North American Man/Boy Love Association

The North American Man/Boy Love Association (NAMBLA) is a pedophilia and pederasty advocacy organization in the United States. It works to abolish age-of-consent laws criminalizing adult sexual involvement with minors[2][3] and campaigns for the release of men who have been jailed for sexual contacts with minors that did not involve what it considers coercion.[2][4] The group no longer holds regular national meetings, and as of the late 1990s—to avoid local police infiltration—the organization discouraged the formation of local chapters.[4][5] Around 1995, an undercover detective discovered there were 1,100 people on the organization's rolls.[4] NAMBLA was the largest group in IPCE, an international pro-pedophile activist organization.[6] Since then, the organization has dwindled to only a handful of people, with many members joining online pedophile networks, according to Xavier Von Erck, director of operations at the anti-pedophile organization Perverted-Justice.[7] As of 2005, a newspaper report stated that NAMBLA was based in New York and San Francisco.[4]

North American Man/Boy Love Association
A NAMBLA logo. The capital M and lowercase b symbolize a man and a boy.
FoundedDecember 2, 1978 (1978-12-02)[1]
FounderDavid Thorstad
TypeUnincorporated association
FocusPedophile and pederasty activism
Location
Area served
North America

History

Events such as Anita Bryant's 1977 "Save Our Children" campaign and a police raid of a Toronto-area newspaper, The Body Politic, for publishing "Men Loving Boys Loving Men" set the stage for the founding of NAMBLA.[5]

In December 1977, police raided a house in the Boston suburb Revere. Twenty-four men were arrested and indicted on over 100 felony counts of the statutory rape of boys aged eight to fifteen.[8] Suffolk County District Attorney Garrett H. Byrne found the men had used drugs and video games to lure the boys into a house, where they photographed them as they engaged in sexual activity. The men were members of a "sex ring"; Byrne said the arrest was "the tip of the iceberg".[9][10][5] Commenting on this issue, Boston magazine described NAMBLA as "the most despised group of men in America", which was "founded mostly by eccentric, boy-loving leftists".[5] The "Boston-Boise Committee", a gay rights organization, was formed in response to these events (which they termed the "Boston witch-hunt"), allegedly in order to promote solidarity amongst gay men, saying in an official leaflet that: "The closet is weak. There is strength in unity and openness."[11] NAMBLA's founding was inspired by this organization.[11] It was co-founded by historian David Thorstad.[12]

In 1982, a NAMBLA member was falsely linked to the disappearance of Etan Patz. Although the accusation was groundless, the negative publicity was disastrous to the organization.[13] NAMBLA published a book A Witchhunt Foiled: The FBI vs. NAMBLA, which documented these events.[14] In testimony before the United States Senate, NAMBLA was exonerated from criminal activities; it said, "It is the pedophile with no organized affiliations who is the real threat to children".[15]

Mike Echols, the author of I Know My First Name Is Steven, infiltrated NAMBLA and recorded his observations in his book, which was published in 1991. Echols published the names, addresses and telephone numbers of eighty suspected NAMBLA members on his website, which led to death threats being made to people who were not members of the organization.[5]

Onell R. Soto, a San Diego Union-Tribune writer, wrote in February 2005, "Law enforcement officials and mental health professionals say that while NAMBLA's membership numbers are small, the group has a dangerous ripple effect through the Internet by sanctioning the behavior of those who would abuse children".[4]

ILGA controversy
Main article: International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association § Controversy and loss of UN consultative status

In 1993, the International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) achieved United Nations consultative status. NAMBLA's membership in ILGA drew heavy criticism and caused the suspension of ILGA. Many gay organizations called for the ILGA to dissolve ties with NAMBLA. Republican Senator Jesse Helms proposed a bill to withhold US$119 million in UN contributions until U.S. President Bill Clinton could certify that no UN agency grants any official status to organizations that condoned pedophilia.[16] The bill was unanimously approved by Congress and signed into law by Clinton in April 1994.[17]

In 1994, ILGA expelled NAMBLA— the first U.S.-based organization to be a member[12]—as well as Vereniging Martijn and Project Truth,[17] because they were judged to be "groups whose predominant aim is to support or promote pedophilia". Although ILGA removed NAMBLA, the UN reversed its decision to grant ILGA special consultative status. Repeated attempts by ILGA to regain special status with the UN succeeded in 2006.[18]

Partially in response to the NAMBLA situation,[17] Gregory King of the Human Rights Campaign later said, "NAMBLA is not a gay organization ... they are not part of our community and we thoroughly reject their efforts to insinuate that pedophilia is an issue related to gay and lesbian civil rights".[19] NAMBLA said, "man/boy love is by definition homosexual", that "the Western homosexual tradition from Socrates to Wilde to Gide ... [and] many non Western homo sexualities from New Guinea and Persia to the Zulu and the Japanese" were formed by pederasty, that "man/boy lovers are part of the gay movement and central to gay history and culture", and that "homosexuals denying that it is 'not gay' to be attracted to adolescent boys are just as ludicrous as heterosexuals saying it's 'not heterosexual' to be attracted to adolescent girls".[19]

