List of early third generation computers

This list of early third generation computers, tabulates those computers using monolithic integrated circuits (ICs) as their primary logic elements, starting from small-scale integration CPUs (SSI) to large-scale integration CPUs (LSI). Computers primarily using ICs first came into use about 1961 for military use. With the availability of reliable low cost ICs in the mid 1960s commercial third generation computers using ICs started to appear.

Main article: Third generation computers

The fourth generation computers began with the shipment of CPS-1, the first commercial microprocessor microcomputer in 1972 and for the purposes of this list marks the end of the "early" third generation computer era. Note that third generation computers were offered well into the 1990s.

The list is organized by delivery year to customers or production/operational date. In some cases only the first computer from any one manufacturer is listed. Computers announced, but never completed, are not included. Computers without documented manual input (keyboard/typewriter/control unit) are also not included.

Aerospace & military computers (1961-1972)

1961

1962

1963

1965

1967

1970

1971

  • AN/GYK-12 Militarized version of Litton L-3050

Commercial computers (1965-1972)

This table of commercial 3rd generation computers has been constructed by merging of several lists of computers[32][33][34][35] offered from February 1965, the date of the shipment of the first commercial 3rd generation computer, thru 1971 inclusive and then finding reliable sources as to the generation of the models listed and the associated dates.

