Sphenacodontoidea

Sphenacodontoidea is a node-based clade that is defined to include the most recent common ancestor of the Sphenacodontidae and the Therapsida and their descendants (including mammals). They are defined according to a number of specialised characteristics concerning proportions of the bones of the skull and the teeth.

Sphenacodontoids
Temporal range: Late Carboniferous-Recent, 300–0 Ma
Examples of Sphenacodontoidea: Inostrancevia, Dimetrodon and Adelobasileus.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Eupelycosauria
Clade: Haptodontiformes
Clade: Sphenacomorpha
Clade: Sphenacodontia
Clade: Sphenacodontoidea
Clades

The Sphenacodontoidea evolved from earlier Sphenacodontia such as Haptodus via a number of transitional stages of small, unspecialised pelycosaurs.

Classification

The following taxonomy follows Fröbisch et al. (2011) and Benson (2012) unless otherwise noted.[1][2]

Class Synapsida

See also

References
  1. Jörg Fröbisch, Rainer R. Schoch, Johannes Müller, Thomas Schindler and Dieter Schweiss (2011). "A new basal sphenacodontid synapsid from the Late Carboniferous of the Saar-Nahe Basin, Germany" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (1): 113–120. doi:10.4202/app.2010.0039.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  2. Benson, R.J. (2012). "Interrelationships of basal synapsids: cranial and postcranial morphological partitions suggest different topologies". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. in press (4): 601–624. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.631042.
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