Spesmilo

The spesmilo (pronounced [spesˈmilo], plural spesmiloj [spesˈmiloi̯]) is an obsolete decimal international currency, proposed in 1907 by René de Saussure and used before World War I by a few British and Swiss banks, primarily the Ĉekbanko Esperantista.

Coin of 1 spesmilo.

The spesmilo was equivalent to one thousand spesoj, and worth 0.733 grams (0.0259 oz) of pure gold (0.8 grams of 22 karat gold), which at the time was about one-half United States dollar, two shillings in Britain, one Russian ruble, or 2½ Swiss francs. On 19 January 2014, that quantity of gold would be worth about US$33,[1] £22 British pounds,[2] €24,[3] ₽2137 Russian rubles,[4] and SFr 29 Swiss francs.[5]

The basic unit, the speso (from Italian spesa or German Spesen;[6] spesmilo is Esperanto for "a thousand pennies"), was purposely made very small to avoid fractions: (on 19 January 2014) US$0.033, UK£0.022, Russia ₽2.137 and Switzerland SFr 0.029.

Sign
Spesmilo sign ⟨₷⟩.

The spesmilo character, called spesmilsigno in Esperanto, is a monogram of a cursive capital "S", from whose tail emerges an "m".[7] The currency sign is often typeset as the separate letters Sm.[8] The character has been assigned the Unicode code point U+20B7 SPESMILO SIGN (HTML ₷)[9] and is included in Unicode version 5.2.[10]

Miscellaneous
  • The stelo was another currency unit used by the Universala Ligo from 1942 to the 1990s.
  • An Esperanto version of the board game Monopoly uses play money in denominations of spesmiloj.[11]

References
  1. XE.com exchange rate XAU to USD. 19 January 2014.
  2. XE.com exchange rate XAU to GBP. 19 January 2014.
  3. XE.com exchange rate XAU to EUR. 19 January 2014.
  4. XE.com exchange rate XAU to RUB. 19 January 2014.
  5. XE.com exchange rate XAU to CHF. 19 January 2014.
  6. Cherpillod, André (2007). Konciza Etimologia Vortaro (in Esperanto). Universala Esperanto-Asocio. p. 432. ISBN 9789290170822.
  7. Proposal to encode the Esperanto SPESMILO SIGN in the UCS, by Michael Everson
  8. Esperanto and the Dream of a World Currency Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine
  9. Proposed New Characters - Pipeline Table
  10. Andrew West, BabelStone: What's new in Unicode 5.2?
  11. Monopolo
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