Watsons

Watsons (Chinese: 屈臣氏; Jyutping: Wat1san4si6) is a health care and beauty care chain store in Asia. It is the flagship health and beauty brand of the A.S. Watson Group, which is majority owned by CK Hutchison Holdings.

"Watson's" redirects here. For the defunct department store chain in the United States, see Watson's (United States).

Watsons
Subsidiary
IndustryPharmacy
Health care
Beauty care
Founded1828
HeadquartersHong Kong
Area served
Key people
Li Ka-shing
Canning Fok
ParentA.S. Watson Group
Websitewww.watsonsasia.com
Watsons
Chinese name
Chinese屈臣氏
Japanese name
Kanaワトソンズ
Korean name
Hangul
왓슨스

It operates over 7,600 stores and 1,500 pharmacies in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Macau, mainland China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia and Vietnam.[1][2]

History

Founding and move to Hong Kong

Dr. Thomas Boswell Watson (1815–1860), from Scotland, was the first member of the Watson family to arrive in the Far East, where in 1845 he set up a private practice in Macau, on the southwest coast of China.[3] After selling his practice to a fellow doctor, he moved to Hong Kong in 1856 where he became part owner of the Hong Kong Dispensary, an offshoot of the Canton Dispensary which operated from 1828 to 1858.

Known as the "Big Medicine Shop" (Chinese: 大藥房; Cantonese: Dai Yeuk Fong), the dispensary's main customers were soldiers and sailors. The dispensary was not known as A.S. Watson until 1870, although Alexander Skirving Watson took over in 1858 following management changes.[3] T. B. Watson sent his family back to Scotland in 1857, and he himself followed two years later.

Following the death of Dr T. B. Watson in 1860, the Hong Kong Dispensary was leased to A. S. Watson and two other doctors, and onwards from 1862, the name A.S. Watson featured prominently at the Hong Kong Dispensary. In 1871, the Watson family leased the company to Dr John David Humphreys and Dr Arthur Hunt, and thereafter trading was executed under the name A.S. Watson & Company.

The company entered China and the Philippines in 1883, but withdrew from both countries in 1910.[4]

Retail outlets were known as "Watsons the Chemist". The current owners, Hutchison Group, acquired a controlling interest in A.S. Watson & Co., Ltd in 1963. In 1981, it became a wholly owned subsidiary of Hutchison Whampoa Ltd.[4] At this time, the group had 75 retail outlets.

International expansion

In the late 1980s, the chain expanded to other parts of Asia. The first modern Watsons store outside Hong Kong opened in the Portuguese territory of Macau in late May 1987.[5][6] The first Watsons in Taiwan opened in September 1987, and by May 1991 the number of Taiwanese locations numbered 25.[7][8] The first Watsons store in Singapore opened on 29 April 1988, with the chain expanding to operate 27 outlets across the city-state by 1993.[9][10]

The first Watsons store in China opened in April 1989. Located in Beijing's newly opened Palace Hotel, the shop's products were all shipped from Hong Kong, and were therefore for sale in foreign exchange certificates only. Watson's management thus expected the shop's customers to mainly comprise foreign tourists. The Palace Hotel was partly owned by the People's Liberation Army, which required all shop staff to complete a month-long boot camp.[11]

Watsons personal care stores were subsequently opened in Malaysia (1994) and Thailand (1996).[4] The first Watsons store in Indonesia opened on 13 January 2006 in Jakarta.[12]

Operations

According to the A.S. Watson website, there are (as of 2020) approximately 7,600 Watsons stores and 1,500 pharmacies in 13 countries, namely China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Turkey, Ukraine, and Russia.[2]

A.S. Watson Retail, as well as the Watsons chain of stores in Hong Kong, is headquartered in Watson House, Fo Tan, Hong Kong, an 11-storey distribution centre opened in April 1983.[13]

References
  1. Ray Chan (22 March 2014). "Li Ka-shing sells nearly 25pc of AS Watson to Singapore investment giant Temasek". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  2. "Watsons". A.S. Watson Group. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  3. Dan Waters (1990). "Hongs Kong's Hongs with Long Histories and British Connections" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch. 30: 219–256. ISSN 1991-7295. p. 221
  4. Lord, Richard (27 October 2018). "The story of A.S. Watson: from a Hong Kong pharmacy to world's largest health and beauty group". South China Morning Post.
  5. Leung, Carolyn (24 May 1987). "Watson's in Taiwan expansion". South China Morning Post. p. Money 1.
  6. "Watson's opens in Macau". South China Morning Post. 3 June 1987. p. Business 2.
  7. Browne, Andrew (5 September 1987). "Taiwan – a retailer's dream". South China Morning Post. p. Review 5.
  8. Chung, Lynda (29 May 1991). "Watson to open 200 stores in Taiwan". South China Morning Post. p. Business 3.
  9. "Major expansion for Watson". South China Morning Post. 30 April 1988. p. Business 3.
  10. "Watson's to report gains in Singapore". South China Morning Post. 24 October 1993. p. 3.
  11. Faison, Seth (17 April 1989). "Watson's comes home with new Beijing store". South China Morning Post. p. Business 12.
  12. "First Watsons Store Opens in Indonesia". A.S. Watson Group. 13 January 2006.
  13. "Watson's new centre opened". South China Morning Post. 28 April 1983. p. Business 1.
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