyeh₂oHom
ablative *médʰyeh₂s *? *médʰyeh₂mos
dative *médʰyeh₂ey *? *médʰyeh₂mos
locative *médʰyeh₂, *médʰyeh₂i *? *médʰyeh₂su
instrumental *médʰyeh₂h₁ *? *médʰyeh₂bʰi
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *médʰyom *médʰyoy(h₁) *médʰyeh₂
vocative *médʰyom *médʰyoy(h₁) *médʰyeh₂
accusative *médʰyom *médʰyoy(h₁) *médʰyeh₂
genitive *médʰyosyo *? *médʰyooHom
ablative *médʰyead *? *médʰyomos
dative *médʰyoey *? *médʰyomos
locative *médʰyey, *médʰyoy *? *médʰyoysu
instrumental *médʰyoh₁ *? *médʰyōys

Descendants
  • Albanian: *medži-
  • Armenian: *meiǰ- < *meidio-
  • Balto-Slavic: *medjas
    • Lithuanian: mẽdis (“tree, wood”)
    • Latvian: mežs (“forest”)
    • Old Prussian: median
    • Slavic: *meďa, *meďu (from dual loc.) (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *medyos (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *midjaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: *métsos (see there for further descendants)
  • Illyrian: *metu
  • Indo-Iranian: *mádʰyas (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *meðios (see there for further descendants)

Further reading
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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