Prime Minister of Punjab
The Prime Minister of Punjab was the head of government and the Leader of the House in the Legislative Assembly of Punjab Province in British India. The position was dissolved upon the Partition of India in 1947.
| Prime Minister of the Punjab in the British Indian Empire | |
|---|---|
 Arms of Punjab | |
 | |
| Style | The Honorable |
| Appointer | Governor of Punjab |
| Formation | 5 April 1937 |
| First holder | Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan |
| Final holder | Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana |
| Abolished | 15 August 1947 |
| Succession | Chief Minister of Punjab (India) and Chief Minister of Punjab (Pakistan) |
History
The office was created under the Government of India Act 1935. The Unionist Party was the principal legislative force in the province. It received support from legislators of the Punjab Muslim League, the Indian National Congress and the Sikh Akali Dal at various periods. The Unionist government implemented agrarian reforms in Punjab by using legal and administrative measures to relieve farmers and peasants of crippling debt. Similar steps were taken by the Prime Minister of Bengal.[1] The Unionists opposed the Quit India movement and supported the Allies during World War II.[2] The Unionists were constitutionalists who favored cooperation with the British to achieve independence from the Raj.
The Unionists signed the Lucknow Pact with the All India Muslim League (AIML) in 1937.[3] The Punjab premier supported the drafting of the Lahore Resolution in 1940. In 1941, the premiers of Punjab and Bengal joined the Viceroy's defence council against the wishes of the AIML. The second Punjab premier joined the Paris Peace Conference in 1946.
Prime Ministers of Punjab (1937-1947)
| No | Name (constituency) | Birth - Death | Image | Took Office | Left Office | Term | Party (Coalition with) | Election (Assembly) | Appointed by | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sikandar Hayat Khan (west punjab, landlord) | 5 June 1892 - 26 December 1942 |  | 5 April 1937 | 26 December 1942 | 5 years, 265 days | Unionist Party | 1937 (1) | Herbert William Emerson | |
| 2 | Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana (khushab) |
7 August 1900 - 20 January 1972 |  | 30 December 1942 | 5 February 1946 | 3 years, 37 days | - (1) | Bertrand Glancy | ||
| (i) | Governor Rule (Bertrand Glancy) | 5 February 1946 | 21 March 1946 | 44 days | - | - | Viscount Wavell | |||
| (2) | Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana (khushab) |
7 August 1900 - 20 January 1972 | |
21 March 1946 | 2 March 1947 | 346 days | Unionist Party (INC and SAD) | 1946 (2) | Bertrand Glancy | |
| (ii) | Governor Rule (Evan Meredith Jenkins) | 2 March 1947 | 15 August 1947 | 166 days | - | - | Earl Mountbatten | |||
Legacy
The office was succeeded by the Chief Minister of Punjab (Pakistan) and Chief Minister of Punjab (India).
See also
References
- Bandyopadhyay, D. (2004-01-01). "Preventable Deaths". Economic and Political Weekly. 39 (30): 3347–3348. JSTOR 4415309.
- Ahmad, Syed Nesar (1991). Origins of Muslim Consciousness in India: a world-system perspective. Greenwood Press. p. 179. ISBN 0-313-27331-6.
- Stanley Wolpert, Jinnah of Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999, pp. 150–151. ISBN 0-19-577389-6