Nelarabine

Nelarabine is a chemotherapy drug used in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It was previously known as 506U78.

Nelarabine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
    Routes of
    administration
    Intravenous
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    Pharmacokinetic data
    Bioavailabilityn/a
    Protein binding<25%
    MetabolismBy adenosine deaminase, to 9-β-D-arabinofuranosylguanine
    Elimination half-life30 minutes (nelarabine)
    3 hours (ara-G)
    ExcretionRenal
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    IUPHAR/BPS
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    UNII
    KEGG
    ChEMBL
    CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
    ECHA InfoCard100.170.768
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC11H15N5O5
    Molar mass297.271 g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
     NY (what is this?)  (verify)

    Nelarabine is a prodrug of arabinosylguanine nucleotide triphosphate (araGTP), a type of purine nucleoside analog, which causes inhibition of DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity.[1] Pre-clinical studies suggest that T-cells are particularly sensitive to nelarabine. In October 2005, it was approved by the FDA for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma that has not responded to or has relapsed following treatment with at least two chemotherapy regimens.[2] It was later approved in the European Union in October 2005. Complete responses have been achieved with this medication.

    It is marketed in the US as Arranon and as Atriance in the EU by Novartis.[3]

    References

    1. "Nelarabine". Guide to Pharmacology. IUPHAR/BPS. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
    2. Cohen MH, Johnson JR, Justice R, Pazdur R (June 2008). "FDA drug approval summary: nelarabine (Arranon) for the treatment of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma". The Oncologist. 13 (6): 709–14. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2006-0017. PMID 18586926.
    3. "Atriance". Novartis Oncology.
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