Date[lower-alpha 1]ManufacturerModelComment
Feb 1965Scientific Data SystemsSDS 92First commercial 3rd generation computer
Sep 1965Systems Engineering Laboratories, Inc.810
Oct 1965ASI Computer Division of Electro-Mechanical Research, Inc.[36]ASI 6070[37]
Nov 1965Systems Engineering Laboratories, Inc.840
Dec 1965Honeywell Information Systems2200[38]
Jan 1966Computer Control CompanyDDP-124
Jan 1966Honeywell Information Systems1200[38]
Feb 1966ASI Computer Division of Electro-Mechanical Research, Inc.[36]ASI 6050[37]
Feb 1966Honeywell Information Systems120[38]
Jun 1966Honeywell Information SystemsDDP 516[39]
Jul 1966RCASpectra 70/35, /45 & /55
Aug 1966Systems Engineering Laboratories, Inc.810A/840A
Nov 1966FerrantiArgus 400
Nov 1966Hewlett-Packard, Co.2116A
Dec 1966Business Information TechnologyBIT 480[40][41]
Dec 1966Scientific Data SystemsSigma 7
Jan 1967Scientific Data SystemsSigma 2
Feb 1967General ElectricGE 4020[42] (in Japanese)
Mar 1967Interdata, Inc.Interdata 3
Apr 1967Electronic Associates, Inc.EAI 640[43]
May 1967Honeywell Information Systems4200[38]
May 1967Standard Computer CorporationIC6000[44]
Jun 1967Univac9200 & 9300
Jun 1967Varian Data Machines620/i
Aug 1967BurroughsB2500/3500 [45]:473
Aug 1967Xerox Data SystemsSigma 5
Sep 1967Elbit Computers, Ltd.100[46]
Oct 1967MarconiMyriad II[47]Uses DTL
Oct 1967ASI Computer Division of Electro-Mechanical Research, Inc.[36]ASI 6130[48]
Oct 1967Digiac Corporation3080C[49]
Oct 1967Raytheon Computer703[50]
Dec 1967Honeywell Information Systems125[51]
Jan 1968Systems Engineering Laboratories, Inc.840MP
Jan 1968General Automation, Inc.SPC-12
Apr 1968Computer Automation, Inc.PDC 808Uses DTL circuits
Apr 1968Digital Equipment Corp.PDP-8/I[52]
Apr 1968Hewlett-Packard, Co.2115A
c. Apr 1968SpearMicro-LINC 300Uses MECL
May 1968Texas Instruments, Inc980[53]
Jun 1968Honeywell Information Systems1648[54]
Jul 1968Hewlett-Packard, Co.2116B
Jul 1968Redcor CorporationRC-70[55]
Aug 1968Honeywell Information Systems1250[51]
Sep 1968Honeywell Information Systems110[38]
Sep 1968National Cash RegisterCentury 100
Sep 1968Standard Computer CorporationIC4000[44]
Sep 1968Systems Engineering Laboratories, Inc.810B
Oct 1968Digital Equipment Corp.PDP-8/L[52]
Oct 1968Hewlett-Packard, Co.2114A
Oct 1968Varian Data Machines520/i
Nov 1968General Automation, Inc.SPC-8
Nov 1968RCASpectra 70/46
Dec 1968Bailey Meter855
Dec 1968Computer Automation, Inc.PDC 816Used TTL for logic
Dec 1968Honeywell Information SystemsDDP 416[56]
Dec 1968Honeywell Information SystemsH632[57][58]
Dec 1968Micro Systems, IncMicro 800/810[59][lower-alpha 2]TTL MSI, Core Memory, Microprogrammed
1968Fujitsu, Ltd.FACOM230-25, -35, -45
Feb 1969Data GeneralNova
Feb 1969Honeywell Information Systems8200
Mar 1969Fujitsu, Ltd.FACOM-R[60][lower-alpha 3]
Mar 1969Lockheed ElectronicsMAC-16
Mar 1969Raytheon Computer706[61]
Apr 1969BurroughsB8500[62]
Apr 1969Philips Electrologica LimitedP350 series[63]
Apr 1969Scientific Control CorporationSCC 4700[64]
May 1969Datacraft CorporationDC-6024/1[65][66][67]
May 1969Univac9400
Jun 1969National Cash RegisterCentury 200[68]
Jun 1969Honeywell Information SystemsH316[39]
Jun 1969Standard Computer CorporationIC7000[44]
Jul 1969BurroughsB6500 [45]:449
Aug 1969Westinghouse Electric2500[69]
Sep 1969Tempo Computers, Inc.1/1-A[70]
Nov 1969Hewlett-Packard, Co.2114B
Dec 1969IBM360/85
Dec 1969Xerox Data SystemsSigma 3
1969International Computers and TabulatorsICT 1900A
Jan 1970Business Information TechnologyBIT 483[71]
Jan 1970GRI Computer Corp.GRI 909[72]
Jan 1970IBMSystem/3
Feb 1970Digital Equipment Corp.PDP-15[52]
Feb 1970Honeywell Information Systems3200[38]
Feb 1970Datacraft CorporationDC-6024/3[73][66][67]
Feb 1970CIIIris 50
Early 1970U. of IllinoisILLIAC IV
Mar 1970Digital Scientific Corp.META 4[74]
Apr 1970Digital Equipment Corp.PDP-11/20[52]
Apr 1970Raytheon Computer704[75]
Apr 1970Viatron Computer Systems Corp.Viatron 2140 & 2150
May 1970Data GeneralSuperNova
May 1970General Automation, Inc.SPC-16
Jun 1970Texas Instruments, Inc960[53]
Jul 1970Unicomp, Inc.COMP-16[76]
Aug 1970Digital Computer Controls, IncDCC-112[46]
Sep 1970RCASpectra 70/60
Sep 1970Wang Laboratories, Inc.Wang 3300
Sep 1970Philips Business Systems, Inc.P850/855/860[77]
Fall 1970Datamate Computer Systems, Inc.70[78]
before Nov 1970GRI Computer Corporation99[79]
before Nov 1970Varisystems CorporationPAC-16/2[80]
Dec 1970Modular Computer Systems, IncIII[81]
1970Fujitsu, Ltd.FACOM230-15
1970Unicomp, Inc.COMP-18[76]
Jan 1971IBM370/155
Feb 1971RCASpectra 70/61
Mar 1971Digital Equipment Corp.PDP-8/E[52]
Mar 1971General ElectricGE 655
Apr 1971Data General Corp.Nova 800
Apr 1971IBM370/165
Jun 1971IBM370/145
Dec 1971Data General Corp.Nova 1200
1971Fujitsu, Ltd.FACOM230-45S

See also

Notes
  1. Unless otherwise noted date is "first custormer shipment" or "first practical demonstration" taken from the following sources listed in priority order:
    1. Dates with reliable sources in linked Wikipedia articles
    2. Digital Computer Census (1964-1974)[82]
    3. Auerbach EDP Series No.4 - Minicomputers,[33] Appendix C. Product Comparison charts
    4. Dead Medium: Dead computational platforms, dead mainframes, and their dates[32]
    To the extent there is a conflict between sources, only the highest priority source is used.
  2. Sold in Europe as Intertechnique Multi-8
  3. Generation 3 estimated based upon dates of other older models from manufacturer

