List of fictional astronauts (early period)

The following is a list of fictional astronauts as imagined before the Space Age. The astronauts on this list appear in stories released prior to or shortly after the inception of Project Mercury in 1958.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Lists of fictional astronauts
Early period Project Mercury Project Gemini
Project Apollo 1975–1989 1990–1999
2000–2009 2010–2019 Moon
Inner Solar System Outer Solar System Other
To infinity and beyond
Poster for Woman in the Moon (1929 silent film)

Early period
Name(s) Appeared in Program / Mission / Spacecraft Fictional date
Georg Manfeldt, Prof.
Walter "Walt" Turner
Wolf Helius (Engineer)
Friede Velten (Student Astronomer)
Hans Windegger (Engineer)		 Woman in the Moon (1929), silent film Friede Contemporary?
First film depiction of a Moon rocket and of a countdown. Checkerboard design and Frau-im-Mond logo later to appear on A4 rockets.[1][2][3][4]
Harrison (US) (Captain/Astronomer)
Dick Jarvis (US) (Chemist)
Pierre Leroy (France) (Biologist)
Karl Putz (Germany) (Engineer)		 "A Martian Odyssey" (1934), "Valley of Dreams" (1934), short stories Ares 21st century
First men on Mars; landing site in Mare Cimmerium. Cardoza made first voyage to Moon ten years earlier; "de Lancey flight" to Venus was unsuccessful.[5][6][7]
Pavel Ivanovich Sedikh (Scientist)
Marina (Assistant)		 Kosmicheskiy reys (1935), film Soviet Union 1946
Scientist and assistant are joined by young stowaway on first voyage to Moon.[8]
Gloria Mundi:
Dale Curtance (Commander/Pilot)
Geoffrey Dugan (Assistant Pilot/Navigator)
James Burns (Engineer)
Froud (Journalist) (no first name given)
"Doc" Grayson, Dr. (Physician/Biologist) (no first name given)
Joan Shirning (Stowaway)

Tovaritch:
Karaminoff, Commissar (Commander) (no first name given)
Vasiloff (no first name given)
Six unnamed crewmembers

US spacecraft:
Unnamed crewmembers		 Planet Plane (a.k.a. Stowaway to Mars, The Space Machine) (1935), novel Gloria Mundi (UK)

Tovaritch (Soviet Union)

Unnamed spacecraft (Keuntz company, US)		 March 9, 1981 – October 1982
Space travelers compete for "Keuntz Prize" for first successful interplanetary journey. Duncan, K. K. Smith and Sudden were first to reach the Moon but crashed fatally on lunar surface. Richard Drivers flew around the Moon and returned to Earth in 1969, but later died with unnamed crewmate in attempt to reach Venus. Jornsen crashed in Pacific Ocean; Simpson piloted Keuntz company rocket which exploded near Chicago with great loss of life on the ground. Launch of Gloria Mundi from Salisbury Plain on October 12, 1981; landing south of Martian equator; return to Earth in North Africa on April 7, 1982. Gloria II later disappeared with Curtance, Froud and unnamed crewmates while attempting to reach Venus.[9]
Burns, Prof. (no first name given)
Lee Baron (Balloonist)		 "Once Around the Moon" (1937), short story N/A Contemporary
Professor and balloonist are launched by space gun to circumnavigate the Moon.[10]
Unnamed (President/Secretary/Treasurer)
Ivan Schnitzel (Photographer)
Isaac Guzzbaum (Auditor)
Eric Wobblewit (Humourist)
Two unnamed crewmembers		 "How We Went to Mars" (1938), short story Snoring-in-the-Hay Rocket Society (UK):
Pride of the Galaxy		 April 1952
Amateur crew of first manned spaceflight accidentally reach Mars. Landing near Solis Lacus.[11]
Luna Spaceport:
DeWitt, Maj. (Commander) (no first name given)
John Tallentyre, Maj. (Second-in-command)
Noel Crispin (File clerk)
Ernie Moessner (Mechanic)

Ship Number Six:
Waddell (Spacehand, first-class, acting skipper) (no first name given)
Unnamed crewmember

Ship Number Forty-Two:
O'Hara (Spacehand) (no first name given)
Unnamed crewmembers

Ship Number Forty-Five:
Dague (Engineer) (no first name given)
Ethel (Stowaway) (no last name given)
Unnamed crewmembers

Ship Number Sixty-One:
Sturgis Riser, Capt. (Skipper)
Joe Moessner
Three unnamed crewmembers

World League Police:
Baynes, Inspector
Dunlap, Constable (no first names given)

Mars base:
Grayson (Commander)
Hudson (no first names given)		 "Men Against the Stars" (1938), short story World League
Rocket Service:
Luna Spaceport
Ships Number One to Sixty-One
Mars base		 1998
Rockets to Mars repeatedly explode due to unstable atomic hydrogen fuel developed by scientist Joseph Moessner. Moessner's younger brother was killed in 1961 trying to reach the Moon; Luna Port was built in 1996, with launches to Mars commencing in 1997. Only four of first fifty-six ships landed safely on Mars. Joe Moessner replaces Riser as skipper of Number Sixty-One.[12][13]
John Harman "Trends" (1939), short story Prometheus

New Prometheus		 July 14, 1973 – April 1978[lower-alpha 1]
Harman makes the first circumnavigation of the Moon in the face of intense religious and governmental opposition.[15][16]
James "Mac" McIntyre, Capt. (Pilot)
Charles "Charlie" Cummings (Engineer)
Delos David "D. D." Harriman[lower-alpha 2] (Passenger)		 "Requiem" (1940), short story Lunatic c. 1980s/1990s
The elderly Harriman, the man whose company made space travel possible, makes one last attempt to fulfill his lifelong dream of traveling to the Moon. Part of Robert Heinlein's "Future History" series.[17][18]
Farley (last name not given) "The Rocket of 1955" (1941?), short short story Unknown 1955
Mars-bound astronaut, who discovers too late that his spacecraft is the product of a gigantic confidence trick; killed when it explodes during liftoff.[19][20]
Erik Vane
Michael (no last name given)
Lida (no last name given)		 "Space Episode" (1941), short story Ares Future
Attempt to reach Mars is aborted by meteor impact.[21][22][23]
Chamberlain, Dr. (Atomic scientist)
Russell, Maj. (US Army)
Reynolds, Maj. (Communications)		 Arch Oboler's Plays
Rocket from Manhattan (1945), radio play		 XR-1 September 20, 2000
Crew returning from first manned moon expedition witnesses atomic war break out on Earth. Chamberlain is a former Manhattan Project scientist. Adapted into 1956 play Night of the Auk (q.v.).[24][25]
R. S. Goshawk:
Hicks (Captain)
"Noisy" Rhysling (Jetman, Second Class)
Unnamed personnel