Curley v. NAMBLA
Main article: Curley v. NAMBLA

In 2000, a Boston couple, Robert and Barbara Curley, sued NAMBLA for the wrongful death of their son. According to the suit, defendants Charles Jaynes and Salvatore Sicari, who were convicted of murdering the Curleys' son Jeffrey, "stalked ... tortured, murdered and mutilated [his] body on or about October 1, 1997. Upon information and belief immediately prior to said acts Charles Jaynes accessed NAMBLA's website at the Boston Public Library."[20] The lawsuit said, "NAMBLA serves as a conduit for an underground network of pedophiles in the United States who use their NAMBLA association and contacts therein and the Internet to obtain and promote pedophile activity".[20] Jaynes wrote in his diary, "This was a turning point in discovery of myself ... NAMBLA's Bulletin helped me to become aware of my own sexuality and acceptance of it ... ".[21]

Citing cases in which NAMBLA members were convicted of sexual offenses against children, Larry Frisoli, the attorney representing the Curleys, said the organization is a "training ground" for adults who wish to seduce children, in which men exchange strategies to find and groom child sex partners. Frisoli also said NAMBLA has sold on its website "The Rape and Escape Manual", which gave details about the avoidance of capture and prosecution.[22] The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) stepped in to defend NAMBLA as a free speech matter;[23] it won a dismissal because NAMBLA is organized as an unincorporated association rather than a corporation. John Reinstein, the director of the ACLU Massachusetts, said although NAMBLA "may extol conduct which is currently illegal", there was nothing on its website that "advocated or incited the commission of any illegal acts, including murder or rape".[24]

A NAMBLA founder said the case would "break our backs, even if we win, which we will".[5] Media reports from 2006 said that for practical purposes the group no longer exists and that it consists only of a web site maintained by a few enthusiasts.[5] The Curleys continued the suit as a wrongful death action against individual NAMBLA members, some of whom were active in the group's leadership. The targets of the wrongful death suits included David Thorstad, a co-founder of NAMBLA. The lawsuit was dropped in April 2008 after a judge ruled that a key witness was not competent to testify.[25]

Opposition

The first documented opposition to NAMBLA from LGBT organizations occurred at the conference that organized the first gay march on Washington in 1979.[26] In 1980, a group, called the Lesbian Caucus, distributed a flyer urging women to split from the annual New York City Gay Pride March, because according to the group, the organizing committee had been dominated by NAMBLA and its supporters.[26] The next year, after some lesbians threatened to picket, the Cornell University group Gay People at Cornell (Gay PAC) rescinded its invitation to NAMBLA founder David Thorstad to be the keynote speaker at the annual May Gay Festival.[26] In the following years, gay rights groups tried to block NAMBLA’s participation in gay pride parades, prompting leading gay rights figure Harry Hay to wear a sign proclaiming "NAMBLA walks with me" as he participated in a 1986 gay pride march in Los Angeles.[27]

By the mid-1980s, NAMBLA was virtually alone in its positions and found itself politically isolated.[28] Support for "groups perceived as being on the fringe of the gay community," such as NAMBLA, vanished in the process.[28] In 1994, a New York LGBT rights group called Stonewall 25 voted to ban NAMBLA from its international march on the United Nations in June of that year, accusing the religious right in the US for conflating child abuse and pedophilia for "twisted interests".[29]

In 1994, NAMBLA was again banned from the march commemorating Stonewall. Instead, members of NAMBLA and the Gay Liberation Front formed their own competing march called "The Spirit of Stonewall".[30] The Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) adopted a document called "Position Statement Regarding NAMBLA", which said GLAAD "deplores the North American Man Boy Love Association's (NAMBLA) goals, which include advocacy for sex between adult men and boys and the removal of legal protections for children. These goals constitute a form of child abuse and are repugnant to GLAAD."[31] Also in 1994 the Board of Directors of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (NGLTF) adopted a resolution on NAMBLA that said, "NGLTF condemns all abuse of minors, both sexual and any other kind, perpetrated by adults. Accordingly, NGLTF condemns the organizational goals of NAMBLA and any other such organization."[31]

In April 2013, the hacktivist group Anonymous prevented NAMBLA's website from being accessed as part of an operation dubbed "Operation Alice Day".[32][33] The timing of the attack coincided with Alice Day, a Pedophilia Pride Day celebrated by a small group of pedophiles and their supporters on April 25.[34][35][36]

