Sima Samar

Samar was born on 3 February 1957 in Jaghori, in Ghazni Province of Afghanistan. She belongs to the ethnic Hazara. She obtained her degree in medicine in February 1982 Kabul University. She practiced medicine at a government hospital in Kabul, but after a few months was forced to flee for her safety to her native Jaghori, where she provided medical treatment to patients throughout the remote areas of central Afghanistan. She is currently the head of human rights commission in Afghanistan.

In 1984, the communist regime arrested her husband, and Samar and her young son fled to neighboring Pakistan. She then worked as a doctor at the refugee branch of the Mission Hospital. Distressed by the total lack of health care facilities for Afghan refugee women, she established in 1989 the Shuhada Organization and Shuhada Clinic in Quetta, Pakistan. The Shuhada Organization was dedicated to the provision of health care to Afghan women and girls, training of medical staff and to education. In the following years further branches of the clinic/hospital were opened throughout Afghanistan.

After living as refugee for over a decade, Samar returned to Afghanistan in 2002 to assume a cabinet post in the Afghan Transitional Administration led by Hamid Karzai. In the interim government, she served as Deputy President and then as Minister for Women's Affairs. She was forced into resignation from her post after she was threatened with death and harassed for questioning conservative Islamic laws, especially sharia law, during an interview in Canada with a Persian-language newspaper. During the 2003 Loya Jirga, several religious conservatives took out an advertisement in a local newspaper calling Samar the Salman Rushdie of Afghanistan.

Samar is currently the head of Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC). She also established Gawharshad Institute of Higher Education in 2010, which has attracted more than 1200 students in a very short amount of its activities.[1] In 2019, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres appointed Samar as one of eight members of the High Level-Panel on Internal Displacement under the leadership of Federica Mogherini and Donald Kaberuka.[2]

Samar is one of the four main subjects in Sally Armstrong's 2004 documentary Daughters of Afghanistan. In the documentary, Sima Samar's work as the Minister of Women's Affairs and her subsequent fall from power is shown.

Samar has received numerous international awards[3] for her work on human rights and democracy, including:

• 1994 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership;
• 1995 Global Leader for Tomorrow from the World Economic Forum in Switzerland;
• The 1998 100 Heroines Award in the United States;
• The Paul Grunninger Human Rights Award, Paul Grunninger Foundation, Switzerland March 2001;
• The Voices of Courage Award, Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children, New York, June 2001;
• The John Humphrey Freedom Award, Rights & Democracy, Canada 2001;[4]
• Ms. magazine, Women of the Year on behalf of Afghan Women, USA December 2001;
• Women of the Month, Toronto, Canada, December 2001;
• Best Social Worker Award, Mailo Trust Foundation, Quetta, Pakistan March 2001;
• International Human Rights Award, International Human Rights Law Group, Washington, DC April 2002;
• Freedom Award, Women’s Association for Freedom and Democracy, Barcelona July 2002;
• Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, New York October 2002;
• The Perdita Huston Human Rights Award 2003;
• Profile in Courage Award 2004; and
• Peace Prize of the City of Ieper (Ypres) Belgium, 2008
• Asia Democracy and Human Rights Award, December 2008[5]
• Honorary Officer of the Order of Canada, 2009[6]
• Geuzenpenning, 2011
• Right Livelihood Award, 2012[7]
• Mother Teresa Awards for Social Justice in November 2012.[8]
• Honorary Doctorate from Salem State University in May 2013
• 2013 Allard Prize for International Integrity, Finalist award of CDN$25,000[9]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sima Samar.

• Ms. magazine "A Voice for the Voiceless" Winter 2007 conversation with Sima Samar and Ms. executive editor Katherine Spillar.
• The New England Journal of Medicine "Despite the Odds -- Providing Health Care to Afghan Women" Vol. 351, No. 11 (2004).

Other Afghan Human Rights Activists

• Qadria Yazdanparast Afghan Human Rights Activist and Law Professor Yazdanparast on Wiki