Falcon:
Unnamed captain
Unnamed Master-at-Arms
Archie Macdougal (Chief Jetman)
Unnamed personnel		 "The Green Hills of Earth" (1947), short story Harriman Company/Trust (Hawk-class):
R. S. Goshawk
Falcon (passenger vessel)		 c. 1980s – 2000s
After losing his sight in shipboard accident, Rhysling becomes the "Blind Singer of the Spaceways". Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series. Adapted into Dimension X episode in 1950, featuring additional Goshawk crewmen named Mike Hertzmann (a wiper, later Chief Jetman on the Falcon) and "Jimmy Legs" Casey (the bosun).[26][27][28]
David (no last name given) "Inheritance" (1947), short story A.15
A.20 (David/Goliath)
A.21		 Near Future
Welsh test pilot on suborbital rocket flights from Atlas Mountains in Africa.[29]
Lewis Taine (US)
Pierre Leduc (France)
James Richards (UK)
Victor Hassell (UK)
Arnold Clinton (Australia)		 Prelude to Space (1947), novel Prometheus Alpha/Beta 1978
Candidates for the first manned mission to the moon.[30]
Galileo:
Donald Morris "Don"[lower-alpha 3] Cargraves, Sc.D. (Captain)
Maurice "Morrie" Abrams (Second-in-command/co-pilot)
Ross Jenkins (Flight engineer)
Arthur "Art" Mueller (Medical officer/radar/radio)

Wotan/Moonbase:
Helmut von Hartwick, Lt. Col. ("Elite Guard") (Executive Officer)
Unnamed lieutenant (Utility rocket commander)
Friedrich Lenz (Sergeant-Technician, 2nd Class) (Utility rocket pilot)
49 unnamed crewmembers		 Rocket Ship Galileo (1947), novel Galileo

"New Reich":
Wotan (later renamed City of Detroit)
Thor
Utility rocket
Moonbase		 Near Future[lower-alpha 4]
Scientist Cargraves and his teenaged crew discover Nazi moonbase west of Oceanus Procellarum.[31]
Hicks (Pilot)

Supra-New York:
Shorty Weinstein (Computer)
Unnamed psychiatrist

Flying Dutchman:
Kelly (Captain)
Jake Pemberton (First Pilot)
Unnamed personnel

Space Terminal:
Soames (Commodore-Pilot)

Gremlin:
Jake Pemberton (Pilot)		 "Space Jockey" (1947), short story Trans-Lunar Transit:
Supra-New York (Satellite station)
Space Terminal (Moon orbiting station)

Earth-to-Moon spacecraft:
Flying Dutchman (Flight 27)
Philip Nolan

Winged rockets:
Skysprite
Firefly

Moon landing rockets:
Gremlin
Moonbat		 c. 1980s
While piloting passengers and freight to Moon, Pemberton is distracted by marital troubles and an unruly child passenger. Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series.[32][33]
Sam Houston Adams
Thomas Dooley
Maurice Feinstein
Hazel Hayakawa
Kurt Schaeffer
G. Washington Slappey		 "The Black Pits of Luna" (1948), short story Unknown August 11, 1984 / c. 2000
In backstory, scientists are killed in 1984 explosion of atomic lab on lunar farside near Rutherford. Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series.[34][35]
Rocket number seventeen (Russia):
Mikichenko (no first name given)

Rocket number nineteen (US):
George Vincent Quinn
Rocket number twenty (US):
John J. Armstrong		 Dreadful Sanctuary (1948), serial; (1951), novel Unknown (Russia, United States) 1972
Pilot Quinn and inventor Armstrong commandeer Moon-rockets to prevent third world war. Quinn makes first manned Moon landing in Copernicus.[36] Significantly revised for 1963 paperback edition.
Unnamed captain
William "Bill" Cole (a.k.a. William "Bill" Saunders) (Chief Communications Officer/Relief pilot)
Tom Sandburg (Junior communications officer)		 "Ordeal in Space" (1948), short story Valkyrie c. 2000
Traumatized by spacewalk accident during passenger run to Mars, Cole becomes acrophobic and changes his name in an attempt to start a new life on Earth. Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series.[37][38]
Wilson
Louis Garnett		 "The Sentinel" (1948), short story Unknown 1996
Explorers who discover something remarkable on the shores of the Sea of Crises.[39]
Space Station One:
"Tiny" Larsen (Superintendent)
"Dad" Witherspoon (Assistant superintendent)
Gloria Brooks "Brooksie" McNye (Chief Communications Engineer)
Robert Dalrymple (Chief Inspector)
Hammond (Radioman)
Jimmie (Timekeeper) (no last name given)
McAndrews (Shipfitter)
O'Connor (Metalsmith)
Peters (Radioman)
Unnamed personnel

R. S. Half Moon:
Don Shields (Captain)		 "Delilah and the Space-Rigger" (1949), short story Harriman Enterprises (owner)/Five Companies, Incorporated (contractor):
Space Station One

R. S. Half Moon (supply ship)
Pole Star (supply ship)		 c. 1980s
Construction crew of first space station is surprised by arrival of female communications engineer. Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series.[40][41]
Unnamed captain
Applegate
Barkley
Hollis
Lespere
Smith
Stimson
Stone
Turner
Underwood
Woode
Unnamed crewman		 "Kaleidoscope" (1949), short story Rocket Company Future
Crew hurled apart into space when rocket explodes.[42]
Moon Base:
Unnamed Commodore (Commanding Officer)
Towers, Col. (Executive Officer)
Morgan, Maj. (Senior Bomb Officer)
John Ezra "Johnny" Dahlquist, Lt. (Ph.D.) (Junior Bomb Officer)
Kelly
Smitty (Marine) (Lockmaster)
Lopez (Guard)
Unnamed personnel		 "The Long Watch" (a.k.a. "Rebellion on the Moon") (1949), short story The Patrol:
Moon Base

United Nations?:
Trygve Lie
Lafayette		 June 1999
Dahlquist sacrifices himself to prevent world coup d'état by Towers. Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series.[43][44]
David "Dave" Mannen "Over the Top" (1949), short story United Technical Foundation (Unitech) Near Future (April or May)[lower-alpha 5]
Three-foot-tall little person is first human on Mars.[45][46]
Jim Barnes (Pilot)
Charles "Doc" Cargraves, Dr. (Propulsion Expert)
Thayer, Gen. (Co-Pilot)
Joe Sweeney (Radio Operator)		 Destination Moon (a.k.a. Operation Moon) (1950), film Luna Near Future (June)
Astronauts on a nuclear rocket to the moon. Landing in crater Harpalus.[47][48][49][50][51][52]
Lewis Thorson (Captain)
"Smitty" Smithson, Dr. (Physician/Morale Officer)
Hollison, Lt.
Sparks (Communications)
Carpenter
Robinson
Haley
Richardson (Gunnery)
Unnamed crew members		 Dimension X
No Contact (1950), radio play		 Starcloud June 2, 1987[lower-alpha 6]
Sixth crew attempting to breach "Great Galactic Barrier" and reach planet Volta. Commander Collier, a navigation officer, and men named Prentiss and Margitson were lost on previous missions.[53]
Cornelius Otterbyrne, Prof. (Atomic physicist)
Paul Aarons, Dr. (Astromathematician)
Robert Simons (Electronic engineer)
Carl Parker (Mining specialist)
Watson
Gibbs
Henry Timkin (Federal Bureau of Missing Persons)
Jefferson Philo (Science journalist)		 Dimension X
The Man in the Moon (1950), radio play		 Unknown 1950
"Federal Bureau of Missing Persons" receives radio message from the Moon, leading to discovery of moonbase built in 1938 by "renegade scientists and criminals" on lunar farside. Otterbyrne and others were kidnapped as slave labor for colony.[54]
R-46:
Raymond F. "Ray" Carmody, Capt. (U.S.S.F.)

