-kä

See also: kae, kaé, ka'e, and Appendix:Variations of "ka"

Finnish

Conjunction

(negation verb form +) -kä

  1. (coordinating) nor (the latter clause beginning with this must have same subject as the former clause).
    Minä en nouse ylös, en syö aamupalaa, ennen kuin aurinko paistaa.
    I am not getting up, nor am I having breakfast until the sun shines.
    Sinä et nouse ylös, et syö aamupalaa, ennen kuin aurinko paistaa.
    You are not getting up, nor are you having breakfast until the Sun shines.
    Hän ei nouse ylös, ei hän syö aamupalaa, ennen kuin aurinko paistaa.
    S/he is not getting up, nor is she having breakfast until the sun shines.
    Älä nouse ylös, älä syö aamupalaa, ennen kuin aurinko paistaa!
    Do not get up, nor have breakfast until the sun shines!

Usage notes

  • In derived terms, the suffix may also appear as -ka; examples include joka and kuka.
  • This conjunction can be used only if the two coordinate clauses have the same subject. The verb form depends on the person of the subject:
"I" → en +
"you" (sg.) → et + -kä, (imperative) älä + -kä
"s/he; it" → ei + -kä, (imperative) älköön + -kä (extremely rare in modern Finnish, archaic)
"we" → emme + -kä, (imperative) älkäämme + -kä (extremely rare in modern Finnish, archaic)
"you" (pl.) → ette + -kä, (imperative) älkää + -kä
"they" → eivät + -kä, (imperative) älkööt + -kä (extremely rare in modern Finnish, archaic)

Synonyms

  • ja + negation verb form
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