References
  1. "1961 Pictorial Report on the Computer Field". Computers and Automation. Newtonville, Massachusetts: Berkeley Enterprises Inc. 10 (12): 85. December 1961.
  2. Reed Business Information (1961-11-09). "Science in Overseas Industry". New Scientist. London. 12 (260): 362. ISSN 0262-4079.
  3. "Solid Circuit(tm) Semiconductor Network Computer, 6.3 Cubic inches in Size, is Demonstrated in Operation by U.S. Air Force and Texas Instruments". History of Innovation. Texas Instruments. 1961-10-19. Archived from the original on 2006-01-08. Retrieved 2006-01-08.
  4. "IEEE International Convention Record". 10 (1–5). 1962: 50. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. Texas Instruments (January 1965). "Series 51 RCTL". Bulletin SCA-1000: Digital Semiconductor Integrated Circuits. pp. 2–3, 9–11.
  6. Dummer, G. W. A.; Robertson, J. Mackenzie (1965). "Texas Instruments Series 51 Semiconductor Networks". American Microelectronics Data Annual 1964–65. Macmillan. pp. 596–650. ISBN 9781483185491. Archived from the original on 2019-07-04.
  7. Laws, David A. (2009). "1962: Aerospace systems are the first applications for ICs in computers". In Laws, David A.; McClure, Jim; Riordan, Michael (eds.). IC at fifty. Mountain View, California: Computer History Museum. p. 26.
  8. Texas Instruments (1961). A Molecular Electronic Computer (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-04. Retrieved 2018-03-13.
  9. "Section VI: Theory of Operation of the ASD Semiconductor-Network Computer". DTIC AD0273850: Silicon Semiconductor Networks Manufacturing Methods. 1962. pp. 67–113.
  10. "Micrologic / MARTAC 420 ad". Aviation Week: 286. 2 July 1962.
  11. Hamlin, William O. (January 1963). "Microelectronics". Electronics World. 69 (1): 31. Designed primarily for ICBM pre-launch checkout and control [...]
  13. Langdon, Glen G. Jr (2012). Logic Design: A Review Of Theory And Practice. Elsevier. p. 29. ISBN 9780323160452.
  14. Gill, Jas; Swann, Peter (2002). Corporate Vision and Rapid Technological Change: The Evolution of Market Structure. Routledge. pp. 140–141. ISBN 9781134874767.
  15. Army. Association of the United States Army. August 1962. p. 63.
  16. "MAGIC : an advanced computer for Spaceborne Guidance Systems | 102770287 | Computer History Museum". www.computerhistory.org. Retrieved 2018-03-22.
  17. "MAGIC Documents". www.bitsavers.org. MAGIC I Characteristics - p. 2 of the Organization_Of_MAGIC_II_Nov63.CS1 maint: others (link)
  18. Kearfott Aerospace Digital Computers | 102646245 | Computer History Museum. General Precision, Inc. 1967-05-01. pp. 20–21. Circuitry: Silicon planar epitaxial semiconductor IC
  19. "BRL Report 1964". ed-thelen.org. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
  21. Electronics. 39. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. Jul 1966. p. 200.
  22. "See the difference in Minuteman computers". Aviation Week & Space Technology: 64–65. 25 May 1964.
  23. SCA-1000 TI Digital Semiconductor Integrated Circuits. Texas Instruments. Jan 1965. pp. 3, 14.
  24. The Apollo guidance computer: Hardware
  25. "Apollo Integrated Circuits and Reliability". klabs.org.
  26. Baechler 1967, Table 2 no 14 (p. 23 in reader).
  27. Baechler 1969, Table 1 no 16 (p. 9 in reader)
  28. Dummer, G. W. A.; Robertson, J. Mackenzie (2013). "Transitron HLTTL series (military and industrial)". Anglo–American Microelectronics Data 1968–69: Manufacturers R–Z. Elsevier. pp. 2912–2915. ISBN 9781483150604.
  29. Study for a flight failure warning and analysis PEM system Final report. 1965. pp. 6, 56, 69.
  30. Baechler 1967, Table 2 no 16 and 27 (p. 23 in reader).
  31. Baechler 1967, Table 2 no 35 (p. 23 in reader).
  32. Watson, Bruce P.; Knight, Dr. Kennethe E. (c. 1976). "Dead Medium: Dead computational platforms, dead mainframes, and their dates". Retrieved March 31, 2019.
  33. "Minicomputers - EDP Series, No. 4" (PDF). Bitsavers. Auerbach. March 1971. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
  34. "Minicomputers" (PDF). Bitsavvers. Modern Data. June 1971. Retrieved March 30, 2019.
  35. SIDOWSKI, JOSEPH B. (1970). "Minicomputers" (PDF). Behav. Res. Meth.& Instru. 2 (6): 267–288. doi:10.3758/BF03211027. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
  36. ASI became EMR-Computer in 1964
  37. "Advance Series Expanded From Two to Five Systems". Archive.org. Computers and Automation. July 1965. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  38. "Honeywell Series 200 and 2000" (PDF). Bitsavers. DataPro Research Corp. April 1974. pp. 2–3. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  39. "Early Honeywell Mini-Computers". Retrieved March 20, 2019.
