Manfred (Schumann)

Manfred: Dramatic Poem with Music in Three Parts (Opus 115) [German: Manfred. Dramatisches Gedicht in drei Abtheilungen], is a work of incidental music by Robert Schumann. The work is based on the 1817 poem Manfred by Lord Byron and consists of an overture, an entracte, melodramas, and several solos and choruses.[1]

For other uses, see Manfred (disambiguation).
Original title page for Robert Schumann's Manfred, Op.115

Written primarily in 1848, it was first performed at the Gewandhaus concert at Leipzig on March 14, 1852.[2] The most highly regarded piece in the work is the Overture. Composer Hugo Wolf wrote that the work "has brought the essence, the focal point of the drama to plastic expression with the simplest strokes."[3] Music historian Peter Ostwald wrote that the Overture was written during a time when Schumann was facing "exquisite suffering" from "inner voices," or auditory hallucinations.[4]

See also

References
  1. Tunbridge, Laura (2003). Schumann's Manfred in the mental theatre. Cambridge Opera Journal, 15: 153-183 doi:10.1017/S0954586703001678
  2. Niecks, Frederick (1978). Robert Schumann. AMS Press, ISBN 978-0-404-13065-7
  3. Daverio, John (1997). Robert Schumann: herald of a "new poetic age." Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-509180-9
  4. Ostwald, Peter F. (1987). Schumann: The Inner Voices of a Musical Genius. UPNE, ISBN 978-1-55553-014-3
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