List of endemic fauna of Puerto Rico

This is a list of the endemic fauna of Puerto Rico. This list is sorted in alphabetical order by the scientific name of the species, which are in parentheses.

Birds

Elfin-woods warbler

Puerto Rican parrot

Puerto Rican screech-owl, an endemic species found in the western municipality of Aguada.

Yellow-shouldered blackbird (Agelaius xanthomus)
Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata)
Green mango (Anthracothorax viridis)
Puerto Rican nightjar (Caprimulgus noctitherus)
Puerto Rican emerald (Chlorostilbon maugeaus)
Puerto Rican lizard‑cuckoo (Coccyzus vieilloti)
Puerto Rican pewee (Contopus portoricenis)[1]
Adelaide's warbler (Dendroica adelaidae)
Elfin-woods warbler (Dendroica angelae)
Puerto Rican oriole (Icterus portoricensis)
Puerto Rican bullfinch (Loxigilla portoricensis)
Puerto Rican screech owl (Megascops nudipes)[2]
Puerto Rican woodpecker (Melanerpes portoricensis)
Puerto Rican flycatcher (Myiarchus antillarum)
Puerto Rican tanager (Nesospingus speculiferus)
Puerto Rican spindalis (Spindalis portoricensis)[3]
Puerto Rican tody (Todus mexicanus)
Puerto Rican vireo (Vireo latimeri)

Crustaceans

Alloweckelia gurneei
Puerto Rican sand crab (Emerita portoricensis)

Insects

Camponotus kaura- was first described by Roy R. Snelling & Juan A. Torres
Solenopsis torrei- was first described by Juan A. Torres

Myriapoda

Cylindromus uniporus
Scolopendra alternans

Reptiles/amphibians

Coquí

Mona ground iguana

Puerto Rican boa

Puerto Rican racer (Borikenophis portoricensis)
Mona ameiva (Ameiva alboguttata)
Desecheo ameiva (Ameiva desechensis)
Puerto Rican ground lizard (Ameiva exsul)
Blue-tailed ground lizard (Ameiva wetmorei)
Baker's worm lizard (Amphisbaena bakeri)
Puerto Rican worm lizard (Amphisbaena caeca)
Schmidt's worm lizard (Amphisbaena schmiditi)
Puerto Rican dryland worm lizard, North American worm lizard (Amphisbaena xera)
Guánica pallid anole, Cook's pallid anole, Cook's anole (Anolis cooki)
Mona anole (Anolis monensis)
Dwarf anole, pygmy anole, Puerto Rican twig anole (Anolis occultus)
Ponce anole (Anolis poncensis)[4], which is the same as the Dryland grass anole (Ctenonotus poncensis)[5]
Virgin Islands giant anole, Puerto Rican giant anole, Culebra Island giant anole (Anolis roosevelti)
Puerto Rican garden snake (Magliophis exiguus subspadix)
Puerto Rican crested toad, ridge-headed toad, lowland Caribbean toad, Puerto Rican toad and sapo concho (Bufo lemur)[6]
Mona ground iguana (Cyclura cornuta stejnegeri)
Puerto Rican galliwasp (Diploglossus pleei)
Puerto Rican cave dwelling frog (Eleutherodactylus cooki)
Common coquí (Eleutherodactylus coqui)
Mottled coquí (Eleutherodactylus eneidae)
Golden coquí (Eleutherodactylus jasperi)
Mona coquí (Eleutherodactylus monensis)
Puerto Rican boa (Chilabothrus inornatus)
Mona Boa (Chilabothrus monensis)
Virgin Island Tree Boa (Chilabothrus granti)
Monito gecko (Sphaerodactylus micropithecus)
Mona dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus monensis)
Puerto Rico upland gecko (Sphaerodactylus klauberi)
Desecheo dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus levinsi)
Gaige's dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus gaigeae)
Townsend's dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus townsendi)
Nichols' dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus nicholsi)
Puerto Rican dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus grandisquamis)
Vieques dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus inigoi)
Virgin Island dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus macrolepis)
Roosevelt's dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus roosevelti)
Mona blindsnake (Typhlops monensis)
Puerto Rican wetland blind snake (Typhlops rostellatus)

Spiders

This is a list of all spiders endemic to Puerto Rico, according to Platnick.[7]

Anyphaenidae

Anyphaena decora
Wulfila coamoanus
Wulfila inconspicuus
Wulfila isolatus
Wulfila macropalpus
Wulfila tropicus

Araneidae

Araneus adjuntaensis
Lewisepeira maricao
Metazygia silvestris

Clubionidae

Clubiona desecheonis
Elaver portoricensis

Corinnidae

Abapeba guanicae
Abapeba wheeleri
Corinna javuyae
Phrurolithus insularis
Phrurolithus portoricensis
Trachelas borinquensis

Ctenidae

Celaetycheus modestus
Celaetycheus strenuus
Oligoctenus ottleyi
Trujillina isolata

Dipluridae

Masteria petrunkevitchi

Gnaphosidae

Camillina desecheonis
Neozimiris nuda

Hahniidae

Hahnia naguaboi

Ixodidae (ticks)