Russia:
Anna Borisovna Carmody		 "Honeymoon in Hell" (1950), short story United States Space Service:
R-46 rocket

Russia:
Unnamed rocket		 September 16, 1962 – February 1963
American and Russian pilots marry and travel to Moon in attempt to escape unknown effect preventing conception of male humans on Earth. Landings in Hell crater. Carmody previously landed R-24 rocket on the Moon, one of eighteen American pilots to attempt the round trip and only five to return alive.[55]
Floyd Graham, Col. (Pilot)
Harry Chamberlain (Navigator)
William Corrigan, Maj.
Karl Eckstrom, Dr.
Lisa Van Horn, Dr.		 Rocketship X-M (1950), film X-M ("eXpedition Moon") Near Future
Astronauts on a moon rocket that "accidentally" lands on Mars.[56][57][58][59][60][61]
Robert Maynard "Unwelcome Tenant" (1950), short story Unknown (Scientific foundation) Future
First man to travel to Mars realizes that all humans on Earth are the hosts of parasitic intelligences.[62]
Daniel MacGregor Dare, Col.
Albert Fitzwilliam Digby		 Dan Dare, Pilot of the Future (1950–1967), comic Anastasia 1996+
Astronaut in Earth's Interplanetary Spacefleet; travelled to Venus, Mercury, Saturn.
Jim Barker, Dr. (Commander/Engineer)
Steve Abbott (Journalist)
William Jackson, Prof. (Scientist)
Lane, Dr. (Scientist)
Carol Stafford (Physicist)		 Flight to Mars (1951), film The Pentagon:
Rocketship M.A.R.S.		 c. 2001
First manned Mars mission encounters dying Martian civilization.[63][64][65][66][67]
Power satellite:
Unnamed personnel

Charon:
Unnamed pilot
Leslie "Les" LeCroix, Capt. (Relief pilot)

Pioneer:
Les LeCroix, Capt.

Mayflower:
Les LeCroix, Capt. (Pilot)
Bob Coster (Engineer)
Janet (Scientist) (no last name given)
Three unnamed scientists		 The Man Who Sold the Moon (1951), novella Power satellite
Charon (shuttle rocket)

Harriman and Strong:
Pioneer
Mayflower
Colonial		 c. 1978
Commercially funded initial Moon expeditions. LeCroix makes first Moon landing in Pioneer west of Archimedes; Mayflower establishes first Moon colony. Part of Heinlein's "Future History" series.[68]
Crandall (Captain)
Killian (Executive Officer)
Wilbur
Lavinia Pickerell[lower-alpha 7]

Haggerty (Navigator)		 Miss Pickerell Goes to Mars (1951), novel Unknown Contemporary/Near Future
Secret expedition to Mars. Haggerty is accidentally left behind on Earth due to Miss Pickerell unexpectedly boarding rocket.[69]
Henderson (no first name given) "Old Man Henderson" (1951, revised 1970), short story Unknown Future (21st century?)
Now an old man, Henderson reminisces about being the first man on the Moon.[70]
First group:
Joel "Chap" Chapman (Pilot/Mechanic)
Dixon
Driesbach
Unnamed group members

Second group:
Bening (Astronomer)
Joel "Chap" Chapman
Robert "Bob" Dahl (Mathematician)
Dick Donley (Geologist)
Dowden (Astronomer)
Julius Klein (Botanist)

Third group:
Joel "Chap" Chapman
Williams
Unnamed group members

Eberlein (Relief ship captain)		 "The Reluctant Heroes" (1951), short story The Commission:
Research bunker
Relief ship		 Future
Members of research groups at outpost on Moon (possibly in Tycho).[71]
Wayne Crowder "Vital Factor" (1951), short story

Tales of Tomorrow
Test Flight (1951), TV		 Wayne Crowder Enterprises Near Future
Spacecraft on privately financed test flight is redirected to Mars.[72][73][74]
Space station officers:
Benson
Baker
Colin Ord

Lioness:
Marilyn Lynn, Dr. (Physician)
Fifty unnamed crewmembers		 "Hallucination Orbit" (aka "The Bliss of Solitude") (1952), short story Station Two

Four Star Lines:
Lioness (relief ship)		 Future
Lone officers manning space station in Pluto's orbit are afflicted by "solitosis".[75]
Mercury expedition:
R. Doyle
Borrell (Navigator)
Glynne (Radio Operator) (no first names given)
Unnamed crewmembers

Inner Station:
R. Doyle, Cmdr. (Training)
Apprentices:
Tim Benton (Senior apprentice)
Ronnie Jordan
Norman Powell
Karl Hasse
Peter van Holberg
Five unnamed apprentices
Unnamed crewmembers

Space Hospital:
Hawkins, Dr. (no first name given) (Biologist)
Unnamed scientist
Unnamed crewmembers

Sirius:
Jones, Capt. (Pilot) (no first name given)

Inter-orbit ferry:
Unnamed pilots		 Islands in the Sky (1952), novel Mercury expedition

Space stations:
Inner Station (Space Station One/Residential Station)
Space Hospital
Relay Station Two

Spacecraft:
Sirius
Morning Star
The Skylark of Space (ferry)
Inter-orbit ferry
Earth ferry (spaceplane)		 Late 21st century
16-year-old Roy Malcolm wins trip to Inner Station on television quiz. Doyle took part in first expedition to Mercury years earlier; Morning Star made first circumnavigation of Venus in 1985.[76]
Jeff Foldingchair

Eros:
Miles Vance, Capt.
Nat Rothman (Pilot/Geologist)
Richard "Dick" Steele (Engineer)
Paul Sokolsky, Dr. (Physician/Biologist)
Lewis "Lew" Wong (Radar Operator)
Ginger Parsons (Cook/Photographer)
Charles "Chuck" Svensen		 Marooned on Mars (1952), novel United States / Space Commission (under United Nations charter):

Eros		 Future
First manned Mars mission, launched from Moon base. 18-year-old Svensen stows away after being replaced on crew by Wong due to his age. Foldingchair is a long-time rocket pilot who stowed away on the second manned Moon mission 25 years earlier.[77]
Connors (Captain)
Barton (Tube chief)
Griffith
Purdy
Withington (Fuel man) (no first names given)		 "The Missing Symbol" (1952), short story Rachel II Future
Crew of first manned Moon mission is affected by space madness.[78]
Burney, Dr. (Commander)
Emil Wohl (Head geologist/Second-in-command)
"M.D." McLeod (Physician)
Sherman, Dr. (Chief astronomer)
Louise Hansen (Astronomer)
Bucky O'Neil (Rocket pilot)
Johnny Pierce (Map section)
Mike Ramirez (Radio operator)
Joey Friedman (Radio operator)
Jean (Nurse) (no last name given)
Edna (no last name given)
36 unnamed personnel

Tractor Two:
Paul E. Hansen (Spare photographer/Tractor driver)
Fernandez (Geologist)
Groswald (Mechanic)
Van Ness (Astronomer)		 Moonwalk (1952), novelette Moonbase
Tractor One
Tractor Two
Rocket		 Future
On excursion from first major moonbase (in Archimedes crater), Tractor Two plummets over ringwall of crater Plato, leaving Hansen to find his way back to base alone.[79][80]
ZQX-1:
Frederick "Fred" Stone, Capt.

Halley:
Fred Stone, Col.

