-янка

• -а́нка (-ánka) (after a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) or ц)

Originally from -ка (-ka) added to adjectives ending in -яный (-janyj) or -яно́й (-janój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

• IPA^(key): [ˈʲankə]

-я́нка • (-jánka) f inan or f anim

1. suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma; often referring to plants or animals

   ‎весна́ (vesná, “spring”) + ‎-я́нка (-jánka) → ‎весня́нка (vesnjánka, “spring song; stonefly”)

   ‎медь (medʹ, “copper”) + ‎-я́нка (-jánka) → ‎медя́нка (medjánka, “grass snake; verdigris”)

   ‎роса́ (rosá, “dew”) + ‎-я́нка (-jánka) → ‎рося́нка (rosjánka, “sundew”)

   ‎де́рево (dérevo, “tree”) + ‎-я́нка (-jánka) → ‎деревя́нка (derevjánka, “common tormentil”)

   ‎стекло́ (stekló, “glass”) (dialectal скло (sklo)) + ‎-я́нка (-jánka) → ‎скля́нка (skljánka, “vial, bottle”)

Note the following properties:

• The suffix is added onto the stem in its reduced form.
• The suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of velar consonants, after which it becomes -а́нка (-ánka).
• The suffix becomes -а́нка (-ánka) after a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) or ц.