  40. "Model 480 general purpose desk-top computer". Computers and Automation (12): 23. Dec 1966.
  41. Datamation, April 1968, p.19
  42. computerfiles :: ComputerIndustryAnnual 1967-68
  43. EAI 640
  44. "Documents on Standard Computer Corp Models 4000, 6000 and 7000". Bitsavers. c. 1968. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  45. Auerbach Computer Notebook International 1969. 1969.
  46. elbit :: ELBIT 100 Brochure 1969
  47. "Marconi 'Myriad II' Digital Computer Type L 4001" (PDF). Marconi Catalogues 1958-1969 - Radar Extracts. c. 1968. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  48. Datamation, May 1966, p.16
  49. Datamation, Apr 1970, p. 331
  50. "703 IC Systems Computer, Reference and Interface Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  51. "BULL computers chronological history, Honeywell (1955-1985)". www.feb-patrimoine.com. Virtual Museum of French computers. April 22, 2002. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  52. Bell, Gordon; et al. (1978). Computer Engineering - A DEC View Of Hardware Systems Design. Digital Press. pp. 116. ISBN 0-932376-00-2.
  53. Model 960, Texas Instruments
  54. "HONEYWELL SERIES 16 LOW-COST TIME-SHARING SYSTEM" (PDF). Computers And Automation. March 1969. p. 55. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  55. "RC 70 Computer Reference Manual". Redcor Corporation. March 1969. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  56. "u-Comp DDP-416 General Purpose I/C Computer" (PDF). Bitsavers. Honeywell Computer Control Division. 1967. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  57. "Model 632-001 Series 32 Technical Bulletin" (PDF). Bitsavers. Honeywell Computer Control Division. 1968. Retrieved March 22, 2019.
  58. "Honeywell H632 brochure" (PDF). s3data.computerhistory.org. 1968.
  59. "MICRO 800 Computer Reference Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. Micro Systems, Inc. June 1969. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  60. "FACOM R". Fujitsu, Ltd. 1969. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  61. "Raytheon 706 Users Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  62. Lynch, John T (August 1965). "THE BURROUGHS B8500". Datamation. pp. 59–60.
  64. "SCC 4700 Computer Reference Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. 1969. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
  65. "Series 6000 Computer System (logic diagrams)" (PDF). Bitsavers. Datacraft Corp. c. 1970. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  66. Berkeley, Edmund Callis (1972). "DATACRAFT CORP". Computers and Automation. Edmund C. Berkeley and Associates. 21: 21. Manufacture and sell DC 6024/1, 3, 5 third generation, 24 bit computers
  67. Later became part of Harris Slash Series (Slash 1, 3, 4 and 5)
  68. "The Core Memory". Retrieved April 16, 2019. Monolithic integrated logic circuitry is used throughout the Century components.
  69. "Westinghouse 2500 Computer Reference Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. Westinghouse Computer and Instrumentation Division. September 1971. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
  70. "Tempo I system Reference Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. Tempo Computers, Inc. November 25, 1969. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
  71. Chuck(G) (November 15, 2009). "Thread: Bits 483". Retrieved March 25, 2019. the logic appears to be commodity TTL,...
  72. GRI 909 manuals
  73. Datamation, Mar 15, 1970, p. 62
  74. McDonald, J; et al. (September 25, 1973). "THREE ECL DESIGNS FOR MICROPROGRAMMABLE WRITABLE CONTROL STORES". MICRO 6 Conference Record of the 6th Annual Workshop on Microprogramming. ACM: 26–43.
  75. "704 IC Systems Computer, Technical Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  76. Ichnowski, Jeanne Astrin (c. 1972). "Catalog list of Unicomp material at Computer History Museum". Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  77. Philips mini computers P850/P855/P860
  78. "Datamate 70 Computer Reference Manual" (PDF). Bitsavers. 1970. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  79. GRI-99 System Reference Manual Oct72
  80. Varisystem
  81. System Designs Handbook, mudular computer systems
  82. "Digital Computer Census" (PDF). Bitsavers. Computers and People. January 22, 1962 – August 15, 1974. Retrieved March 31, 2019.

Works cited

Further reading
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.