SHC014-CoV

SHC014-CoV is a SARS-like coronavirus (SL-COV) which infects horseshoe bats (fam. Rhinolophidae), first discovered in China in 2013.[1]

And From April 2011 to September 2012, 117 anal swabs and fecal samples of bats were collected from a Chinese rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus sinicus) colony in Kunming County (Yunnan Province in south-western China). 27 out of 117 samples (23%) contained seven different isolates of a SARS-like coronaviruses, among which were two previously unknown, called RsSHC014 and Rs3367.[1]

In 2015, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Wuhan Institute of Virology conducted research showing the virus could be made to infect the human HeLa cell line, through the use of reverse genetics to create a chimeric virus consisting of a surface protein of SHC014 and the backbone of a SARS virus.[2][3] The SL-SHC014-MA15 version of the virus, primarily engineered to infect mice, has been shown to differ 7% (over 5,000 nucleotides) from SARS-CoV-2, the cause of a human pandemic in 2019–2020.[4] However, more studies must be completed to source credible data considering, in 2013, a study was published with accompanying data, which reports over 99% genomic sequence identies between SHC014-CoV and 3367-CoV and four random human coronaviruses.[1]

References

Ge XY, Li JL, Yang XL, Chmura AA, Zhu G, Epstein JH, et al. (November 2013). "Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor". Nature. 503 (7477): 535–8. Bibcode:2013Natur.503..535G. doi:10.1038/nature12711. PMC 5389864. PMID 24172901.
Menachery VD, Yount BL, Debbink K, Agnihothram S, Gralinski LE, Plante JA, et al. (December 2015). "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence". Nature Medicine. 21 (12): 1508–13. doi:10.1038/nm.3985. PMC 4797993. PMID 26552008.
Butler D (12 November 2015). "Engineered bat virus stirs debate over risky research". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2015.18787.
Liu SL, Saif LJ, Weiss SR, Su L (26 February 2020). "No credible evidence supporting claims of the laboratory engineering of SARS-CoV-2". Emerging Microbes & Infections. 9 (1): 505–507. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1733440. PMC 7054935. PMID 32102621.

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[Ge_et_al_2013-1] Ge XY, Li JL, Yang XL, Chmura AA, Zhu G, Epstein JH, et al. (November 2013). "Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor". Nature. 503 (7477): 535–8. Bibcode:2013Natur.503..535G. doi:10.1038/nature12711. PMC 5389864. PMID 24172901.

[2] Menachery VD, Yount BL, Debbink K, Agnihothram S, Gralinski LE, Plante JA, et al. (December 2015). "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence". Nature Medicine. 21 (12): 1508–13. doi:10.1038/nm.3985. PMC 4797993. PMID 26552008.

[3] Butler D (12 November 2015). "Engineered bat virus stirs debate over risky research". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2015.18787.

[4] Liu SL, Saif LJ, Weiss SR, Su L (26 February 2020). "No credible evidence supporting claims of the laboratory engineering of SARS-CoV-2". Emerging Microbes & Infections. 9 (1): 505–507. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1733440. PMC 7054935. PMID 32102621.