Sar language

Sar or Sara, also known as Madjingay and Sara Madjingay is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of southern Chad, and the lingua franca of regional capital of Sarh.

Sar
Madjingay
Native toChad
Native speakers
(180,000 cited 1993 census)[1]
Dialects
  • Sar
  • Nar
Language codes
ISO 639-3mwm
Glottologsarr1246[2]

Phonology

The consonants are as follows.[3]

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Postalveolar
/Palatal		 Velar
plain implosive plain implosive
Stop/
affricate		 tenuis p t k
voiced b ɓ d ɗ ɡ
prenasalized m͡b n͡d ŋ͡ɡ
Affricate voiced d͡ʒ
prenasalized n͡dʒ
Fricative s
Nasal m n
Liquid oral l ɽ
nasalized ɽ̃
Semi-vowel oral j w
nasalized j̃

Vowels and nasal vowels are as follows:

Front Central Back
Close i ĩ u ũ
Mid e ẽ o õ
ə ɔ
Open a ã

There are three tones.[4][5]

ToneExampleGloss
highɡáŋɡádrum
midmālscavenger
lowjàbə̀hippopotamus
nasal tã sauce

References
  1. Sar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Sar". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. (in French) Fournier, Maurice, Les consonnes du sar, dans Études phonologiques tchadiennes (Jean-Pierre Caprile, éd.), pp. 37-44, Paris, SELAF, 1977, ISBN 2-85297-019-8
  4. (in French) Moundo Ndimajibay, Nei-Balway, Les limites des modifications en sar, dans Études phonologiques tchadiennes (Jean-Pierre Caprile, éd.), pp. 45-58, Paris, SELAF, 1977, ISBN 2-85297-019-8
  5. "PanAfriL10n - PanAfrLoc - Sara". PanAfrican Localisation Resource Wiki. Retrieved 2017-03-07.


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