-ια

See also: ἰά, ἴα, -ία, and -ιά

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Like -ίᾱ (-íā), from Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂. Cognate with Latin -ia.

After a consonant, the vowel *i changed to a semivowel *y and triggered palatalization in Proto-Greek, resulting in many nouns and adjectives ending in -σσᾰ (-ssa), -ττᾰ (-tta), -ζᾰ (-za), -ιρᾰ (-ira), and -ινᾰ (-ina).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /i.a/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /i.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /i.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /i.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /i.a/

Suffix

-ῐᾰ • (-ia) f (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension

Primitive suffix added to the stems of adjectives in -ύς (-ús) and some nouns to form feminine gender
‎ἡδῠ́ς (hēdús, “sweet”, masculine) + ‎-ῐᾰ (-ia) → ‎ἡδεῖᾰ (hēdeîa, feminine)

‎ἱερεύς (hiereús, “priest”, masculine) + ‎-ῐᾰ (-ia) → ‎ἱέρειᾰ (hiéreia, feminine)
Suffix added to the stems of adjectives in -ής (-ḗs) to form abstract nouns
‎ᾰ̓ληθής (alēthḗs, “true”) + ‎-ῐᾰ (-ia) → ‎ᾰ̓λήθειᾰ (alḗtheia, “truth”)

Usage notes

Nouns formed with the suffix always have recessive accent.

Inflection

First declension of -ῐᾰ; -ῐᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ῐᾰ -ia	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐαι -iai
Genitive	-ῐᾱς -iās	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐῶν -iôn
Dative	-ῐᾳ -iāi	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐαις -iais
Accusative	-ῐᾰν -ian	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐᾱς -iās
Vocative	-ῐᾰ -ia	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐαι -iai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of -ῐᾰ; -ῐης (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ῐᾰ -ia	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐαι -iai
Genitive	-ῐης -iēs	-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -iai(i)n / -iēiin	-ῐᾱ́ων / -ῐέ͜ων / -ῐῶν -iā́ōn / -ié͜ōn / -iôn
Dative	-ῐῃ -iēi	-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -iai(i)n / -iēiin	-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν / -ῐῃς / -ῐαις -iēisi(n) / -iēis / -iais
Accusative	-ῐᾰν -ian	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐᾱς -iās
Vocative	-ῐᾰ -ia	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐαι -iai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First declension of -ῐᾰ; -ῐης (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ῐᾰ -ia	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐαι -iai
Genitive	-ῐης -iēs	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐέων / -ῐῶν -iéōn / -iôn
Dative	-ῐῃ -iēi	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν -iēisi(n)
Accusative	-ῐᾰν -ian	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐᾱς -iās
Vocative	-ῐᾰ -ia	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐαι -iai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

-εια (-eia)

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_words_suffixed_with_-%CE%B9%CE%B1' title='Category:Ancient Greek words suffixed with -ια'>Ancient Greek words suffixed with -ια</a>

References

Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 859.6

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