-tlen

See also: tlen

Hungarian

Etymology

Derived as a shortening of -telen (“-less, without”).[1] See the Usage notes section below.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [tlɛn]

Suffix

-tlen (comparative -tlenebb, superlative leg- -tlenebb)

  1. (adjective suffix) -less, un-, dis-. A privative suffix added to a noun or an adjective to form adjectives with a meaning of lacking something.
    felhő (“cloud”) → felhőtlen (“cloudless”)
    hű (“faithful”) → hűtlen (“unfaithful”)

Usage notes
  • (adjective suffix) Harmonic variants:
    -talan is added to back vowel words
    -telen is added to front vowel words
    -tlan is added to back vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    -tlen is added to front vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -atlan is added to back vowel words
    -etlen is added to front vowel words
  • Using two different suffix variants with the same stem may result in different meanings:
    gond (“care”) → gondtalan (“carefree”)
    gond (“care”) → gondatlan (“careless”)

Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative -tlen -tlenek
accusative -tlent -tleneket
dative -tlennek -tleneknek
instrumental -tlennel -tlenekkel
causal-final -tlenért -tlenekért
translative -tlenné -tlenekké
terminative -tlenig -tlenekig
essive-formal -tlenként -tlenekként
essive-modal -tlenül -tlenekül
inessive -tlenben -tlenekben
superessive -tlenen -tleneken
adessive -tlennél -tleneknél
illative -tlenbe -tlenekbe
sublative -tlenre -tlenekre
allative -tlenhez -tlenekhez
elative -tlenből -tlenekből
delative -tlenről -tlenekről
ablative -tlentől -tlenektől

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Hungarian_adjectives_suffixed_with_-tlen' title='Category:Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -tlen'>Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -tlen</a>

See also
  • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

References
  1. Zaicz, Gábor. Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (’Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN
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