< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/viha

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology 1

From earlier *wiša, borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwiša- (“hate”). Possibly already from Proto-Finno-Permic, compare Udmurt вож (vož, “hate”), Komi веж (vež, “envy”).

Noun

*viha

  1. hate, anger
  2. rage
  3. agression
Inflection
Inflection of *viha
singular plural
nominative *viha *vihat
accusative *vihan *vihat
genitive *vihan *vihaden
*vihoiden
partitive *vihada *vihoida
inessive *vihassa *vihoissa
elative *vihasta *vihoista
illative *vihahen *vihoihen
adessive *vihalla *vihoilla
ablative *vihalta *vihoilta
allative *vihalek *vihoilek
essive *vihana *vihoina
translative *vihaksi *vihoiksi
instructive *vihan *vihoin
comitative *vihanek *vihoinek
abessive *vihakta *vihoikta
Derived terms
  • *vihainen
  • ? *vihakka
  • *vihat'ak
Descendants

From *wiša:

Etymology 2

From earlier *wiša, borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wišás (“poison, bile”), from Proto-Indo-European *wisós. Compare Sanskrit विष (viṣa). For the meaning "greenness", compare also Erzya ожо (ožo, “yellow”), Eastern Mari ужар (užar, “green”).

Noun

*viha

  1. poison
    Synonym: *mürkkü
  2. greenness
Derived terms
Descendants

References
  • viha in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
  • Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija (editors). 1992–2000. Suomen sanojen alkuperä ('The Origin of Finnish Words'). Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus/Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. →ISBN.
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