List of WLAN channels

WLAN (wireless local area network) channels are frequently accessed using IEEE 802.11 protocols, and equipment that does so is sold mostly under the trademark Wi-Fi. Other equipment also accesses the same channels, such as Bluetooth. The radio frequency (RF) spectrum is vital for wireless communications infrastructure.

The 802.11 standard provides several distinct radio frequency ranges for use in Wi-Fi communications: 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 3.6 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 5 GHz, 5.9 GHz and 60 GHz bands.[1][2][3] Each range is divided into a multitude of channels. In the standards, channels are numbered at 5 MHz spacing within a band (except in the 60 GHz band, where they are 2.16 GHz apart), and the number refers to the centre frequency of the channel. Although channels are numbered at 5 MHz spacing, transmitters generally occupy at least 20 MHz, and standards allow for channels to be bonded together to form wider channels for higher throughput. Those are also numbered by the centre frequency of the bonded group.

Countries apply their own regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. The ISM band ranges are also often used.[4]

900 MHz (802.11ah)

802.11ah operates in sub-gigahertz unlicensed bands. Each world region supports different sub-bands, and the channels number depends on the starting frequency of the sub-band it belongs to. Thus, there is no global channels numbering plan, and the channels numbers are incompatible between world regions (and even between sub-bands of a same world region).

The following sub-bands are defined in the 802.11ah specifications:

Region	Subband (MHz)	Bandwidths (MHz)
Australia	915–920	1, 2, 4
Australia	920–928	1, 2, 4, 8
China	755–779	1
China	779–787	1, 2, 4, 8
Europe	863–868	1, 2
Japan	916.5–927.5	1
Korea	917.5–923.5	1, 2, 4
New Zealand	915–924	1, 2, 4, 8
New Zealand	924–928	1, 2, 4
Singapore	866–869	1, 2
Singapore	920–925	1, 2, 4
United States[5]	902–904	1, 2
	904–920	1, 2, 4, 8, 16
	920–928	1, 2, 4, 8

2.4 GHz (802.11b/g/n/ax)

Fourteen channels are designated in the 2.4 GHz range, spaced 5 MHz apart from each other except for a 12 MHz space before channel 14.[6]


Channel	F₀ (MHz)	Frequency Range (MHz)	North America[7]	Japan & Indonesia [7]	Most of world [7][8][9][10] [11][12][13][14]
01	2412	2401–2423	Yes	Yes	Yes
02	2417	2406–2428	Yes	Yes	Yes
03	2422	2411–2433	Yes	Yes	Yes
04	2427	2416–2438	Yes	Yes	Yes
05	2432	2421–2443	Yes	Yes	Yes
06	2437	2426–2448	Yes	Yes	Yes
07	2442	2431–2453	Yes	Yes	Yes
08	2447	2436–2458	Yes	Yes	Yes
09	2452	2441–2463	Yes	Yes	Yes
10	2457	2446–2468	Yes	Yes	Yes
11	2462	2451–2473	Yes	Yes	Yes
12	2467	2456–2478	No^B except CAN	Yes	Yes
13	2472	2461–2483	No^B	Yes	Yes
14	2484	2473–2495	No	11b only^C	No

Nations apply their own RF emission regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Network operators should consult their local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. Most of the world will allow the first thirteen channels in the spectrum.

To guarantee no interference in any circumstances the Wi‑Fi protocol requires 16.25 to 22 MHz of channel separation (as shown below). The remaining 2 MHz gap is used as a guard band to allow sufficient attenuation along the edge of the band. This guardband is mainly used to accommodate older routers with modem chipsets prone to full channel occupancy, as most modern Wi‑Fi modems are not prone to excessive channel occupancy. In 22 MHz channel width situations, there is 3MHz free/unused spectrum between NON-overlapping channels, this is not called guard band but channel spacing.