Support

Allen Ginsberg, poet and father of the Beat Generation, was an affiliated member of NAMBLA.[37] Claiming to have joined the organization "in defense of free speech",[38] Ginsberg said: "Attacks on NAMBLA stink of politics, witchhunting for profit, humorlessness, vanity, anger and ignorance ... I'm a member of NAMBLA because I love boys too—everybody does, who has a little humanity".[39] He appeared in Chicken Hawk: Men Who Love Boys, produced and directed by Adi Sideman, a documentary in which members of NAMBLA were interviewed and presented defenses of the organization.[40]

Pat Califia argued that politics played an important role in the gay community's rejection of NAMBLA.[41] Califia has since withdrawn much of his earlier support for the association, though still maintaining that discussing an issue does not constitute criminal activity.[42]

Associated individuals
  • Bill Andriette, journalist. He joined NAMBLA at the age of 15 and edited the NAMBLA Bulletin for six years.[43]
  • Allen Ginsberg was a defender of NAMBLA and a member.[1]
  • David Thorstad, founding member.[44]
  • Harry Hay, prominent LGBT rights activist. Hay supported NAMBLA's inclusion in gay pride parades[30] and publicly addressed their meetings in support of the organisation.[45]

See also

References
  1. Haggerty, George (2000). Gay histories and cultures: an encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. pp. 627–628. ISBN 978-0-8153-1880-4. Archived from the original on 2016-04-13. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
  2. Holmes, Ronald M.; Stephen T. Holmes (2002). Current perspectives on sex crimes. SAGE. p. 165. ISBN 0-7619-2416-7.
  3. M DeYoung (March 1989). "The World According to NAMBLA: Accounting for Deviance". Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. 16: 111–126.
  4. Soto, Onell R. (2005). 'FBI targets pedophilia advocates: Little-known group promotes 'benevolent' sex Archived 2005-03-25 at the Wayback Machine', San Diego Union-Tribune, 18 February.
  5. Denizet-Lewis, Benoit (May 2001). "Boy Crazy". Boston. Archived from the original on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2009-10-07.
  6. Whitfield, Charles L.; Silberg, Joyanna L.; Fink, Paul Jay (2001). Misinformation Concerning Child Sexual Abuse and Adult Survivors. Haworth Maltreatment & Trauma Press. p. 129. ISBN 9780789019004.
  7. Pearl, Mike (March 25, 2016). "Whatever Happened to NAMBLA, America's Paedophilia Advocates?". VICE US. Archived from the original on March 29, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  8. "The Boston/Boise Affair, 1977-78. (Essay). - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Archived from the original on 2019-04-27. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
  9. Mitzel, John (1980). The Boston sex scandal. Glad Day Books. ISBN 0-915480-15-8.
  10. Aloisi, James (2012). "The Bonin story : the persecution of a Chief Justice and the lesson for today". Archived from the original on 2019-04-27. Retrieved 2019-04-27.
  11. "Gay Community Fights Back (1978)". We Raise Our Voices. Northeastern University. Archived from the original on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2010-08-26.
  12. Gay histories and cultures: an encyclopedia Archived 2016-04-13 at the Wayback Machine By George E. Haggerty p. 628
  13. Jenkins, Philip (2004). Moral Panic: Changing Concepts of the Child Molester in Modern America. Yale University Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-300-10963-4. Retrieved 2010-09-02.
  14. Kennedy, Hubert (1986-05-13). "A Witch-hunt foiled: The FBI vs. NAMBLA". The Advocate (446): 54. book review
  15. Gay histories and cultures: an encyclopedia by George E. Haggerty, p. 627
  16. Abrams, Jim (January 26, 1994). "Senate demands U.N. end ties with NAMBLA". Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 23, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
  17. Michelle A. Gibson; Jonathan Alexander; Deborah T. Meem (14 February 2013). Finding Out: An Introduction to LGBT Studies: An Introduction to LGBT Studies. SAGE Publications. p. 141. ISBN 978-1-4833-1572-0. Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  18. "Economic and Social Council Approves Consultative Status for Three Non-Governmental Organizations Focusing on Gay, Lesbian Rights, Economic and Social Council ECOSOC/6242, December 11, 2006". Un.org. Archived from the original on July 5, 2009. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
  19. Gamson, Joshua (1 January 1997). "Messages of Exclusion: Gender, Movements, and Symbolic Boundaries". Gender and Society. 11 (2): 178–199. doi:10.1177/089124397011002003. JSTOR 190542.
  20. "Curley v. NAMBLA". Thecpac.com. Archived from the original on June 6, 2002. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
