Quintero

Quintero is a Chilean city and commune in Valparaíso Province, in the Valparaíso Region, 30 kilometers north of Valparaíso. The commune spans an area of 147.5 km2 (57 sq mi).[2] It was the first port in the country, created during the expedition of Don Diego de Almagro .

For other uses, see Quintero (disambiguation).

Quintero
City and Commune
Quintero town hall
Quintero
Location in Chile
Coordinates: 32°47′S 71°32′Wcity
CountryChile
RegionValparaíso
ProvinceValparaíso
Founded1536
Government
 • TypeMunicipality
 • AlcaldeMauricio Carrasco Pardo (Ind)
Area
 • Total147.5 km2 (57.0 sq mi)
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Population
 (2012 Census)[2]
 • Total25,299
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
 • Urban
18,719
 • Rural
2,455
Demonym(s)Quinterano
Sex
 • Men10,390
 • Women10,784
Time zoneUTC-4 (CLT[3])
 • Summer (DST)UTC-3 (CLST[4])
Area code(s)56 + 32
WebsiteOfficial website (in Spanish)

History
See also: Cueva del Pirata

The name of the city comes from Alonso Quintero, the Spanish navigator who discovered the bay in 1536 when he arrived on the ship Santiaguillo.

In the early years of 21st century, Quintero has become famous as a symbol of insufficient environmental policies. Since the beginnings of 20th century when an industrialization politics started[5], in the zone were built a thermoelectric coal plant by Chilectra (currently Enel Distribución Chile) and the copper smelter Fundición Ventanas by Codelco in the nearby town of the same name; arriving to this date (2019) to be a zone informally known as Industrial Park Quintero-Puchuncaví, including oil industries, liquefied gas terminals, and chemical industries among others, which has caused the bay and surroundings to be considered a "sacrifice zone"[6]. Multiple protests about the gradual environmental destruction were unsuccessful, until a serious episode of mass poisoning in August of 2018[7][8][9] put a spotlight on the city's situation and its surroundings in Quintero Bay causing investigations by the Senate of Chile[10]. By October of 2019, the situation remains unresolved.[11]

Demographics

According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Quintero had 21,174 inhabitants (10,390 men and 10,784 women). Of these, 18,719 (88.4%) lived in urban areas and 2,455 (11.6%) in rural areas. The population grew by 19% (3,378 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[2] The demonym for a man from Quintero is Quinterano and Quinterana for a woman.

Administration

As a commune, Quintero is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a communal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is José Varas Zuñiga.[1]

Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Quintero is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Mr. Eduardo Cerda (PDC) and Mrs. Andrea Molina (UDI) as part of the 10th electoral district, (together with La Ligua, Petorca, Cabildo, Papudo, Zapallar, Puchuncaví, Nogales, Calera, La Cruz, Quillota and Hijuelas). The commune is represented in the Senate by Ignacio Walker Prieto (PDC) and Lily Pérez San Martín (RN) as part of the 5th senatorial constituency (Valparaíso-Cordillera).

Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Quintero has a warm-summer mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.[12]

Climate data for Quintero
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 21
(70)		 19
(67)		 17
(63)		 16
(60)		 16
(60)		 16
(61)		 17
(62)		 18
(65)		 21
(69)		 22
(71)		 19
(66)
Average low °C (°F) 13
(56)		 13
(56)		 12
(54)		 11
(52)		 10
(50)		 9
(48)		 8
(47)		 8
(47)		 9
(48)		 10
(50)		 11
(52)		 12
(54)		 11
(51)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.5
(0.1)		 2.5
(0.1)		 7.6
(0.3)		 15
(0.6)		 100
(4.1)		 150
(5.9)		 99
(3.9)		 74
(2.9)		 33
(1.3)		 10
(0.4)		 5.1
(0.2)		 5.1
(0.2)		 510
(19.9)
Source: Weatherbase [13]

References
  1. "Municipality of Quintero" (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 August 2010.
  2. "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 August 2010.
  3. "Chile Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on September 11, 2007. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
  4. "Chile Summer Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on September 11, 2007. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
  5. "Historia ambiental de Quintero y Puchuncaví". PRAS Programa para la Recuperación Ambiental y Social. Retrieved November 13, 2019. El Programa para la Recuperación Ambiental y Social PRAS, es una estrategia de trabajo multisectorial, liderada por el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente de Chile.
  6. Labbé, Daniel (July 24, 2019). "Quintero y Puchuncaví, la zona de sacrificio que no logra respirar tranquila". El Ciudadano. Retrieved November 14, 2019. Quintero y Puchuncaví son consideradas zonas de sacrificio. Industrias como ENDESA, COPEC, SHELL, EPOXA, ENAP, GNL, GASMAR, OXIQUIM, CODELCO, CEMENTOS BIO BIO, PUERTO VENTANAS y AES GENER se encuentran emplazados a pocos kilómetros entre Quintero, Ventanas y La Greda, además de las termoeléctricas Ventana I, Ventana II, Nueva Ventanas y Campiche.
  7. Fajardo, Marco (August 29, 2018). "Combinación fatal en Quintero: mezcla de contaminantes, ausencia de normativas y lobby empresarial". El Mostrador. Retrieved November 14, 2019. La crisis ambiental en la zona es fruto de largos años de emisiones por encima de la norma internacional de poderosas empresas (públicas y privadas) en la bahía, que han hecho un intenso y exitoso lobby para seguir funcionando así, y la desidia del Estado, que ha sido incapaz de imponer una ley con estándares internacionales. Así de categórica es la opinión de la comunidad científica que pronostica, que de no actuar seria y drásticamente, las emergencias, cada vez más graves en la zona, serán pan de cada día.
  8. Valdés Gómez, Alberto (October 15, 2018). "Quintero, the Chilean town sacrificed to pollution". EFE. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
  9. "Environmental scandal casts a cloud in Chile". Deutsche Welle. November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
  10. "Contaminación en Quintero-Puchuncaví: exigen a Codelco, Gener y Enap someterse a estudios de impacto ambiental". senado.cl. August 21, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019. Los senadores de la Comisión de Medio Ambiente y de la Región de Valparaíso, junto organizaciones civiles de Zona de Sacrificio Quintero-Puchuncaví exigieron a Codelco División Ventanas someterse de manera voluntaria a un Estudio de Impacto Ambiental y denunciaron amenazas de la empresa a los trabajadores que han alertado el incremento de “gases fugitivos”.
  11. "Jóvenes de Quintero deben cerrar el año escolar por problemas de salud tras episodios de contaminación". CNN Chile. October 16, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019. La contaminación en la zona ha obligado a los adolescentes a dejar de estudiar o cambiar de ciudad para ingresar en otros colegios. Además de presentar malestares físicos, las víctimas también se ven afectadas por la depresión.
  12. Climate Summary for Quintero, Chile
  13. "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Quintero, Chile". Weatherbase. 2011. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.
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