Graphical representation of overlapping 20 MHz channels within the 2.4 GHz band

While overlapping frequencies can be configured at a location will usually work, it can cause interference resulting in slowdowns, sometimes severe, particularly in heavy use. Certain subsets of frequencies can be used simultaneously at any one location without interference (see diagrams for typical allocations):

Most countries Graphical representation of Wireless LAN channels in 2.4 GHz band. Note "channel 3" in the 40MHz diagram above is often labelled with the 20MHz channel numbers "1+5" or "1" with "+ Upper" or "5" with "+ Lower" in router interfaces, and "11" as "9+13" or "9" with "+ Upper" or "13" with "+ Lower"

North America Graphical representation of Wireless LAN channels in 2.4 GHz band. Note "channel 3" in the 40MHz diagram above is often labelled with the 20MHz channel numbers "1+5" or "1" with "+ Upper" or "5" with "+ Lower" in router interfaces.

However, the exact spacing required when the transmitters are not colocated depends on the protocol, the data rate selected, the distances and the electromagnetic environment where the equipment is used.[15]

The overall effect is that if there is considerable overlap between adjacent channels transmitters they will often interfere with each other. However, using every fourth or fifth channel by leaving three or four channels clear between used channels can cause less interference than sharing channels, and narrower spacing still can be used at further distances.[16][15]

3.65 GHz (802.11y)

Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11y-2008

This range is documented as only being allowed as a licensed band.

A 40 MHz band is available from 3655–3695 MHz. It may be divided into eight 5 MHz channels, four 10 MHz channels, or two 20 MHz channels, as follows:

Channel	Frequency (MHz)	North America
Channel	Frequency (MHz)	5 MHz	10 MHz	20 MHz
131	3657.5	Yes	No	No
132	3660.0	No	Yes
132	3662.5	Yes	No
133	3665.0	No	No	Yes
	3665.0	No	No	Yes
	3667.5	Yes	No	No
134	3670.0	No	Yes
134	3672.5	Yes	No
135	3675.0	No	No
	3675.0	No	No	No
	3677.5	Yes	No
136	3680.0	No	Yes
136	3682.5	Yes	No
137	3685.0	No	No	Yes
	3685.0	No	No	Yes
	3687.5	Yes	No	No
138	3690.0	No	Yes
138	3692.5	Yes	No

5.0 GHz (802.11j) WLAN

In Japan, 100 MHz of spectrum from 4900 MHz to 5000 MHz can be used for both indoor and outdoor connection starting from year 2002 [registration needed]. Originally, another spectrum 5030–5091 MHz was also available for use, however that have been re-purposed and cannot be use after year 2017.[17]

50 MHz of spectrum from 4940 MHz to 4990 MHz (WLAN channels 20–26) are in use by public safety entities in the United States. Within this spectrum space, there are two non-overlapping channels allocated, both with a width of 20 MHz. The most commonly used channels are 22 and 26.

