< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁el-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₁el- [1]

  1. greyish or brownish coloration
  2. deer, elk
    → elephant
  3. various tree species with bright bark, e.g. alder, elm, fir

Derived terms
  • *h₁él-h₁ēn[1] or *h₁él-h₁en-i[2][3]
    • Armenian: [Term?]
    • Balto-Slavic: *elenios
      • Latvian: alnis (“elk, moose”)
      • Lithuanian: élnias (“deer”)
      • Slavic: *ely (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₁ól-h₁n-ih₂ ~ *h₁él-h₁n-ih₂[1][4][5][6]
    • Balto-Slavic: *olˀnīˀ
      • Lithuanian: élnė
      • Old Prussian: alne
      • Slavic: *òlni (see there for further descendants)
    • Celtic: *elanī (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₁él-h₁n-t-ih₂[1][4]
    • Celtic: *elantī (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₁él-n̥[7]
    • Tocharian: *yälä
      • Tocharian A: yäl
      • Tocharian B: yal
  • *h₁él-n̥-bʰo-s[1][8]
  • *h₁el-nó-s[1][8]
  • *h₁ól-ḱ-is ~ h₁él-ḱ-is[9][10]
    • Germanic: *algiz, *elhaz (see there for further descendants)
    • Balto-Slavic: *alśis
      • Slavic: *ȏlsь (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₁ĺ̥-ḱ-yos

References
  1. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “ełn”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 253
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*elen̦ь, *elennь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 140
  3. Derksen, Rick (2015), “elnias”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 153
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “elan(t)ī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 115
  5. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*òlni”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 368-369
  6. Derksen, Rick (2015), “elnė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 153
  7. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “yal”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 523
  8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἔλαφος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 402-403
  9. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*algi- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 21
  10. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ȏlsь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 370
  11. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “ŕ̥śya-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  12. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*algi- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 21
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