V band

The V band ("vee-band") is a standard designation by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for a band of frequencies in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 40 to 75 gigahertz (GHz).[1][2] The V band is not heavily used, except for millimeter wave radar research and other kinds of scientific research. It should not be confused with the 600–1000 MHz range of Band V (Band Five) of the UHF frequency range.

This article is about the microwave frequency range. For the photometric band, see UBV photometric system. For the music group, see V (band).
IEEE V band
Frequency range
40 – 75 GHz
Wavelength range
7.5 – 4 mm
Related bands
Radio bands
ITU
1 (ELF) 2 (SLF) 3 (ULF) 4 (VLF)
5 (LF) 6 (MF) 7 (HF) 8 (VHF)
9 (UHF) 10 (SHF) 11 (EHF) 12 (THF)
EU / NATO / US ECM
IEEE
Other TV and radio

The V band is also used for high capacity terrestrial millimeter wave communications systems. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission has allocated the frequency band from 57 to 71 GHz for unlicensed wireless systems.[3] These systems are primarily used for high capacity, short distance (less than 1 mile) communications. In addition, frequencies at 70, 80, and 90 GHz have been allocated as "lightly licensed" bands for multi-gigabit wireless communications. All communications links in the V band require unobstructed line of sight between the transmit and receive point, and rain fade must be taken into account when performing link budget analysis.

Uses

On Dec. 15, 1995 the V band at 60 GHz was used by the world's first crosslink communication between satellites in a constellation. This communication was between the U.S. Milstar 1 and Milstar 2 military satellites.[4] 60 GHz is attractive for secure satellite crosslinks because it allows for high data rates, narrow beams and, lying in a strong absorption band of oxygen, provides protection against intercept by ground-based adversaries.

Very short range Wi-Fi

The WiGig standard IEEE 802.11ad and IEEE 802.11ay utilize the 60 GHz (EHF microwave) spectrum with data transfer rates of up to 7 Gbit/s for very short ranges of up to 10 metres (33 ft)[5]

Wireless broadband
CableFree V-band High Gain Radio for Wireless Broadband applications

Internet service providers are looking for ways to expand gigabit high-speed services to their customers. These can be achieved through fiber to the premises broadband network architecture, or a more affordable alternative using fixed wireless in the last mile in combination with the fiber networks in the middle mile in order to reduce the costs of trenching fiber optic cables to the users. In the United States and several other countries, V band is unlicensed. This makes V band an appealing choice to be used as fixed wireless access for gigabit services to connect to homes and businesses.[6] V-band radios are available in both Point to Point (P2P) and Point to Multipoint (P2MP) configurations.

Satellite constellations

As of March 2017, several US companies—Boeing, SpaceX, OneWeb, Telesat, O3b Networks and Theia Holdings—have each filed with the US regulatory authorities "plans to field constellations of V-band satellites in non-geosynchronous orbits to provide communications services," an electromagnetic spectrum that had not previously been "heavily employed for commercial communications services."[7]

References
  1. Leonid A. Belov; Sergey M. Smolskiy; Victor N. Kochemasov (2012). Handbook of RF, Microwave, and Millimeter-Wave Components. Artech House. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1-60807-209-5.
  2. George Kizer (22 May 2013). Digital Microwave Communication: Engineering Point-to-Point Microwave Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 62. ISBN 978-1-118-63680-0.
  3. FCC Rules, Part 15.255
  4. "Milstar II at Boeing Integrated Defense Systems". Archived from the original on 2012-07-20. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
  5. "IEEE 802.11ad Microwave Wi-Fi / WiGig Tutorial". Radio-Electronics.com. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  6. Alleven, Monica (25 October 2017). "60 GHz band particularly appealing for fixed wireless: report". Fierce Wireless. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  7. "FCC gets five new applications for non-geostationary satellite constellations". SpaceNews.com. March 3, 2017.
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