5 GHz or 5.8 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax)

Channel	Center Frequency (MHz)	Frequency Range (MHz)	10 MHz	20 MHz	40 MHz	80 MHz	160 MHz	United States FCC U-NII Band(s)	United States [18]	Canada [19]	Europe [20][21][22][23][24][25]	Russia [26]	Japan [27][28]	India	Singa- pore [29][30]	Mainland China [31]	Israel [11]	Korea [32][33]	Turkey [34]	Australia [12]	South Africa [35]	Brazil [13]	Taiwan [36]	New Zealand [37]	Bahrain [38]	Vietnam [39]
7	5035	5030–5040	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
8	5040	5030–5050		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
9	5045	5040–5050	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
11	5055	5050–5060	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
12	5060	5050–5070		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
16	5080	5070–5090		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
32	5160	5150–5170		20				U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Yes	Yes	Unknown	Unknown	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Unknown	Unknown	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
34	5170	5150–5190			40			U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	No	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
36	5180	5170–5190		20				U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
38	5190	5170–5210			40			U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	No	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
40	5200	5190–5210		20				U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
42	5210	5170–5250				80		U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	No	No	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	No	No	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
44	5220	5210–5230		20				U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
46	5230	5210–5250			40			U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	No	Indoors	Indoors and [note 4]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
48	5240	5230–5250		20				U-NII-1	Yes	Indoors	Indoors/TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors	Indoors	Yes	Yes	Indoors	Indoors and [note 4]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	Yes	Indoors	Indoors	Indoors
50	5250	5170–5330					160	U-NII-1 and U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	No	No	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
52	5260	5250–5270		20				U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
54	5270	5250–5290			40			U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
56	5280	5270–5290		20				U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
58	5290	5250–5330				80		U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	No	No	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
60	5300	5290–5310		20				U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
62	5310	5290–5330			40			U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
64	5320	5310–5330		20				U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
68	5340	5330–5350		20				U-NII-2A	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Indoors/DFS /TPC or [note 1] [note 2]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Yes	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Unknown	Unknown	DFS/TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	Unknown	Unknown	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 3]	Indoors/DFS/ TPC or[note 3]	DFS/TPC
96	5480	5470–5490		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Yes	DFS/TPC	Unknown	Unknown	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Unknown	Unknown	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
100	5500	5490–5510		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Yes	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
102	5510	5490–5530			40			U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
104	5520	5510–5530		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
106	5530	5490–5570				80		U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
108	5540	5530–5550		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
110	5550	5530–5570			40			U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
112	5560	5550–5570		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
114	5570	5490–5650					160	U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
116	5580	5570–5590		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
118	5590	5570–5610			40			U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	No	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
120	5600	5590–5610		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	No	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
122	5610	5570–5650				80		U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	No	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
124	5620	5610–5630		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	No	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
126	5630	5610–5650			40			U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	No	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
128	5640	5630–5650		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	No	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	No	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
132	5660	5650–5670		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
134	5670	5650–5690			40			U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
136	5680	5670–5690		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
138	5690	5650–5730				80		U-NII-2C and U-NII-3	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7] + SRD (25 mW)	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
140	5700	5690–5710		20				U-NII-2C	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	Yes	DFS	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
142	5710	5690–5730			40			U-NII-2C and U-NII-3	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7] + SRD (25 mW)	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Unknown	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
144	5720	5710–5730		20				U-NII-2C and U-NII-3	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	DFS/TPC or [note 6] [note 7] + SRD (25 mW)	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	DFS/TPC	Indoors	DFS/TPC	No	No	DFS/TPC	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	No	DFS	DFS/TPC or [note 5]	No	DFS/TPC or [note 5]
149	5745	5735–5755		20				U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
151	5755	5735–5775			40			U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
153	5765	5755–5775		20				U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
155	5775	5735–5815				80		U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
157	5785	5775–5795		20				U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
159	5795	5775–5815			40			U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
161	5805	5795–5815		20				U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
165	5825	5815–5835		20				U-NII-3	Yes	Yes	SRD (25 mW)[40]	Indoors/TPC or [note 3]	No	Indoors	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	DFS/TPC/ Fixed	Yes
169	5845	5835–5855		20				N/A	No	No	SRD (25 mW)[40]	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
173	5865	5855–5875		20				N/A	No	No	SRD (25 mW)[40]	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
183	5915	5910–5920	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
184	5920	5910–5930		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
185	5925	5920–5930	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
187	5935	5930–5940	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
188	5940	5930–5950		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
189	5945	5940–5950	10					N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
192	5960	5950–5970		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
196	5980	5970–5990		20				N/A	No	No	No	No	registration needed	Unknown	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Channel	Center Frequency (MHz)	Frequency Range (MHz)	10 MHz	20 MHz	40 MHz	80 MHz	160 MHz	United States FCC U-NII Band(s)	United States	Canada	Europe	Russia	Japan	India	Singapore	Mainland China	Israel	Korea	Turkey	Australia	South Africa	Brazil	Taiwan	New Zealand	Bahrain	Vietnam
Notes: Transmit power / Power density: Max. 200 mW e.i.r.p. Max. 10 mW/MHz e.i.r.p. density in any 1 MHz band. WAS/RLANs operating in the band 5250 - 5350 MHz shall either employ transmitter power control (TPC), which provides, on average, a mitigation factor of at least 3 dB on the maximum permitted output power of the systems; or if transmitter power control is not in use, the maximum permitted e.i.r.p. and the corresponding e.i.r.p. density limits shall be reduced by 3 dB. Type of Antenna: integral or dedicated. Max. 25 mW e.i.r.p. (5150 - 5250 MHz) inside cars for RLAN use. RLAN use inside cars (passenger cars, lorries, buses) in the band 5150-5250 MHz is allowed at a maximum e.i.r.p. of 25 mW. EN 301 893 / ECC/DEC/(04)08 / ERC/REC 70-03, Annex A. Channel access and occupation rules: WAS/RLANs operating in the band 5250 - 5350 MHz shall use mitigation techniques that give at least the same protection as the detection, operational and response requirements described in EN 301 893 to ensure compatible operation with radiodetermination systems (radars). Such mitigation techniques shall equalise the probability of selecting a specific channel for all available channels so as to ensure, on average, a near-uniform spread of spectrum loading. The equipment shall implement an adequate spectrum sharing mechanism in order to facilitate sharing between the various technologies and applications. The adequate spectrum sharing mechanism can be e.g. LBT (Listen Before Talk), DAA (Detect And Avoid) or any other mechanism providing a similar level of mitigation. EN 301 893 / ECC/DEC/(04)08 / ERC/REC 70-03, Annex A. limited to 100 mW instead of 200 mW without TPC limited to power density of 2.5mW/MHz limited to 500 mW instead of 1 W without TPC Transmit power / Power density: Max. 1 W e.i.r.p. Max. 50 mW/MHz e.i.r.p. density in any 1 MHz band. WAS/RLANs operating in the band 5470 - 5725 MHz shall either employ transmitter power control (TPC), which provides, on average, a mitigation factor of at least 3 dB on the maximum permitted output power of the systems; or if transmitter power control is not in use, the maximum permitted e.i.r.p. and the corresponding e.i.r.p. density limits shall be reduced by 3 dB. Type of Antenna: integral or dedicated. EN 301 893 / ECC/DEC/(04)08 /-. Channel access and occupation rules: WAS/RLANs operating in the bands 5470 - 5725 MHz shall use mitigation techniques that give at least the same protection as the detection, operational and response requirements described in EN 301 893 to ensure compatible operation with radiodetermination systems (radars). Such mitigation techniques shall equalise the probability of selecting a specific channel for all available channels so as to ensure, on average, a near-uniform spread of spectrum loading. The equipment shall implement an adequate spectrum sharing mechanism in order to facilitate sharing between the various technologies and applications. The adequate spectrum sharing mechanism can be e.g. LBT (Listen Before Talk), DAA (Detect And Avoid) or any other mechanism providing a similar level of mitigation. EN 301 893 / ECC/DEC/(04)08 /-.

