Yarim Tepe (Iran)

Yarim Tepe is a Neolithic settlement in the eastern Gorgan plain, Golestan Province. It is located near Gonbad-e Kavus. This ancient settlement played a big role in establishing the cultural chronology of the neolithic period in Central Asia.

Not to be confused with Yarim Tepe archaeological site in Iraq
Yarim Tepe
Shown within Near East
Yarim Tepe (Iran) (Iran)
LocationGolestan Province, Iran
Coordinates37.148°N 55.2004°E / 37.148; 55.2004
TypeSettlement
Site notes
ConditionIn ruins

History of research

It was first explored by V. E. Crawford in 1963, when very little was still known about the neolithic age settlements in this area.[1] There are many cultural similarities between Yarim and the nearby site of Tureng Tepe of the same age.

Just like at Tureng Tepe, in the earliest horizon, there occur Jeitun-like ceramics, that are found mostly in the Koppet Dag mountains area,[2] but also at several other contemporary sites in the Gorgan plain, for example in the Hotu cave, and even further west near Behshahr.

In Period I at Yarim Tepe, the Jeitun ware was identified as “Yarim Neolithic”.[3]

Yarim Tepe, 1962 excavations.

Chronology

The early stage of Yarim I is generally dated c. 5200 BC. In Southern Turkmenistan, this is also known as ‘Pessejik period’. In Northeastern Iran, along with Yarim I, to this period also belong Hotu cave, and Tureng 'IA'. In North-central Iran, this period is known as ‘Transitional Chalcolithic’, and it is parallel to Sialk II stratum.[4][5]

At Yarim Tepe there is a gap between the Djeitun-ware levels and the overlying gray-ware levels (Yarim II).[6]

See also

Notes
  1. V. E. Crawford, Beside the Kara Su, Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, April 1963, pp. 272-73 D. Stronach, “Yarim Tepe,” in Excavations in Iran. The British Contribution, Oxford, 1972, pp. 21-23.
  2. Robert H. Dyson, CERAMICS: The Neolithic Period through the Bronze Age in Northeastern and North-central Persia. iranicaonline.org
  3. V. E. Crawford, Beside the Kara Su, Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, April 1963, pp. 272-73 D. Stronach, “Yarim Tepe,” in Excavations in Iran. The British Contribution, Oxford, 1972, pp. 21-23.
  4. Christopher P. Thornton (2010), SANG-E CHAKHMAQ. iranicaonline.org
  5. Chronology Table of Sang-i Chakhmag iranicaonline.org
  6. Robert H. Dyson, CERAMICS: The Neolithic Period through the Bronze Age in Northeastern and North-central Persia. iranicaonline.org
  7. Liverani, Mario (2013). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Routledge. p. 13, Table 1.1 "Chronology of the Ancient Near East". ISBN 9781134750917.
  8. Shukurov, Anvar; Sarson, Graeme R.; Gangal, Kavita (7 May 2014). "The Near-Eastern Roots of the Neolithic in South Asia". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): e95714. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...995714G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095714. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4012948. PMID 24806472.
  9. Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Arpin, Trina; Pan, Yan; Cohen, David; Goldberg, Paul; Zhang, Chi; Wu, Xiaohong (29 June 2012). "Early Pottery at 20,000 Years Ago in Xianrendong Cave, China". Science. 336 (6089): 1696–1700. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1696W. doi:10.1126/science.1218643. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 22745428.
  10. Thorpe, I. J. (2003). The Origins of Agriculture in Europe. Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 9781134620104.
  11. Price, T. Douglas (2000). Europe's First Farmers. Cambridge University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9780521665728.
  12. Jr, William H. Stiebing; Helft, Susan N. (2017). Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture. Routledge. p. 25. ISBN 9781134880836.

Bibliography
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