Parakysis

Parakysis is a genus of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Akysidae. It includes six species.[1]

Parakysis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Akysidae
Subfamily: Parakysinae
Genus: Parakysis
Herre, 1940
Type species
Parakysis verrucosa
Herre, 1940

Distribution

Parakysis species are found in small forest streams of Sundaic Southeast Asia.[2] P. anomalopteryx originates from the Kapuas River basin in western Borneo. P. grandis inhabits the Kapuas and Kuching River basins in Borneo and Deli, Indragiri, and Batang Hari basins in Sumatra. P. longirostris is distributed in Singapore, peninsular Malaysia, and the Riau Archipelago. P. verrucosus is known from Peninsular Malaysia and the Riau Archipelago.[3] The discovery of P. notialis in 2003 expanded the known range of Parakysis species to the Barito River basin in southern Borneo.[2]

Description

They are cryptically colored fishes that have a highly rugose skin with tubercles all over the body, branched mandibular barbels, a long, low adipose ridge, and a forked caudal fin.[2] Parakysis species characteristically have pigmented tubercles and lateral lobes of the lower lip. They are also distinguished from Akysis by well-developed barbels, absence of teeth on the palatine, non-serrated pectoral and dorsal spines, and the apparent absent of the lateral line.[4] They range in size from 2.0–6.2 centimetres (.8–2.4 in) SL.[5][6][7][8][9]

Ecology

P. anomalopteryx is found in small forest streams.[5] P. longirostris is nocturnal and occurs in clumps of vegetation in streams with flowing waters. It is sympatric with P. verrucosus.[7] P. verrucosus is found in primary peat streams with dense litter falls.[9]

Species

References
  1. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2014). Species of Parakysis in FishBase. June 2014 version.
  2. Ng, Heok Hee; Kottelat, Maurice (2003). "Parakysis notialis, a new species of akysid catfish from Borneo (Siluriformes: Akysidae)" (PDF). Ichthyological Research. 50: 48–51. doi:10.1007/s102280300006. hdl:2027.42/42446.
  3. Ferraris, Carl J. Jr. (2007). "Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1418: 1–628. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1418.1.1.
  4. Vishwanath, W.; Linthoingambi, I.; Juliana, L. (2007). "Fishes of the genus Akysis Bleeker from India (Teleostei: Akysidae)". Zoos' Print Journal. 22 (5): 2675–2678. doi:10.11609/jott.zpj.1547.2675-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-29. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
  5. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Parakysis anomalopteryx" in FishBase. July 2007 version.
  6. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Parakysis grandis" in FishBase. July 2007 version.
  7. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Parakysis longirostrkis" in FishBase. July 2007 version.
  8. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Parakysis notialis" in FishBase. July 2007 version.
  9. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Parakysis verrucosus" in FishBase. July 2007 version.
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