Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rakō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, direct”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrɑ.kɔː/

Noun

*rakō f

direction, course, path, track

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *rakō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*rakō	*rakôz
vocative	*rakō	*rakôz
accusative	*rakǭ	*rakōz
genitive	*rakōz	*rakǫ̂
dative	*rakōi	*rakōmaz
instrumental	*rakō	*rakōmiz

Derived terms

*rakōną

Related terms

*rakaz

Descendants

Old English: racu
- Middle English: rake; raike, rayke (through confluence with Old Norse reik)
  - Scots: rak, rack, raik
  - English: rake, rack (path, track, furrow)

Etymology 2

From *rakaz (“straight, direct”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, direct”).

Noun

*rakō f

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *rakō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*rakō	*rakôz
vocative	*rakō	*rakôz
accusative	*rakǭ	*rakōz
genitive	*rakōz	*rakǫ̂
dative	*rakōi	*rakōmaz
instrumental	*rakō	*rakōmiz

Related terms

*rakaz
*rakjaną

Descendants

Old English: racu; reahtiġan
- Middle English: rake
  - English: rake
Old Saxon: raka
Old High German: rahha, racha
- Middle High German: rache
Old Norse: rǫk
- Icelandic: rök
Gothic: *𐍂𐌰𐌺- (*rak-) (uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names)

Etymology 3

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, direct”).

Noun

*rakō f

rake (implement)

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *rakō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*rakō	*rakôz
vocative	*rakō	*rakôz
accusative	*rakǭ	*rakōz
genitive	*rakōz	*rakǫ̂
dative	*rakōi	*rakōmaz
instrumental	*rakō	*rakōmiz

Descendants

Old English: racu; (raca; ræce)
- Middle English: rake
  - Scots: rak
  - English: rake
Old Saxon: raka, reka (possibly through interference with *rekô)
- Middle Low German: rāke
  - German Low German: Raak
  - Low German: raak
Old Dutch: *raka
- Middle Dutch: rāke
  - Dutch: rake, raak; > rakelen; > rakel
Old Norse: raka; reka (possibly through interference with *rekô)
- Swedish: raka, räka (dialectal)
- Danish: rage

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