Einstein:
Fred Stone, Col. (Commander)
Bill Parks		 Space Cat (1952), Space Cat Visits Venus (1955), Space Cat Meets Mars (1957), Space Cat and the Kittens (1958), chapter books United States Air Force:
ZQX-1[lower-alpha 8]
Halley
Einstein		 Near Future
Cat named Flyball accompanies Stone on suborbital flight and first manned Moon flight in ZQX-1, journey to Venus and Mars in Halley, and flight to Alpha Centauri aboard hyperdrive-powered Einstein.[81][82][83][84]
Robert "Robbie" Malcolm (Captain)
Bart (Scientist)
Jack		 Tales of Tomorrow
Appointment on Mars (1952), TV		 Standard Motors (sponsor) Future
Three men on first expedition to Mars turn on each other.[74][85]
Paula Martin Bennett Tales of Tomorrow
Flight Overdue (1952), TV		 Unknown Near Future
Ambitious aviatrix joins Moon mission.[86][87]
Allen Rice, Maj. "Thanasphere" (1952), short story United States Air Force
Project Cyclops		 Contemporary
First man in outer space discovers that it is inhabited by ghosts.[88][89]
Rayen, Gen. (Commanding Officer)
Nichols, Col. (Commanding Officer)
Wall, Capt.
Weiler, Maj.
Unnamed personnel

Rocket Four (Squad Fourteen):
Breck Jergen, Sgt./M.P. (Squad leader)
Jim Clymer
Frank Haddon, Sgt.
Lassen (no first name given)
Walter Millis
Joe Valinez
Unnamed personnel		 "What's It Like Out There?" (1952), short story United Nations
Expedition Two:
Rockets One – Twenty		 1960s (June)
On his return to Earth, Haddon finds himself unable to tell people of the true horrors of Mars expedition.[90]
Hal Barlow (D-716) "By Earthlight" (1953), short story The Brotherhood Near Future
Member of secret society placed aboard unmanned US moon rocket to delay atomic war. Landing in Albategnius.[91]
Laird Grainger (Commander)
Kip Reissner, Lt. (USN) (Co-Pilot)
Helen Salinger (Navigator)
Douglas "Doug" Smith (Radio Operator)
Walter "Walt" Walters (Engineer)		 Cat-Women of the Moon (a.k.a. Rocket to the Moon) (1953), film Atomic Rocket Group 4:
Moon Rocket 4[lower-alpha 9]		 Near Future
First manned Moon mission encounters female lunar inhabitants.[92][93][94][95]
Brown
Cellini

DFC-3:
Garrard (no first names given)		 "Common Time" (1953), short story The Project:
DFC-3 (starship)		 Future
After first two pilots to attempt to reach Alpha Centauri system fail to return, Garrard experiences severe time variations and a mysterious alien encounter on the third attempt.[96][97]
Martin Dearborn, Capt.
George Beebe
Unnamed colonists		 Missing Men of Saturn (1953), novel Unknown Future
Dearborn and his colonists, the first humans to reach the Saturn system, are captured on Titan by Saturnians, resulting in their descendants spending the next hundred years on Saturn.[98]
Robert "Bob" Cox "Nightmare Brother" (1953), short story Unknown Future
After the first starships return to Earth with their crews driven mad by their experiences, Cox undergoes rigorous training to follow them.[99]
"Bright Eyes" Briteis, Col. (Commander)
Bill Moore, Maj.
Wernher, Dr.		 Project Moonbase (1953), film United States Space Force Command (USSF SPACOM)
Project Moon Base:
Magellan (renamed Moon Base #1)		 1970
First lunar orbital mission turns into Moon landing when Wernher is unmasked as an impostor. The female Col. Briteis was the first human in Earth orbit.[100][101][102][103]
Ludwig Rechenheim, Dr.
Charles Greene
Victor Carroon		 The Quatermass Experiment (1953), TV Experimental Rocket Unknown
Astronauts of the British Experimental Rocket Group. Crew of the first manned space mission; only Victor Carroon survives the flight.[104][105]
Rocket ship:
Jason
McCloud

Space Platform:
Unnamed garrison members		 Robot Monster (a.k.a. Monster from Mars, Monsters from the Moon) (1953), film Rocket ship
Space Platform		 Contemporary
Alien invader Ro-Man destroys space platform and rocket carrying Jason and McCloud, two of the last eight humans on Earth. The story turns out to be a little boy's dream.[106][107]
Space Station:
Pepper, Gen. (USAF) (Commanding Officer) (no first name given)
Unnamed space taxi pilot
Unnamed personnel

Moon rocket:
George Merola, Capt. (USAF) (Pilot/Navigator)
Dan Forbes, 1st Lt. (USAF) (Engineer)
Fred Gehardt, Dr. (Geologist)
Peter Phelps, M.D. (Physician)
Ted Baker		 Rocket to Luna (1953), novel United States Air Force September 1983
17-year-old Space Academy cadet Baker, an accidental addition to the crew, crashes first manned Moon rocket in Mare Crisium, forcing him and Forbes to make 1000-mile trek to supply dump in Mare Imbrium near Archimedes.[108]
Pelican One:
Joe Kenmore (Skipper)
Chief Bender (Engine room)
Thomas Haney (Bos'n)
Mike Scandia

Space Platform:
Sanford (Senior scientist/Commander)
Brent (Crew psychologist)
Corey (Crewman)
Brown, Lt. Cmdr. (USN) (Replacement commander)

Moonship:
Brown, Lt. Cmdr. (USN) (Commander)
Unnamed crewmembers		 Space Tug (1953), novel United States
Space Exploration Project:
Space Platform (space station)
Pelican One (supply ship)
Unnamed supply ship
Moonship		 Near Future
Pelican One flies first resupply mission to American space station armed with atomic missiles and assists Moonship in making first manned Moon landing.[109]
Stephen Mitchell, Dr.
Lisa Frank, Dr. (Mathematician)		 Spaceways (1953), film AS-2 Near Future
American rocket scientist Mitchell, an adviser to British space program, makes first manned spaceflight to prove himself innocent of murder.[110][111][112]
Andrew "Jet" Morgan, Captain
Lemuel Barnet
Stephen Mitchell
"Doc" Matthews		 Journey into Space (1953–5), radio Operation Luna 1965+
British Commonwealth astronauts on a trip to the Moon and beyond.
Hugh Allenby (Commander/Astronomer)
Burton (Pilot)
Janus (Photographer)
Gonzales (Botanist)
Randolph (Biologist)
Peters (Mineralogist)		 "The Holes Around Mars" (1954), short story Mars I Unknown
Crew of the first manned expedition to Mars. They discover that the planet is orbited at very low altitude by a micro black hole.[113]
Rocket 1:
Richard Donald "Rich" Stanton, Dr. (USN)

Rocket 2:
Jerome "Jerry" Lockwood, Dr. (Prof.)