  21. From CNN & Time Correspondent Kathy Slobogin (January 5, 2001). "Parents of murdered child sue child-sex advocates - January 8, 2001". Edition.cnn.com. Archived from the original on August 12, 2009. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
  22. Murdock, Deroy (February 27, 2004). "No Boy Scouts: The ACLU defends NAMBLA". National Review Online. Archived from the original on February 29, 2004. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  23. "ACLU Statement on Defending the Free Speech of Unpopular Organizations". American Civil Liberties Union. August 31, 2000. Archived from the original on July 26, 2015. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  24. Reinstein, John. "ACLU Agrees to Represent NAMBLA in Freedom of Speech Case." ACLU of Massachusetts Press Release, 9 June 2003.
  25. Saltzman, Jonathan. Curley family drops case against NAMBLA Archived 2008-11-18 at the Wayback Machine, The Boston Globe, April 23, 2008
  26. Thorstad, David (February 1990), "Man/Boy Love and the American Gay Movement", Journal of Homosexuality, Routledge, 20 (1 & 2): 251–274, doi:10.1300/J082v20n01_15, ISSN 0091-8369, PMID 2086634, archived from the original on 2016-06-12, retrieved 2016-08-17
  27. Hogan, Steve and Lee Hudson (1998). Completely Queer: The Gay and Lesbian Encyclopedia. New York, Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 0-8050-3629-6.
  28. Johnson, Matthew D. (2015). NAMBLA Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine on glbtq.com. Archived from the original Archived 2005-10-27 at the Wayback Machine (2004)
  29. Mills, Kim I. (February 14, 1994). "Gays tell abusers they're unwelcome". Bangor Daily News. Archived from the original on October 8, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
  30. Bronski, Michael (2002-11-07). "The real Harry Hay". The Phoenix. Archived from the original on 2009-05-30. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  31. Wooledge, Scott (December 11, 2011). "Who dropped the ball discussing the Pennsylvania State scandal?". Daily Kos. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
  32. "Anonymous Operation Alice Day". Youtube. anon2world. 22 April 2013. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017.
  33. "Operation Alice Day : Child abusers will not celebrate this year". anoninsiders.net. Archived from the original on 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2015-08-03.
  34. Feinberg, Ashley. "Anonymous Just Took Down NAMBLA's Homepage to Protest Pedophilia Pride Day". Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-08-03.
  35. Fleishman, Cooper (2013-04-24). "Anonymous is targeting every pedophile hub on the Web". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on 2015-07-07. Retrieved 2015-08-03.
  36. "Alice Day". Snopes.com. 2015-04-20. Retrieved 2015-08-03.
  37. Jacobs, Andrea (2002). "Allen Ginsberg's advocacy of pedophilia debated in community". Intermountain Jewish News. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  38. O'Donnell, Ian; Milner, Claire (2012). Child Pornography: Crime, Computers and Society. Routledge. pp. 12–13. ISBN 9781135846350. Archived from the original on 2016-05-13. Retrieved 2019-11-29.
  39. Thrift, Matt (22 January 2020). "Pedophiles on display". My TJ Now.
  40. Holden, Stephen (1994-07-08). "FILM REVIEW; Men Who Love Boys Explain Themselves". New York Times. Archived from the original on 2010-06-26. Retrieved 2010-09-01.
  41. Califa, Pat (1994). "The Aftermath of the Great Kiddy-Porn Panic of '77," The Culture of Radical Sex Archived 2015-10-02 at the Wayback Machine. Pittsburgh, Pa.: Cleis Press.
  42. "Radical Transformation, Writer Patrick Califia-Rice has long explored the fringes. Now the former lesbian S/M activist is exploring life as a man, San Francisco Chronicle, Rona Marech, October 27, 2000". Sfgate.com. October 27, 2000. Archived from the original on July 4, 2009. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
  43. Lowenthal, Michael (1996-10-24). "The Boy-lover Next Door". The Boston Phoenix. The Phoenix Media/Communications Group. Archived from the original on 2011-05-05. Retrieved 2010-10-05.
  44. Kennedy, Hubert (1991). "Sexual Hysteria—Then and Now". OurStories. Gay and Lesbian Historical Society of Northern California. pp. 17–18. A former president of New York’s Gay Activists Alliance and a founding member of the North American Man/Boy Love Association (NAMBLA), Thorstad is uniquely qualified to write on this topic.
  45. Weir, John (23 August 1994), "Mad about the boys", The Advocate, Here Publishing, p. 37, ISSN 0001-8996

Further reading
  • Art Cohen, "The Boston-Boise Affair", Gay and Lesbian Review Worldwide, Vol. 10, No. 2. March–April, 2003.
  • John Mitzel, The Boston Sex Scandal, Boston, Glad Day Books, 1981.
  • Stuart Timmons, The Trouble with Harry Hay: Founder of the Modern Gay Movement, Alyson Pubns, 1990.
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