Muhammad I of Córdoba

Muhammad was born in Córdoba. His reign was marked by several revolts and separatist movements of the Muladi (Muslims of ethnic Iberian origin) and Mozarabs (Christians living in the Muslim controlled areas).

The Banu Qasi Muladi family, led by Musa ibn Musa, allied with the Arista family of the Kingdom of Navarre, and rebelled, proclaiming himself "third king of Spain" (after Muhammad and Ordoño I of Asturias). The rebel Umayyad officer Ibn Marwan returned to Mérida and also rebelled against the emir who, unable to quash the revolt, allowed him to found a free city (Badajoz, in what is now the Spanish region of Extremadura) in 875. Finally, Toledo rebelled with the support of Ordoño I, but was defeated in the battle of Guazalete.

In 880 Umar ibn Hafsun, a man of probable Visigothic origin, also started a revolt which was only suppressed in 928, under Abd ar-Rahman III ibn Muhammad.

Muhammad I died in 886, being succeeded by his son al-Mundhir ibn Muhammad I.

• Altamira, Rafael (1999). "Il califfato occidentale". Storia del mondo medievale. II. pp. 477–515.
• Calmet, Augustin, 1672-1757. (1767). Histoire Universelle, Sacrée Et Profane. Chez Jean Renauld Doulssecker. OCLC 314190685.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)