Rocket 3:
Walter J. "Walt" Gordon		 Riders to the Stars (1954), film United States
Office of Scientific Investigation (OSI):
Rocket 1
Rocket 2
Rocket 3		 Near Future (July – August 10)
Astronauts make suborbital flights to capture meteors.[114][115][116][117]
Reverdy L. "Rev" McMillen, III, 1st Lt. (USAF)

Rescue ship:
Frank Pickrell, Capt.
Four unnamed crewmembers		 "The Cave of Night" (1955), short story Unknown (US) Near Future
Efforts to rescue McMillen from orbit inspire humanity to explore space. Pickrell later commands orbital platform Doughnut.[118][119]
Samuel T. "Sam" Merritt, Col.
Barney Merritt, Capt.
André Fodor, Sgt.
Imoto, Sgt.
Mahoney, Sgt.
Jackie Siegle, Sgt.		 Conquest of Space (1955), film Unknown Near Future
Astronauts on a mission to Mars.[120][121][122][123][124][125]
1 (Captain)
2 (Navigator)
3 (Astrophysicist)
4 (Meteorologist)
5
6 (no names given)		 Disneyland
Man in Space (1955), TV		 Operation Space Flight:
XR-1 (spaceplane)		 Near Future
Crew of first manned spaceflight. Crewmember #6 conducts spacewalk.[126]
RM-1:
Unnamed captain
Frank (Navigator)
Bill (Radio Operator)
Joe (Engineer) (no last names given)		 Disneyland
Man and the Moon (a.k.a. Tomorrow the Moon) (1955), TV		 Space Station Number One (S-1)
RM-1 (Moonship)		 Near Future
Crew of first manned voyage around the Moon.[127][128][129]
Richard "Dick" Gordon, Dr. (Zoogeographer)
Nora Pierce, Dr. (Mineralogist)
Ralph Martin, Dr. (Physician)
Patricia "Pat" Bennett, Dr. (Chemist)[lower-alpha 10]		 King Dinosaur (1955), film United States Near Future (from April 23)
Travelers to planet Nova, which recently entered Earth's solar system. Launch on October 2.[130][131]
Tim

Rocket ship:
Frank
Doc (Physician)
Roger
Fred

Moonbeam III:
Frank
Doc (Physician)
Roger
Fred
Bill
Unnamed crewmembers

Moonbeam IV:
Rusty
Unnamed crewmembers

The Cow:
Tom (Captain)
Four unnamed crewmembers

Moon Ship I:
Roger
Unnamed crewmembers

Moon Ship II:
Frank
Unnamed crewmembers

Moon Ship III:
Tom (Captain)
Doc (Physician) (no last names given)
Unnamed crewmembers (Bill and Fred also on expedition)		 Peter and the Rocket Ship (1955), Peter and the Two-Hour Moon (1956), Peter and the Moon Trip (1957), chapter books United States Army:
Unnamed rocket ship

Moonbeam III (rocket)
Moonbeam IV (rocket)
Two-Hour Moon (Space Station)

The Cow
Moon Ship I
Moon Ship II
Moon Ship III		 Near Future
Young Peter Sills accompanies crews of first manned spaceflight, Moonbeam III mission to build humanity's first space station, and first manned lunar landing. The Cow flies around Moon; Moon Ships I, II and III land in Bay of Rainbows near Sea of Rains, where crews build moon base.[132][133][134]
Bernard Quatermass, Prof.
Leo Pugh, Dr.		 Quatermass II (1955), TV Experimental Rocket Near Future
Scientists of the British Experimental Rocket Group go into space in an attempt to use a faulty nuclear rocket to blow up an alien asteroid/spacecraft directing a covert invasion of Earth.[135][136][137]
Valier:
Carl Logan (Pilot)
Johnny Ruiz (Co-Pilot)
MacNamara, Edward, Maj. (Flight Engineer)		 "Tight Squeeze" (1955), short story Operation Doughnut (US)

Valier
Wyld
Space Station		 Near Future
Astronauts on a space station resupply mission who find themselves dealing with mechanical issues after reaching orbit.[138]
Cadets:
Cohen "the Wire-haired Terror"
Beerbelly Flacker
"Mickey Mouse" Gindes
Harris
Kraków
Pete
Shank
"Walky" Walkinok
"Bendover" Wendover

Long Haul:
Scampy (Cadet) (nickname; no real name given)		 "Who?" (a.k.a. "Bulkhead") (1955), short story Space Service Future (post-20th century)
Cadet training for starship command whose crewmate on round-trip training voyage is a 15-year-old boy.[139][140]
"Ridge" Ridging (Geophysicist)
"Shan" Shandara (Cartographer)
Tazewell (No first names given)
Unnamed crewmembers		 "Dust Rag" (1956), short story The Project:
Albireo		 Future (20th century)
On first moon expedition, Ridging and Shandara are endangered by dust in Plato crater.[141][142]
Two-man teams:
Tilton
Beck

Booker
Whitman

Don[lower-alpha 11] Fowler
Al "Mac" MacIntosh

Unnamed astronauts

Moon rocket/Shuttle:
Unnamed pilots		 "The Far Look" (1956), novelette United States:
Moon Station
Moon rocket
Space Station Number One
Shuttle		 Future
Two-man teams return to Earth from twenty-eight-day stays in mobile dome on Mare Imbrium transformed into superior human beings. Tilton and Beck were second team on Moon.[143]
Luther Blair (US) (Nuclear scientist/Expedition leader)
Larson, Capt.
Anderson
Doc Higgins
Sydney Stanhope		 Fire Maidens from Outer Space (a.k.a. Fire Maidens of Outer Space) (1956), film Expedition 13 (US/UK) Future
Mission to the thirteenth moon of Jupiter discovers survivors of Atlantean civilization.[144][145]
Lewis Rohnen (Albert Rohnen Foundation) (Expedition Leader)
Thomas "Tom" Russell, Col./Gen. (USAF) (Operational Officer)
Bruner, Dr. (No first name given) (Atomic scientist)
Franklin Lormer, Maj. (Engineer)
Jan Kephart, 1st Lt. (Jet Expert)
Maximillian "Mac" Hartman, Lt. (US Army) (Communications Officer)		 Night of the Auk (1956), play First Moon Expedition:
Rocket One		 Near Future ("The day after some tomorrow")
First manned moon landing triggers nuclear war on Earth.[146]
M 76:
Stephen Maxwell, Prof. (Commander/Navigator)
Petifer (Pilot)
Bertram "Bert" Hapton
Gordon Holder (Fuel Consumption Engineer)
Unnamed crewmember

US spacecraft:
Stilwell, Gen.
Vanburg, Capt.
Boles, Lt.
John DeLut (Biologist)
Jaeger (Mathematician)
Unnamed crewmembers		 No Man Friday (a.k.a. First on Mars) (1956), novel M 76 (UK)

Unnamed spacecraft (United States Air Force)		 c. 1957 – 1972
Holder is stranded on Mars after his crewmates die in decompression accident. American spacecraft lands at latitude −35.[147]
Michael Haydon, Cmdr.
"Lefty" Blake
Merrity, Prof. (Scientist)
Larry Noble
Kim Hamilton (Reporter/Stowaway)		 Satellite in the Sky (1956), film Project Stardust (UK)
Stardust (spaceplane)		 Near Future
Spaceplane carries atomic bomb into orbit.[148][149][150]
Cologne:
Ralph C. Pigeon, Cmdr.
Acuff, Lt.
Unnamed astronauts

Titan Expedition:
Crawford, Cdre.

