Tarwara

Situated on the bank of Gandak River one of the major rivers of Nepal and a left bank tributary of the Ganges in India. It is also called Krishna Gandaki in Nepal.[1]

It originates between Tibet and Mount Everest at an elevation of 6,268 metres (20,564 ft) at the Nhubine Himal Glacier in the Mustang region of Nepal.

The Gandak river is mentioned in the ancient Sanskrit epic Mahabharata and Its evolution is described in Shiva Purana, Kumarakhand, in the chapter of the killing of Shankhachuda.

Tarwara is located in the UTC 5:30 time zone and follows Indian standard time (IST).

According to the 2011 census Tarwara has a population of 10,244,[2]

• There are 1,640 households in Tarwara.
• There are 5,057 males (49%); There are 5,187 females (51%).
• Scheduled Cast are 1,125 (11%)
• Total Scheduled Tribe are 339 (3% ).
• Literates in Tarwara are 6,102 (60%).
• There are 4,142 total illiterates (40% ).
• Workers are 2,645 (26%). 2,006 are regular and 639 are Irregular.
• There are 7,599 Non Workers (74%).

In the 2016 state assembly elections, Shyam Bahadur Singh of JD(U) won the Barharia assembly seat defeating Mahammad Mobin of RJD. In the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, Kavita Singh of JDU won the Siwan Lok sabha seat defeating Heena Shahab of RJD.

Tarwara, Siwan, situated in the western part of the State, was originally a sub-division of Saran District, which in ancient days formed a part of Kosala Kingdom.[3] Siwan became a fully-fledged district when it was split from Saran in 1976.[4]

Siwan derived its name from "Shiva Man", a Bandh Raja whose heirs ruled this area till Babar’s arrival. Maharajganj, which is another subdivision of Siwan district, may have found its name from the seat of the Maharaja there. A recently excavated marvellous statue of Vishnu at Village Bherbania from underneath a tree indicates that there were large numbers of followers of Lord Vishnu. Currently it is not located as border district of Bihar. The Gorkha king had briefly extended his kingdom to Siwan for a few years in the 1790s before the British started their rule and repulsed the Gorkhas and that is how the name got stuck to the region. It is now dominated by Yadavs and Rajputs.[5]

Siwan was a part of Banaras Kingdom during the 8th century. Muslims came here in the 13th century. Sikandar Lodi brought this area in his kingdom in the 15th century. Babar crossed Ghaghra river near Siswan in his return journey. In the end of the 17th century, the Dutch came first followed by the English. After the battle of Buxar in 1765 it became a part of Bengal. Siwan played an important role in 1857 independence movement. It is famous for the stalwart and sturdy ‘Bhoj-puries’, who have always been noted for their martial spirit and physical endurance and from whom the army and police personnel were largely drawn. A good number of them rebelled and rendered their services to Babu Kunwar Singh. The anti pardah movement in Bihar was started by Sri Braj Kishore Prasad who also belonged to Siwan in response to the Non Co-Operative movement in 1920.[3]

The native language of Tarwara is Bhojpuri, Hindi and Urdu but the native dialect is Bhojpuri, (an Indo-Aryan language).

Tarwara shares many cultural roots with neighboring state and country Uttar Pradesh and Nepal respectively. A regular Bihari meal consists of daal, bhaat (rice), roti, tarkari (vegetables) etc. Bihari cuisine is predominantly vegetarian because traditional Bihar society, influenced by Buddhist and Hindu values of non-violence, did not eat eggs, chicken, fish and other animal products. However, there is also a tradition of meat-eating, and fish dishes are especially common due to the number of rivers and ponds in Tarwara. There are also numerous Bihari meat dishes, with chicken and mutton being the most common.[6].

• Guru Dronacharya of Mahabharat - The royal guru to Kauravas and Pandavas and was a master of advanced military arts, including the divine weapons or Divya Astras.[3]
• Rajendra Prasad - A Freedom fighter, politician, (President) architect of the Constitution of India and First President of India.
• Satyendra Dubey - An IES officer, whistle blower in golden highway project against corruption. A movie Manjunath (film) was released in his remembrance on 9 May 2014 .
• Mahamaya Prasad Sinha - He was the Chief Minister of Bihar from March 1967 to Jan 1968.
• Brajkishore Prasad-Who started the anti Pardah Movement. He was well-known pioneer of the Non Co-operation movement of 1920 with Mahatma Gandhi
• Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi - A Twelver Shī'ah Scholar, Speaker, Author, Historian and Poet. He was popularly known as "Adeeb-E-Asr" as a scholar and "Sha'oor" as a poet.
• Prabhavati Devi - She was at the forefront of freedom struggle in Bihar and wife of Loknayak Jaipraksh Narayan (under him India formed first Non-Congress government in Centre)
• Natwarlal - Hardly people know his real name Mithilesh Kumar Srivastava, was a noted Indian con man known for having repeatedly "sold" the Taj Mahal, the Red Fort, and the Rashtrapati Bhavan and also the Parliament House of India along with its 545 sitting members. He was a living-legend in his lifetime and a legend even after his death.[7]
• Mohammad Shahabuddin - A former Member of Parliament who was elected four times from Siwan, Bihar, with the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), and was elected twice as MLA, to the Bihar Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly)
• Khesari Lal Yadav - An Indian actor, singer and model associated with Bhojpuri cinema.
• Khuda Bakhsh - Created a public library from the precious collections of his father and making his own valuable collection of books, which was later named as “Oriental Public Library”.

Schools in Tarwara are either government schools (run by the state or central government) or private schools (run by trusts or individuals), many of which are religious. The schools are affiliated either with the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB), National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) boards.[8]
Under the 10+2+3 plan, students complete ten years of schooling and then enroll in schools that have a higher secondary facility and are affiliated with the Bihar Intermediate Education Council (BIEC), the All-India Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the NIOS or the CBSE, where they select one of three streams: arts, commerce, or science.[9]
Tarwara has important government/priavate educational institutions like

• Maulana Mazharul Haque Degree College, Tarwara
• Gandak High School, Tarwara
• Primary/Secondary School chaudhary Patti, Tarwara (CBSE Pattern)
• St. Joseph Mission School, Tarwara (CBSE Pattern)
• Children's Rise School, Tarwara (CBSE Pattern)
• Master Academy, Tarwara
• Modern Academy Tarwara
• Ideal international school Tarwara (CBSE Pattern)
• Paradise international school Tarwara
• 20 Coachings In Tarwara Bazar

Tarwara is well-connected by State Highway 73