Amblyomma arianae

Linyphiidae

Lepthyphantes microserratus

Lycosidae

Agalenocosa yaucensis

Mimetidae

Mimetus portoricensis

Oonopidae

Oonops delegenus
Oonops ebenecus
Oonops viridans
Stenoonops econotus
Stenoonops phonetus
Stenoonops portoricensis

Pholcidae

Modisimus cavaticus
Modisimus coeruleolineatus
Modisimus montanus
Modisimus montanus dentatus
Modisimus sexoculatus
Modisimus signatus

Salticidae

Agobardus blandus
Corythalia gloriae
Corythalia tristriata
Emathis luteopunctata
Emathis minuta
Emathis portoricensis
Emathis tetuani
Eris illustris
Habronattus ensenadae
Habronattus facetus
Hentzia squamata
Jollas minutus
Neonella mayaguez
Sidusa mona
Siloca monae

Scytodidae

Scytodes dissimulans

Sparassidae

Olios bicolor
Olios darlingtoni
Pseudosparianthis jayuyae
Stasina portoricensis

Tetragnathidae

Chrysometa hamata
Chrysometa jayuyensis
Chrysometa yunque
Glenognatha gloriae
Tetragnatha bryantae

Theraphosidae

Avicularia laeta
Cyrtopholis culebrae
Cyrtopholis portoricae
Holothele culebrae

Theridiidae

Dipoena puertoricensis
Styposis lutea
Theridion ricense

Theridiosomatidae

Baalzebub albonotatus
Ogulnius gloriae

Thomisidae

Misumenops bubulcus
Rejanellus mutchleri
Tmarus vertumus

Uloboridae

Miagrammopes animotus

Extinct animals

Greater Puerto Rican ground sloth (Acratocnus major) - The greater Puerto Rican ground sloth became extinct approximately 3000–4000 years ago.
Lesser Puerto Rican ground sloth (Acratocnus odontrigonus) - The lesser Puerto Rican ground sloth became extinct approximately 3000–4000 years ago.
Puerto Rican caracara (Caracara latebrosus)
Puerto Rican plate-tooth (Elasmodontomys obliquus) - The Puerto Rican plate-tooth, Giant hutia or Puerto Rican paca became extinct approximately in the early 16th century.
Greater Puerto Rican agouti (Heteropsomys antillensis)
Lesser Puerto Rican agouti (Heteropsomys insulans)
Puerto Rican nesophontes (Nesophontes edithae) - The Puerto Rican nesophontes became extinct approximately in the early 16th century.
Corozal rat (Puertoricomys corozalus)
Puerto Rican parakeet, Mauge's parakeet (Psittacara chloroptera maugei syn. Psittacara maugei)
Puerto Rican barn owl (Tyto cavatica)

Footnotes

The Puerto Rican pewee is not an official species recognized by the AOU. The species is a proposed split from the Lesser Antillean pewee (Contopus latirostris) by Rafaelle, H., et al. (1998) in A Guide to the Birds of the West Indies, Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691087369.
This species was formerly categorized as Otus nupides but was subsequently renamed.
This species was formerly a subspecies of Spindalis zena. In 1997 it was elevated to species status: O. H. Garrido; K. C. Parkes; G. B. Reynard; A. Kirkconnell; R. Sutton (1997). "Taxonomy of the Stripe-Headed Tanager, Genus Spindalis (Aves:Thraupidae) of the West Indies". Wilson Bulletin. 109 (4): 561–594.
"Anolis poncensis". Zipecodezoo.com. Archived from the original on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
"Ctenonotus Poncensis". Zipcodezoo.com. Archived from the original on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
This species was formerly categorized as Peltophryne lemur but was subsequently renamed.
Platnick, N.I. (2006). world spider catalog, version 7.0. American Museum of Natural History

References

Sociedad Ornitológica Puertorriqueña (in Spanish)
Bosque Seco de Guánica (in Spanish)
Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Extinct vertebrates of the U.S.A., U.S. territories and Canada since 1492
Rivero, Juan A. (1998). Los anfibios y reptiles de Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico: University of Puerto Rico Press. ISBN 0-8477-0243-X.

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[1] The Puerto Rican pewee is not an official species recognized by the AOU. The species is a proposed split from the Lesser Antillean pewee (Contopus latirostris) by Rafaelle, H., et al. (1998) in A Guide to the Birds of the West Indies, Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691087369.

[2] This species was formerly categorized as Otus nupides but was subsequently renamed.

[3] This species was formerly a subspecies of Spindalis zena. In 1997 it was elevated to species status: O. H. Garrido; K. C. Parkes; G. B. Reynard; A. Kirkconnell; R. Sutton (1997). "Taxonomy of the Stripe-Headed Tanager, Genus Spindalis (Aves:Thraupidae) of the West Indies". Wilson Bulletin. 109 (4): 561–594.

[4] "Anolis poncensis". Zipecodezoo.com. Archived from the original on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2009.

[5] "Ctenonotus Poncensis". Zipcodezoo.com. Archived from the original on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2009.

[6] This species was formerly categorized as Peltophryne lemur but was subsequently renamed.

[7] Platnick, N.I. (2006). world spider catalog, version 7.0. American Museum of Natural History