Stranger Station:
Paul Wesson, Sgt.		 "Stranger Station" (1956), short story Cologne

Titan Expedition

Stranger Station		 July 1, 1987

1997

c. 2087
A century after Pigeon's emergency landing on Titan leads to first contact with non-humanoid alien race, Wesson is sent to Stranger Station in high Earth orbit for a visit by one of the aliens.[151][152]
Endeavour:
Unnamed (Commander)
Trevor Williams, Prof. (Astronomer)
Henderson (Geophysicist)
Dave Bolton (Navigator)
Unnamed crewmembers

Goddard:
"Van" Vandenburg, Capt. (Commander)
Paynter, Dr (Geophysicist)
Anderson, Dr (Astronomer)
Unnamed crewmembers

Ziolkovski:
Krasnin (Commander)
Vladimir Surov (Botanist)
Unnamed crewmembers		 Venture to the Moon (1956), series of short stories Endeavour (UK)
Goddard (USA)
Ziolkovski (USSR)		 Near Future (after 1972)
First manned expedition to the Moon, joint UK/US/Russian project; landing in Mare Imbrium. Richards and Shannon named as discoverers of life in Eratosthenes five years later. Vandenburg later travels to Mars, Krasnin to the inner solar system.[153]
Eldon Galbraithe, Dr. (Commander)
Herbert Ellis (Radio Operator)
John Borden, Dr. (Scientist)
Henry "Hank" Jaffe (Engineer)		 World Without End (1956), film Unknown March 1957
Astronauts returning from Mars orbital mission travel forward in time to the year 2508.[154][155]
Jonathan "Jon" Bork, Capt.
Jenkins (no first name given)
Unnamed pilots		 "Captain Bedlam" (1957), short story Unknown Future
Pilots with induced multiple personalities fly spacecraft carrying cargo and hibernating passengers to the Moon, Mars and Jupiter 8.[156]
Caldicott
Paul Bresh
McGuire
Stefano
Emanuel "Mannie" Mengild

George Johnstown Graves, Col. (Commandant, Arizona Research Station)		 "The Dark Star" (1957), short story Unknown Future
Candidates for first flight to the Moon. Bresh makes flight and is later a member of the Second Exploratory Party to Mars. Graves was a rocket pilot in the early days of manned spaceflight.[157]
"Mighty" Maxon (Captain)
29 unnamed women		 "Expedition" (1957), short short story Unknown Future
Captain of first major Mars expedition quickly impregnates all 29 of his crewmates.[158]
Norris Caird, Cmdr. (Pilot)
Kerry (Medical Officer/Deputy Pilot/Navigator)
John Patterson (US) (Electronics Officer)
Robert "Bob" Vaughan (Engineer/Geologist)
Janet Ross (Stowaway)		 High Vacuum (1957), novel Ministry of Astronautics (M.O.A.) (UK):
Alpha		 Near Future
First manned Moon rocket crash-lands in Mare Imbrium due to added weight of stowaway.[159]
Bruce G. Davis, Jr.
Marvin Oldbury		 "Ideas Die Hard" (1957), short story Project Deep Space (US) Near Future
Astronauts attempt to learn why three unmanned spacecraft failed on way to the Moon.[160][161]
Dave Woodbury
John Hansen		 "Insert Knob A in Hole B" (1957), short short story Space Station A5 Future
Astronauts plagued by ambiguous assembly instructions for equipment.[162][163]
Harper (Captain)
Jantz, Prof. (Mathematician/Astronomer)
Jackson, Dr. (Geologist)
Holt, Dr. (Chemist)
Pegram (Navigator)
Davis (Engineer) (no first names given)		 "Intruders" (1957), short story Executive Council, Expedition H.Q. (a.k.a. Organization Headquarters)
Advance Expedition:
Lunar Base One		 Future
First expedition to the Moon establishes underground base near Tycho, but must fight unexpected enemies.[164]
Communications Satellite Two:
Unnamed (Narrator)
Sven Olsen (Construction)
Jock Duncan (Cook/Doctor)
Jim (no last name given) (Engineer)
Gregory "Gregg" Wendell (Junior station announcer)
Unnamed (Head of transport section)
Unnamed crewmembers

Solar Observatory:
Julie (no last name given) (Solar physicist)
Unnamed crewmembers

Starfire:
Stevens (Captain)
Unnamed crewmembers		 The Other Side of the Sky (1957), series of short stories Space Service:

Communications Satellite Two (a.k.a. Relay Two)
Solar Observatory

Starfire		 Late 1970s

January 1, 2001
Workers building communications relay satellite and studying Sun in late 1970s. In 2001 narrator's son departs aboard Starfire, flagship of ten-ship Mars expedition.[165]
Harry Ross (Flight Commander)
Brainerd (First Astrogator)
Lon Curtis (Second Astrogator)
"Doc" Spangler (Psych Officer)
Krinsky (Accumulator Tech)
Llewellyn
Fallbridge[lower-alpha 12]
Dominic		 "Sunrise On Mercury" (1957), short story Second Mercury Expedition:
Leverrier		 Future
Second crew to land on Mercury encounters telepathic lifeform.[166][167]
Robert "Bob" Calder, Col. (Commander)
Sharman, Dr. (Chief scientist)
15 unnamed crewmembers		 20 Million Miles to Earth (a.k.a. The Beast from Space) (1957), film United States Air Force
Project 5:
XY-21 (single-stage rocket)		 Near Future
13-month round-trip mission to Venus brings back egg of dinosaur-like creature.[168][169][170][171]
Argus II:
Moran (Captain)
Sinkley (Pilot)
Beckett (Chief Engineer)
Kranolsky, Dr. (Medical Officer)
"Sparks" (Radio Operator)
Unnamed crewmembers		 "Welcoming Committee" (1957), short story Argus
Argus II		 Future
Crew of second Mars mission searches for missing crew of first mission.[172]
Chris Godfrey (UK)
Serge Smyslov (USSR)
Morrey Kant (USA)
Tony Hale (UK)		 Chris Godfrey of U.N.E.X.A. series (1957–79), juvenile novels Numerous, including Luna 1, Columbus, Lenin and Phoenix Near contemporary
British astronaut who makes the first manned spaceflight, launching from Woomera, and international colleagues who later join him in the "United Nations Exploration Agency" for missions to the Moon and all planets in the solar system.
Ferranti
Smith

MR-1:
Hank Williams, Lt.
Bill, Lt. (Navigator) (no last name given)		 "Critical Angle" (1958), short story Rocket Service (US):
MR-1		 Near Future
First manned spacecraft on the Moon is trapped by dust in Copernicus, but breaks free with unexpected consequences.[173]
John McLaren, Prof. (US) The Day the Sky Exploded (a.k.a. Death Comes from Outer Space) (1958), film US/Russia/UK:
X-Z atomic rocket		 Near Future
First attempted circumnavigation of Moon results in Earth being threatened with meteorite bombardment.[174][175]
Romer
Temple

S-2:
Ken Pickering (USAF)

Aztec:
Adam Philip Crag (Commander)
Max Edward Prochaska (Electronics Chief)
Gordon Wells Nagel (Oxygen systems)
Igor Malin (impersonating Martin LeRoy Larkwell) (Mechanical maintenance/construction)

Astronaut:
Michael Gotch, Col. (USAF)
Fredrick Gunter (Secretary-General of the United Nations)
Unnamed pilot
Two unnamed crewmembers

"Bandit":
Otto Richter (East Germany) (Scientist)
Two unnamed crewmembers

"Red Dog":
Four unnamed crewmembers		 First on the Moon (1958), novel United States Air Force
Step One:

S-2 (Satelloid)
Aztec
Astronaut (atomic spacecraft)

"Eastern World":
"Bandit"
"Red Dog"		 Near Future
American mission to establish moonbase in Arzachel crater is opposed by unnamed "enemy" power from behind Iron Curtain, and complicated by presence of ringer in crew. Pickering is first human in space aboard "satelloid", a spaceplane with small wings.[176]
Van Wyck (Captain)
Byron
Pat Gilvey, Dr.
Marvin T. "Chowderhead" Roebuck
Sam
Wally		 "The Hated" (1958), short story Unknown Future
Crew of Mars mission returns to Earth wanting to kill each other.[177]
Challenge 141:
Edward "Ed" Carruthers, Col.
Nine unnamed crewmembers

