Umamah bint Zainab

Umamah bint Abu al-'As bin al-Rabi' (Arabic: أمامة بنت ابو العاص بن الربيع) was a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija bint Khuwaylid. She is numbered among his companions.

Umamah bint Zainab
أُمامة بنت زینب
Born
Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia
Died670 (AH 50)
Jeddah, Hejaz, Arabia
Known forBeing a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
Spouse(s)Ali ibn Abi Talib
Mughirah ibn Nawfal
ChildrenHilal ibn Ali, Yahya ibn Mughira
Parents
Relatives
FamilyHouse of Muhammad

Biography

She was the daughter of Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' and of Muhammad's eldest daughter Zaynab.[1]:27-28,163-164[2]:13,162 She had one sibling, Ali.[2]:13 Her maternal aunts were Muhammad's daughters Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum and Fatimah.

When Umama was a small child, Muhammad used to carry her on his shoulder while he prayed. He used to put her down to prostrate and then pick her up again as he rose.[1]:27,163 Muhammad once promised to give an onyx necklace to "her whom I love best." His wives expected him to give it to Aisha, but he presented it to Umamah. On a different occasion, he gave her a gold ring that had arrived from the Emperor of Abyssinia.[1]:27-28,163-164

Her aunt Fatimah requested her husband Ali on her deathbed to marry her niece Umamah because Umamah had an intense attachment and love for Fatimah's children Hasan, Umm Kulthum, Zaynab and especially Husayn. After Fatimah died in 632, Umamah married Ali.[1]:164[2]:13,162 They had one son, Muhammad "the Middle",[3]:12 who died young.[4]

Ali was killed in 661, and Muawiyah I proposed to Umamah. She consulted al-Mughira ibn Nawfal ibn al-Harith about this. He said that she should not marry "the son of the liver-eater (Hind bint Utbah)" and offered to deal with the problem for her. When she agreed, he said, "I will marry you myself."[1]:28 This marriage produced one son, Yahya. It is uncertain whether she had any descendants beyond this.[4]

Umamah accompanied al-Mughirah into exile at al-Safri. She died there c. 680;[4] but it is also said that she died in 670 (50 AH).[5]

See also
  • Hassan ibn Ali
  • Hussain ibn Ali

References
  1. Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). The Women of Madina. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
  2. Al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1998). The History of al-Tabari,. XXXIX: Biographies of the Prophet's Companions and Their Successors. Translated by E. Landau-Tasseron. Albany: State University of New York Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  3. Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). The Companions of Badr. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
  4. Al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1993). The History of al-Tabari,. XI: The Challenge to the Empires. Translated by K. Y. Blankinship. Albany: State University of New York Press. p. 71, footnote 406.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  5. Lammens, H. (1912). Fatima et les Filles de Mahomet, p. 127. Rome: Sumptibus Pontificii Instituti Biblici.
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