Parasteatoda

Parasteatoda is a genus of tangle web spiders first described in 1946.[1] Most species are grayish-brown to blackish-brown, though some are bright orange.[2] The name is combined from Ancient Greek para "beside, near" and the theridiid genus Steatoda. The Japanese name for this genus is O-himogumo zoku ("thread silk spider family").[2]

Parasteatoda
P. japonica, female
P. japonica, male
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Theridiidae
Genus: Parasteatoda
Archer, 1946
Type species
Parasteatoda tepidariorum
Species
43, see text

Distribution

This is mostly an Old World genus, with many species found in Asia and New Guinea, but reaching into Europe. Few species originate from the New World, but many have been introduced and are becoming more widespread in the Americas and Europe.

Species

As of February 2019 this genus contains 43 species:[3]

female P. lunata
female P. tepidariorum
  • Parasteatoda aequipeiformis Yang, Irfan & Peng, 2019 — China
  • Parasteatoda angulithorax (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) — Russia, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
  • Parasteatoda asiatica (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) — China, Korea, Japan
  • Parasteatoda brookesiana (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) — India, Philippines
  • Parasteatoda camura (Simon, 1877) — Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Islands
  • Parasteatoda celsadomina (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda cingulata (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda corrugata Yoshida, 2016 — Japan
  • Parasteatoda culicivora (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) — China, Japan
  • Parasteatoda daliensis (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda decorata (L. Koch, 1867) — Krakatau, New Guinea, Queensland
  • Parasteatoda ducta (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda galeiforma (Zhu, Zhang & Xu, 1991) — China
  • Parasteatoda gui (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda hammeni (Chrysanthus, 1963) — New Guinea
  • Parasteatoda hatsushibai Yoshida, 2009 — Japan
  • Parasteatoda jinghongensis (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda kaindi (Levi, Lubin & Robinson, 1982) — New Guinea
  • Parasteatoda kentingensis Yoshida, 2015 — Taiwan
  • Parasteatoda kompirensis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) — China, Korea, Japan
  • Parasteatoda lanyuensis (Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 2000) — Taiwan
  • Parasteatoda longiducta (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda lunata (Clerck, 1757) — Palearctic
    • Parasteatoda lunata serrata (Franganillo, 1930) — Cuba
  • Parasteatoda merapiensis Yoshida & Takasuka, 2011 — Java
  • Parasteatoda nigrovittata (Keyserling, 1884) — Mexico to Argentina
  • Parasteatoda oxymaculata (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda palmata Gao & Li, 2014 — China
  • Parasteatoda polygramma (Kulczynski, 1911) — New Guinea
  • Parasteatoda quadrimaculata (Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 2000) — Taiwan
  • Parasteatoda ryukyu (Yoshida, 2000) — Japan, Ryukyu Islands
  • Parasteatoda simulans (Thorell, 1875) — Palearctic
  • Parasteatoda songi (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda subtabulata (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda subvexa (Zhu, 1998) — China
  • Parasteatoda tabulata (Levi, 1980) — Tropical Asia. Introduced to North America, Europe, Georgia, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan
  • Parasteatoda taiwanica Yoshida, 2015 — Taiwan
  • Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C. L. Koch, 1841) — South America. Introduced to Canada, USA, Seychelles, Europe, Turkey, Caucasis, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Japan, New Zealand, Hawaii
    • Parasteatoda tepidariorum australis (Thorell, 1895) — New Guinea, Myanmar, Pakistan
  • Parasteatoda transipora (Zhu & Zhang, 1992) — China
  • Parasteatoda triangula (Yoshida, 1993) — Singapore, Java, Bali
  • Parasteatoda valoka (Chrysanthus, 1975) — New Guinea, New Britain
  • Parasteatoda vervoorti (Chrysanthus, 1975) — New Guinea
  • Parasteatoda wangi Jin & Zhang, 2013 — China
  • Parasteatoda wau (Levi, Lubin & Robinson, 1982) — New Guinea

References
  1. Archer, A. F. (1946). "The Theridiidae or comb-footed spiders of Alabama". Museum Paper, Alabama Museum of Natural History. 22: 1–67.
  2. Yoshida, H. (2008). "A revision of the genus Achaearanea (Araneae: Theridiidae)". Acta Arachnologica. 57: 37–40.
  3. "Gen. Parasteatoda Archer, 1946". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
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