Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ed-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₁ed- (imperfective) [1]

to eat

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*h%E2%82%81ed-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *h₁ed-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *h₁ed-</a>

*h₁éd-
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian *eda[2]
    - Albanian: ha (“I eat”) (preservation of the laryngeal)
*h₁éd-ti ~ *h₁d-énti (athematic root present)
*h₁od-éye-ti (causative)
- Germanic: *atjaną (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hādáyati
  - Indo-Aryan: *Hādáyati
    - Sanskrit: आदयति (ādáyati)
*h₁ōd-e/o- (a lengthened grade of disputed origin)[3]
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: ուտեմ (utem)
    - Armenian: ուտել (utel)
*h₁ēd-so-
- Germanic: *ēsaz (“food, carrion, bait”)
- Tocharian:
  - Tocharian A: yats (“skin”)
  - Tocharian B: yetse (“skin”)
*h₂eyeri-h₁d-to-
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἄριστον (áriston)
*h₁éd-nos (“eaten”)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hádnas
  - Indo-Aryan: *Hánnas
    - Sanskrit: अन्न (ánna)
Unsorted formations:
- Anatolian:
  - Luwian: 𒀀𒁺𒈾 (aduna)
- Germanic: *etunaz (see there for further descendants)

References

Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press
A Concise Historical Grammar of the Albanian Language, V. Orel, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden 2000
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 644

Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

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[Ringe_2006-1] Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press

[2] A Concise Historical Grammar of the Albanian Language, V. Orel, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden 2000

[3] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 644