The Hallé

In May 1857 the pianist and conductor Charles Hallé set up an orchestra to perform at the Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition, which it did until October. Hallé decided to continue working with the orchestra as a formal organisation, and it gave its first concert under those auspices on 30 January 1858.[1] The orchestra's first home was the Free Trade Hall. By 1861 the orchestra was in financial trouble, and it performed only two concerts that year.[2][3]

The Hallé's first programme (1858)

Hans Richter served as music director from 1899 to 1911. During his tenure, the orchestra gave the first performance of the Symphony No. 1 of Sir Edward Elgar.[4]

In 1943 the orchestra was again in crisis, having diminished in size to 30 players.[2] Over the next 27 years, from 1943 to 1970, the orchestra's next music director, Sir John Barbirolli, restored the Hallé to national prominence. Together, they made many recordings, including the first recording of Ralph Vaughan Williams' Symphony No. 8, of which they also gave the first performance. During Barbirolli's tenure, one of the most notable orchestra members was concertmaster Martin Milner, who served in that capacity from 1958 to 1987. Barbirolli regarded Milner as his "right-hand man" and once wrote in appreciation to him: "You are the finest leader I have ever had in my fairly long career."[5]

Kent Nagano was principal conductor of the orchestra from 1992 to 1999. The orchestra moved from the Free Trade Hall to the Bridgewater Hall in 1996 as its primary concert venue. During his tenure, Nagano received criticism for his expensive and ambitious programming, as well as his conducting fees.[6] However, poor financial management at the orchestra separately contributed to the fiscal troubles of the orchestra. The orchestra faced major financial problems during the late 1990s, including a £1.3 million deficit in 1998, to the point where the existence of the orchestra was threatened with loss of funding from the Arts Council and ultimately bankruptcy.[7]

The Hallé performing at Jodrell Bank Observatory.

During 1997 there was an eight-month period when the orchestra had no executive director. Leslie Robinson served for two years as chief executive after that period, starting changes to the orchestra to start to bring under control the orchestra's financial troubles. These included public fund-raising, which netted £2 million, cutting the number of people on the orchestra board in half, and reducing the number of musicians in the orchestra from 98 to 80.

Since 1999, the orchestra's chief executive has been John Summers, who continued Robinson's fiscal practices to restore greater financial security to the orchestra.[8] In 2001, the Arts Council awarded the orchestra a £3.8 million grant to allow it to pay off accumulated debts and increase musician salaries, which had been frozen for 4 years.[9]

In September 2000 Sir Mark Elder took up the position of music director, having been appointed to the post in 1999.[10] His concerts with the orchestra have received consistently positive reviews, and he is generally regarded as having restored the orchestra to high critical and musical standards.[11] In 2004 Elder signed a contract to extend his tenure through 2010,[12] and in May 2009 the Hallé announced a further extension to 2015.[13] In November 2013, the Hallé announced the further extension of Elder's contract through "at least 2020".[14][15]

One of the orchestra's recent ideas was to try to find alternative stage dress to the traditional "penguin suits", but this idea did not come to fruition.[16] The orchestra has also begun to issue new CD recordings under its own label.[17] In 2017, the orchestra began a series of recordings in collaboration with the film composer, Benson Taylor.[18]

In March 2006 the orchestra was forced to cancel a planned tour of the United States because of the cost and administrative difficulties in obtaining visas for the musicians, a result of the tougher visa regulations intended to combat potential terrorist attacks.[19]

The orchestra appointed its first-ever principal guest conductor, Cristian Mandeal, in 2006. He served in this post until 2009.[20] In February 2008, the orchestra announced the appointment of Markus Stenz as its second and next principal guest conductor, starting in 2009.[21] Past assistant conductors have included Edward Gardner, Rory Macdonald, Andrew Gourlay, and Ewa Strusińska (2008–2010), the first female conductor named to a UK assistant conductorship.[22] In September 2016, Jonathon Heyward became the Hallé's new assistant conductor, whose duties include musical direction of the Hallé Youth Orchestra.[23] The current leader of the Hallé is Lyn Fletcher. The orchestra's current head of artistic planning is Geoffrey Owen.

Notable premieres

• Edward Elgar, Symphony No. 1 (1908) [24]
• Constant Lambert, The Rio Grande (1929; first public performance; the work had been broadcast on radio in 1928)[25]
• Anthony Collins, Threnody for a Soldier Killed in Action (1945)[26]
• William Alwyn, Symphony No. 1, (1949–1950) [27]
• William Alwyn, Symphony No. 2 (1953) [28]
• Ralph Vaughan Williams, Sinfonia antartica (1953) [29]
• Gerald Finzi, Cello Concerto (1955)[30]
• Anthony Milner, Variations for Orchestra (1959)[31]
• Thomas Adès, These Premises Are Alarmed (1996) [32]
• Gustav Mahler Das klagende Lied (complete version) (1997)
• Colin Matthews, "Pluto", an addition to Holst's The Planets (2000) [33]

In addition, Hallé conducted the orchestra in the U.K. premieres of two major works by Berlioz, his Symphonie fantastique (1879) and La damnation de Faust (1880).

Along with the Hallé Orchestra, the Hallé Concerts Society also supports a number of ensembles.

[39]

Mark Elder

The Hallé performs about 70 concerts a year in Manchester's Bridgewater Hall, opened in 1996.

Hallé St Peter's is a former church in Ancoats which was converted for the orchestra to use for rehearsals, recordings, and small performances, and as a base for the choirs and Youth Orchestra. It was opened in 2013 by Sophie, Countess of Wessex.[40] Simon Armitage, the Poet Laureate, wrote a poem "the event horizon" to commemorate the opening of its extension, the Oglesby Centre in 2019, and the poem is included in the building "in the form of a letter-cut steel plate situated in the entrance to the auditorium, the 'event horizon'".[41]

Hallé at St Michael's is another converted church, used as a space for artistic and educational activities and community events.[42]

• Kennedy, Michael (1982) The Hallé, 1858–1983: a History of the Orchestra. Manchester: Manchester University Press, ISBN 978-0719009211

Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Hallé.

• The Hallé official website