< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bardō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin; possibly from *bardaz (“edge, brim; beard”)[1], from earlier *barzdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰórsdʰ-o-s[2], from *bʰers- (“tip, edge”) +‎ *-dʰh₁eti (compare Sanskrit भृस्ति (bhṛstí, “tip, edge”)).[3] Alternatively perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰórHdʰ-o-s, from *bʰerHdʰ-, from *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce; to work with sharp tools”) +‎ *-dʰh₁eti.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbar.ðoː/

Noun

*bardō f [1]

  1. axe

Inflection
ō-stemDeclension of *bardō (ō-stem)
singular plural
nominative *bardō *bardôz
vocative *bardō *bardôz
accusative *bardǭ *bardōz
genitive *bardōz *bardǫ̂
dative *bardōi *bardōmaz
instrumental *bardō *bardōmiz

Descendants
  • Old High German: barta
  • Old Norse: barða
    • Icelandic: barða (archaic)
  • → Slavic: *bordy (“axe”) (possibly[4])

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*ƀarđōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 36
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*barzda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 86
  3. Guus Kroonen. The Proto-Germanic N-Stems: A Study in Diachronic Morphophonology. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2011
  4. Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bordy”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 02, Moscow: Nauka, page 201
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