Challenge 142:
Van Heusen, Col. (Commander)
Ann Anderson (Geologist/Archeologist)
James "Jim" Calder, Lt.
Bob Finelli
Gino Finelli
Joseph "Joe" Kienholz (Biologist)
John "Jack" Purdue, Maj.
Eric Royce, Dr.
Mary Royce, Dr. (Physician)		 It! The Terror from Beyond Space (1958), film Challenge 141
Challenge 142		 July 1973
Carruthers, the sole survivor of the first expedition to Mars, is accused of murdering his fellow crewmembers.[178][179][180][181]
Joan Jones Joan of Arkansas (1958), TV United States Contemporary/Near Future
Unsold sitcom pilot about dental technician chosen to become first human on Moon.[182]
Stepan Mikhailovich Ivankov, Maj.[lower-alpha 13]

Bryant "Bud" Ashland, Capt. (USAF)		 "The Manned Missiles" (1958), short story Soviet Union

United States		 Contemporary/Near Future
Ivankov, the first man in space, and Ashland, the first American in space, die when their spacecraft collide in orbit.[183][184]
Steve Dayton
June Saxton
Gary Fennell (Convict)
Lon (Convict)		 Missile to the Moon (1958), film Unknown Near Future
Rocket researchers and escaped convicts encounter female lunar inhabitants. Loose remake of Cat-Women of the Moon (q.v.).[185][186]
Junius Robb, Capt. (USAF)
Hamston
Kingsley
Farnsworth
Anderson		 "Moon Glow" (1958), short story Project Ajax (?)
Ajax XX		 Near Future
First Americans to land on the moon.[187]
John "Johnny" Corcoran, Maj. Night of the Blood Beast (1958), film X-100 Contemporary/Near Future
First man launched into orbit; seemingly dies on reentry.[188][189][190]
British Satellite Station:
Unnamed commander
George Montgomery "Ticker" Troon, Flt Lt, VC
Nobby
Dobbin
Unnamed crewmembers

British Moon-Station:
Michael Troon (Station-Commander)
Reeves (Sub-Commander)
Calmore (Sub-Commander)
Ellen (Physician) (no last name given)
Hughes
Witley, Sgt.
Unnamed crewmembers

Soviet Moon-Station:
Alexei Goudenkovitch Budorieff, Gen. (Red Army) (Commander)
Zinochek, Col.
354 unnamed crewmembers

Figurão:
Raul Campaneiro (Commander)
Geoffrey "Geoff" Montgomery Trunho, Capt. (Navigator)
Camilo Botoes, Lt. (Electronics Officer/Geologist)		 The Outward Urge (1958), novel British Satellite Station

British Moon-Station
Soviet Moon-Station

Skyforce, Space Division (Estados Unidos do Brasil):
E.U.B. Spacevessel Figurão		 November 1994

2044

December 9, 2093 – June 24, 2094
In 1994, Ticker Troon sacrifices himself to save British Satellite Station from enemy missile. Fifty years later, his son Michael commands British Moon-Station in Archimedes crater during nuclear war on Earth which results in destruction of American Moon-Station in Copernicus and Soviet Moon-Station in Ptolemy. In 2094, Michael's great-grandson Geoff is fatally stranded on Mars after first manned landing when Figurão becomes disabled. Landing on April 18, 2094, in Isidis-Syrtis Major area at 48°N 275°E / 48; 275.[191]
Starfire:
Neil[lower-alpha 14] Patterson, Capt. (Commander)
Michael "Mike" Cruze, Lt.
Larry Turner, Lt. (USAF) (Navigator)
Konrad, Prof. (Dr.) (Passenger) (no first name given)

Space Station A:
Berger (no first name given)
Unnamed crewmembers		 Queen of Outer Space (1958), film United States:
Starfire (TF-5)
Space Station A		 1985
Rays from Venus destroy space station and send ferry rocket Starfire off course to that planet. Patterson and his crew were the first men to orbit the Moon.[192][193][194]
Holt, Maj. Gen. (Commander of space station)
Kelly, Capt. (later promoted to Major)
Unnamed sergeant
Unnamed technician
Other unnamed crewmembers		 Race for the Moon
"The Thing on Sputnik 4!" (1958), comic		 United States:
Rotating wheel space station		 Near Future
Military astronaut Kelly encounters alien creature clinging to Sputnik 4.[195]
American satellite:
Morgan (Commander)
"Shorty" Kaufman (Astronomer)
"Mac" McNary (Meteorologist)

Russian satellite:
Three unnamed cosmonauts		 "Satellite Passage" (1958), short story American satellite

Russian satellite		 Near Future
American and Russian crews on near-collision course.[196][197]
Morley
Unnamed trainees

Mars mission:
Tony Bannerman, Lt.
Hal Mendoza		 "Simulated Trainer" (1958), short story Unknown (United States) Future
Military astronauts on simulated Mars mission which turns out not to be a simulation.[198]
Pol Van Ponder, Dr. (Commander)
Dave Boyer (Astronomer)
John Campo (Engineer)
Sybil Carrington
Howard Lazar, Dr. (Physician)
Unnamed crewmembers		 War of the Satellites (1958), film United Nations:
Project Sigma		 Near Future
Crew launched aboard three spacecraft which merge into single satellite in attempt to breach alien quarantine of Earth.[199]
Unnamed (Space Station Supervisor)
Unnamed doctors		 "Who's There?" (1958), short story Space Station Early 1980s
Spaceman hears mysterious noises during spacewalk. Bernie Summers named as earlier spacewalk casualty.[200]
Brice Rogers World's Finest Comics
"The Menace of the Moonman!" (1958), comic		 Unknown Contemporary/Near Future
Pilot of first manned space rocket, hurled into lunar orbit by Superman; he flies through a comet's tail and becomes the super-powered Moonman.[201][202][203]
Thomas "Tom" O'Bannion, Col. (USAF) (Pilot/Navigator)
Iris "Irish" Ryan, Dr. (Biologist/Zoologist)
Theodore Gettell, Prof. (Scientist)
Sam "Sammy" Jacobs, CWO (Electronics/Radar)		 The Angry Red Planet (1959), film MR-1 Near Future
First manned Mars mission encounters bizarre dangers.[204][205][206][207][208]
Space Station JSS3:
Unnamed personnel

SPIP
Ship 1:
Kenjiro Adachi, Dr. (Prof.) (Commander)
Ichiro Katsumiya, Maj. (Chief)
Araki
Yuichi Iwamura (Navigator)
Kogure
Okada
Pierce (Gunner)
Etsuko Shiraishi (Radio)

Ship 2:
Roger Richardson, Dr. (Prof.) (Commander)
Nomura (Chief)
Komeda
Sato
Sylvia (Radio) (no last name given)
3 other crewmembers

Fighter rockets:
Unnamed pilots		 Battle in Outer Space (1959), film Space Station JSS3

United Nations (F.F.E.)
SPIP:
Ship 1
Ship 2

Fighter rockets		 1965
Earth fights hostile aliens from planet Natal. Two SPIP ships fly to Moon to investigate alien base near Mare Marginis.[209][210][211]
Space station:
James "Jim" Benedict, Dr. (Director of US space program)
"Matt" Matthews, Col. (Ship commander)
Kurt Easton, Dr. (Observer)
Unnamed astronauts

Lunar spacecraft:
Dave Reynolds (Commander)
Three unnamed astronauts		 Destination Space (1959), TV movie Space Station B.B. ("Benedict's Billions") (US)
Lunar spacecraft (US)		 Near Future
Failed attempts to launch first lunar orbit mission from space station.[212]
Moonship:
McRoberts, Maj. (Commander) (First name not given)
Brad Summers, Capt. (Copilot)

