Timeline of Portuguese history (First Dynasty)

This is a historical timeline of Portugal.

Main article: History of Portugal

First Dynasty: House of Borgonha

12th century
  • 1128, July 24 – Count Afonso Henriques defeats his mother, Theresa, Countess of Portugal, in the Battle of São Mamede and becomes sole ruler (Dux - Duke) after demands for independence from the county's people, church and nobles.
  • 1129 - April 6, Afonso Henriques proclaims himself Prince of Portugal.
  • 1130
  • 1135
    • Prince Afonso Henriques conquers Leiria from the Moors.
    • King Alfonso VII of Castile and León is proclaimed Imperator totius Hispaniae. Afonso Henriques doesn't recognise King Alfonso VII new title of Emperor.
  • 1137
    • Battle of Arcos de Valdevez
    • Peace treaty of Tui, whereby Prince Afonso Henriques acknowledges himself as vassal to King Alfonso VII of Castile and León, through the possession of Astorga. Prince Afonso Henriques would never keep his acknowledgement of vassal to King Alfonso VII.
    • Prince Afonso I of Portugal tries and fails to conquer Lisbon from the Moors.
    • The Moors retake Leiria.
  • 1139
  • 1140
  • 1142 - King Afonso I of Portugal retakes Leiria from the Moors and the town receives its foral (compilation of feudal rights) to stimulate the colonisation of the area.
  • 1143
  • 1144
    • The Muridun ("Disciples") under Abul-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Husayn al-Qasi rebel in the Algarve. Ibn al-Mundhir takes Silves in his name and the governor of Beja, Sidray ibn Wazir, also supports him. Ibn al-Mundhir and Sidray ibn Wazir kill the garrison of Monchique castle, and 70 men take Mértola by surprise (12 Aug). Soon after the Andalusian governor of Niebla, Yusuf ibn Ahmad al-Bitruji declares for the Muridun. The Almoravid Yahya ibn Ali ibn Ghaniya drives the Muridun back from Seville, and subsequently Sidray ibn Wazir splits off from the other Muridun.
    • The Taifas of Mértola and of Silves again become independent.
    • The Order of Cistercians installs itself in Portugal, at Tarouca
  • 1145 - The Taifa of Badajoz again becomes independent and conquers the Taifa of Mértola.
  • 1146
  • 1147
    • March, King Afonso I of Portugal takes the Taifa of Santarém in a surprise attack.
    • May 19, A fleet of almost 200 ships of crusaders (Second Crusade) leaves from Dartmouth in England, consisting of Flemish, Frisian, Norman, English, Scottish, and some German crusaders. The fleet was commanded by Arnold III of Aerschot (nephew of Godfrey of Louvain) Christian of Ghistelles, Henry Glanville (constable of Suffolk), Simon of Dover, Andrew of London, and Saher of Archelle.
    • June 16, The crusaders fleet arrives at the northern city of Porto, and are convinced by the bishop, Pedro II Pitões, to continue to Lisbon.
    • July 1, The Siege of Lisbon begins, after the armies of King Afonso I of Portugal were joined by the crusaders.
    • October 21, The Moorish rulers of Lisbon agree to surrender to King Afonso I of Portugal, basically due to the hunger that was felt inside the city walls. The terms of surrender indicated that the Muslim garrison of the city would be allowed to flee.
    • October 25, The city of Lisbon opens its doors to the Christian armies. As soon as the Christians enter the city the terms of surrender were broken. Many Muslims were killed, and the city was thoroughly plundered before King Afonso I of Portugal finally was able to stop the onslaught.
    • The towns of Almada and Palmela, just south of Lisbon, are taken from the Moors.
    • King Afonso I of Portugal orders the construction of the church and monastery of Church of São Vicente de Fora (St. Vincent outside the Walls), in Lisbon, in honour of St. Vincent the Deacon.
  • 1148 - Some of the crusaders that had helped King Afonso I of Portugal conquer Lisbon settle in the newly captured city, and Gilbert of Hastings is elected bishop of the renovated Diocese of Lisbon, but most of the crusaders' fleet continues to the east.
  • 1149 - A new Berber dynasty, the Almohad, led by Emir Abd al-Mu'min al-Kumi conquers North Africa to the Almoravids and soon invades the Iberian Peninsula.
  • 1150 - The Taifas of Badajoz and of Beja and Évora are taken by the Almohads.
  • 1151
  • 1152 - The Cistercians build the Monastery of St. John in Tarouca
  • 1153 - The Cistercians build the Monastery of Alcobaça.
  • 1155 - The Taifa of Silves is taken by the Almohads.
  • 1154 - Sancho, son of King Afonso I of Portugal and future King of Portugal is born.
  • 1158 - King Afonso I of Portugal conquers Alcácer do Sal from the Moors.
  • 1159
  • 1160 - The city of Tomar is founded by Gualdim Pais.
  • 1161 - Évora, Beja and Alcácer do Sal are retaken by the Moors.
  • 1162 - King Afonso I of Portugal retakes Beja from the Moors.
  • 1163 - The Almohad Caliph Abd al-Mu'min al-Kumi dies and is succeeded by Abu Ya'qub Yusuf I.
  • 1165
  • 1166 - The Portuguese armies take Serpa and Moura (in Alentejo) from the Moors.
  • 1168 - Portuguese frontiersman Geraldo the Fearless goes into the territory of Badajoz.
  • 1169
    • King Afonso I of Portugal grants the Knights Templar one third of all they conquer to the Moors in Alentejo.
    • Geraldo the Fearless seizes Badajoz from the Almohads.
    • King Afonso I of Portugal is wounded by a fall from his horse in Badajoz, and is captured by the competing forces of King Ferdinand II of León. As ransom King Afonso I was obliged to surrender almost all the conquests he had made in Galicia in the previous years as well as Badajoz, that the Leonese gave back to the Almohads as a vassal territory.
  • 1170 - The Almohads transfer their capital to Seville.
  • 1174 – The kingdom of Aragon recognizes Portugal as independent.
  • 1175 - Beja recaptured by Almohads.
  • 1179
  • 1184
    • The Portuguese defeat the Almohads at Santarém.
    • Yusuf I, Almohad Caliph, dies and is succeeded by Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur.
  • 1185
  • 1185-1212 - Sancho I of Portugal founds several new towns and villages and takes great care in populating remote areas in the northern Christian regions of Portugal, notably with Flemings and Burgundians.
  • 1199 - The Almohad Caliph Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur dies and is succeeded by Muhammad an-Nasir.

13th century

14th century
  • 1308 – First Portuguese commercial treaty, signed with England.
  • 1325 – Afonso IV of Portugal becomes king.
  • 1341 - Portugal raids the Canary Islands.
  • 1355 – Inês de Castro is killed by royal order; begins civil war between Afonso IV and his heir Pedro.
  • 1357 – Pedro I of Portugal becomes king; Inês de Castro is removed from her grave and crowned Queen of Portugal.
  • 1367 – Fernando I of Portugal becomes king.
  • 1383/1385 – Civil war and political anarchy: 1383-1385 Crisis.

See also
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