< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éwh₂os

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions
  • *h₂éwh₂s ~ *h₂uh₂ós[1]

Reconstruction

On the basis of the geminate "ḫ" in Hittite "ḫuḫḫa-", Kloekhorst concludes that it cannot reflect a diphthong, since it's contradicted by Eichner's lenition law. Therefore he argues that an athematic ablauting paradigm should be reconstructed instead.

Noun

*h₂éwh₂os m (non-ablauting) [2]

  1. maternal grandfather
  2. maternal uncle

Inflection
Thematic
singular
nominative *h₂éwh₂os
genitive *h₂éwh₂osyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₂éwh₂os *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oes
vocative *h₂éwh₂e *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oes
accusative *h₂éwh₂om *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oms
genitive *h₂éwh₂osyo *? *h₂éwh₂ooHom
ablative *h₂éwh₂ead *? *h₂éwh₂omos
dative *h₂éwh₂oey *? *h₂éwh₂omos
locative *h₂éwh₂ey, *h₂éwh₂oy *? *h₂éwh₂oysu
instrumental *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *? *h₂éwh₂ōys

Descendants
  • Anatolian:
  • Armenian:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: avynas
    • Old Prussian: awis
    • Slavic: *ujь (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *auyos
  • Celtic: *awontīr
    • Brythonic:
      • Breton: eontr
      • Old Cornish: euitor
        • Middle Cornish: eviter
          • Cornish: ewnter
      • Middle Welsh: ewythyr
    • Old Irish amnair
  • Celtic: *altrawū (“foster uncle”)
    • Brythonic: [Term?]
      • Breton: aotroù (“lord”)
      • Cornish: alltrow (“stepfather”)
      • Welsh: athro (“teacher”)
    • Middle Irish: altra (“foster father”)
  • ⇒ Germanic: *awô (“grandfather”) (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Germanic: *awǭ (“grandmother”)
  • Italic: *awos (“grandfather”), *awā (“grandmother”)
    • Latin: avus (see there for further descendants)
  • Tocharian:

References
  1. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 411
  2. Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press
  3. Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 49-50
  4. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “āwe”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 61
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