Passandridae

Passandridae, the "parasitic flat bark beetles," are a family of beetles notable for being one of the very few beetle families with larvae that are, as far as known, exclusively ectoparasitic on the immature stages of other beetles and Hymenoptera.[1][2][3]

Passandridae
Taphroscelidia linearis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Superfamily: Cucujoidea
Family: Passandridae
Erichson, 1845
Genera

Ancistria Erichson, 1845
Aulonosoma Motschulsky, 1858
Catogenus Westwood, 1830
Nicolebertia Burck. & Slipinski, 1995
Passandra Dalm. in Schönh., 1817
Passandrella Grouvelle, 1916
Passandrina Reitter, 1878
Scalidiopsis Burck. & Slipinski, 1991
Taphroscelidia Crotch, 1873

Adults are small to moderate sized beetles, 3-35mm, with heavily sclerotized bodies that are either dorso-ventrally compressed (genera occurring under bark) or subcylindrical in cross section (genera inhabiting wood-borer tunnels). Adults are generally brown or black, rarely with a color pattern, with prominent mandibles, confluent gular sutures, thick, moniliform antennae, unequal tibial spurs on the front legs, and generally a characteristic system of grooves and/or carina on the dorsal surface.[4][5]

Larvae are highly modified for their parasitoid habits. First instar larvae are heavily sclerotized, flattened, and spiny. Later instar larvae are physogastric (swollen posteriorly), with simple setae, short unsegmented legs, and reduced mouthparts.[5]

Passandridae consists of 109 described species in nine genera. Only Passandra Dalman occurs in both the Old and New Worlds, being represented in the Neotropical region by a single species, P. fasciata (Gray). The genera Ancistria, Aulonosoma, Nicolebertia, and Passandrina are restricted to the Old World, while Catogenus, Passandrella, Scalidiopsis, and Taphroscelidia are found only in the New World. Only Catogenus and Taphroscelidia occur in the Nearctic. The largest genus is Ancistria, with 34 described species.

References

  1. Dimmock, G. 1884. Notes on Catogenus rufus. Psyche: 341-342.
  2. Fiske, W.F. 1905. Catogenus rufus, a coleopterous parasite. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 7: 90-92.
  3. Gravely, F. H. 1916. Some lignicolous beetle larvae from India and Borneo. Records of the Indian Museum 12: 137-175.
  4. Thomas, M.C. 2002. Family 81. Passandridae Erichson 1845. Pp. 327-328 In: Arnett, R. H., Jr., M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley, and J. H. Frank (editors). 2002. American Beetles. Vol. 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press, Boca Raton. xiv + 861pp.
  5. Burckhardt, D. & S. A. Slipinski. 10.19 Passandridae Blanchard, 1845/Erichson, 1845. p. 363-368. In: Leschen, R.A.B., R.G. Beutel, and J.F. Lawrence. Coleoptera, Beetles. Vol. 2: Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim). Handbook of Zoology. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.
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