Space Station:
Anderson, Col. (Commander) (First name not given)
Milton, Dr. (Astronomer) (First name not given)
Unnamed crewmembers

Ferry rocket:
Unnamed pilot		 First Boy on the Moon (1959), novel United States Space Force:

Moonship
Space Station
Ferry rocket		 Near Future
Two boys and a frog stow away on the first manned mission to the Moon.[213]
Dan Milton Prescott, Lt. (USN) First Man into Space (a.k.a. Satellite of Blood) (1959), film United States Navy:
Y-12 spaceplane
Y-13 spaceplane		 Near Future
Air Force Space Command pilot flies plane into space, returns as monster.[214][215][216]
Unnamed astronaut (US) "The Man Who Lost the Sea" (1959), short story Alpha (booster)
Beta (booster)
Gamma (Mars lander)
Delta (Earth return ship)		 Future (c. late 20th century)
Astronaut dying after crash-landing on Mars.[217][218]
Rodina/Mercury:
Eugene Kornev/Albert Gordon, Dr. (Scientist)
Andrei Gordienko/Craig Matthews

Typhoon:
Robert Klark/Torrance, Capt.
Erwin Verst/Dan Martin, Dr.

Meteor:
Gregory Somov/Paul Clinton		 Nebo Zovyot (1959), film

Battle Beyond the Sun (1962), film		 Space station
Rodina ("Homeland")/Mercury
Typhoon
Meteor		 Future (Nebo Zovyot)

November 1997 (Battle Beyond the Sun)
Soviet film re-edited for American release with names changed. Rodina/Mercury and Typhoon (nations of origin unspecified in Soviet version; "South Hemis" and "North Hemis" in American version) both attempt first Mars flight, but an emergency rescue leads to a landing on the asteroid Icarus instead. The events in the Soviet version turn out to be a dream. South Hemis' Mars mission called "Project Red Planet" in American version.[219][220][221][222]
Unnamed (USSR) (Chief Co-ordinator of Project Ares)
Jim Hutchins (US) (Assistant)
Hutchins' wife (unnamed)		 "Out of the Cradle, Endlessly Orbiting..." (1959), short story Astronautics Authority:

First Lunar Base

Project Ares
Alpha
Beta
Gamma		 1977
First manned Mars expedition in preparation at lunar base inside crater Plato; meanwhile, Hutchins' son is first human born off-Earth. References to past events include US Navy rescue of cosmonaut Dimitri Kalinin in South Pacific; Jerry Wingate making first manned orbit of Moon; landing of Hermann Oberth in Bay of Rainbows with loss of crew members.[223]
Mike Ferris, Sgt. (USAF) The Twilight Zone
Where Is Everybody? (1959), TV		 United States Air Force Contemporary
Air Force astronaut trainee hallucinates himself in empty town during isolation experiment.[224][225][226][227]
Stafford (no first name given)

Traill
Henderson (no first names given)

Trevor
Woodford
Fox (no first names given)

John Jenkin, Lt.		 "Forms of Things Unknown" (1966), short story High Command Near Future
In posthumously published story by C. S. Lewis, first four manned missions to the Moon all end with contact abruptly lost with crews.[228]

Notes
  1. The story ends a month after Easter, which fell on March 26 in 1978.[14]
  2. Middle name given in The Man Who Sold the Moon (q.v.).
  3. Also frequently called "Doc".
  4. The year "1959" appears in an illustration on p. 19. The book definitely takes place after 1951 (p. 48).
  5. Israel Independence Day takes place during the story.
  6. Opening narration says Starcloud launches on June 2, 1987, but a later log entry by Thorson is dated June 2, 1987 and says Starcloud is "four weeks out from Earth".
  7. First name given in later books.
  8. Incorrectly named "ZOX-1" in Space Cat Meets Mars (p. 3).
  9. The numeral "63" appears on the rocket in exterior shots.
  10. Westfahl (p. 185) assigns the wrong scientific specialties to the characters.
  11. Also referred to as "Walt" (pp. 131–132).
  12. Also spelled "Falbridge".
  13. Patronymic not given; deduced from father's name.
  14. Spelled "Neal" in DVD subtitles.

References
  1. Brode, Douglas (2015). Fantastic Planets, Forbidden Zones, and Lost Continents: The 100 Greatest Science-Fiction Films. University of Texas Press. pp. 7–10. ISBN 978-0-292-73919-2.
  2. Hardy, Phil, ed. (1984). The Film Encyclopedia. Science Fiction. William Morrow and Company. pp. 78–79. ISBN 0-688-00842-9.
  3. Westfahl, Gary (2012). The Spacesuit Film: A History, 1918-1969. McFarland & Company. pp. 14–17. ISBN 978-0-7864-4267-6.
  4. Scheib, Richard. "Woman in the Moon (1929) (Die Frau im Mond)". Moria - The Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  5. Weinbaum, Stanley G. (July 1934). "A Martian Odyssey". Wonder Stories.
  6. Weinbaum, Stanley G. (November 1934). "Valley of Dreams". Wonder Stories.
  7. Weinbaum, Stanley G. (1974). A Martian Odyssey and Other Science Fiction Tales: The Collected Short Stories of Stanley G. Weinbaum. Classics of Science Fiction. Hyperion Press. pp. 1–53. ISBN 0-88355-123-3.
  8. Westfahl 2012, pp. 17–19
  9. Wyndham, John (1989). Stowaway to Mars. Severn House. ISBN 0-7278-1761-2.
  10. Phillips, Vic (1970). "Once Around the Moon". In Clement, Hal (ed.). First Flights to the Moon. Doubleday & Company. pp. 11–37. LCCN 74-103738.
  11. Clarke, Arthur C. (2000). The Collected Stories of Arthur C. Clarke. Tor Books. pp. 5–12. ISBN 0-312-87821-4.
  12. Wellman, Manly Wade (June 1938). "Men Against the Stars". Astounding Stories.
  13. Wellman, Manly Wade (2018). "Men Against the Stars". In Davis, Hank; Ruocchio, Christopher (eds.). Space Pioneers. Baen Books. pp. 421–450. ISBN 978-1-4814-8360-5.
  14. "Dates of Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday". U.S. Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications Department. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
  15. Asimov, Isaac (July 1939). "Trends". Astounding Science Fiction.
  16. Asimov, Isaac (1970). "Trends". In Clement, Hal (ed.). First Flights to the Moon. Doubleday & Company. pp. 40–62. LCCN 74-103738.
  17. Heinlein, Robert A. (January 1940). "Requiem". Astounding.
  18. Heinlein, Robert A. (1967). The Past Through Tomorrow. G. P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 197–210. LCCN 67-15112.
  19. Corwin, Cecil (Pseudonym of C. M. Kornbluth) (April 1941). "The Rocket of 1955". Stirring Science Stories.
  20. Kornbluth, Cyril M. (1964). the explorers. Ballantine Books. (First edition published in 1954)
  21. Perri, Leslie (December 1941). "Space Episode". Future Combined with Science Fiction.
  22. Perri, Leslie (2016). "Space Episode". In Yaszek, Lisa; Sharp, Patrick B. (eds.). Sisters of Tomorrow: The First Women of Science Fiction. Early Classics of Science Fiction. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 224–229. ISBN 978-0-8195-7624-8.
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