Caption
Text	Meaning
Yes	MAY be used without restrictions.
No	SHOULD NOT be used.
Indoors	MUST be used indoor only.
DFS	MUST be used with DFS regardless indoor or outdoor.
SRD	MUST comply with SRD requirements regardless indoor or outdoor.
Indoors/DFS	MUST be used with DFS and indoor only.
Indoors/TPC	MUST be used with TPC and indoor only.
DFS/TPC	MUST be used with DFS and TPC.
DFS/TPC + SRD	MUST be used with DFS, TPC and comply with SRD requirements.
Indoors/DFS/TPC	MUST be used with DFS, TPC and indoor only.
registration needed	MUST be used only after registration.
Unknown	Information not available or defined.
Notes: RFC 2119, RFC 854

United States

Source:[41]

In 2007, the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices operating in the bands of 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications.[42] In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5.470–5.725 GHz band to avoid interference with TDWR, a type of weather radar system.[43] In FCC parlance, these restrictions are now referred to collectively as the "Old Rules". On 10 June 2015, the FCC approved a "new" ruleset for 5 GHz device operation (called the "New Rules"), which adds 160 and 80 MHz channel identifiers, and re-enables previously prohibited DFS channels, in Publication Number 905462.[44] This FCC publication eliminates the ability for manufacturers to have devices approved or modified under the Old Rules in phases; the New Rules apply in all circumstances as of 2 June 2016.[44]

Germany

Germany requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz as well; in addition, the frequency range 5.150–5.350 GHz is allowed only for indoor use, leaving only 5.470–5.725 GHz for outdoor and indoor use.[45]

Since this is the German implementation of EU Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.[46][47]

European standard EN 301 893 covers 5.15–5.725 GHz operation, and as of 23 May 2017 v2.1.1 has been adopted.[48]

Austria

Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.[49] The same restrictions as in Germany apply, only 5.470–5.725 GHz is allowed to be used outdoor and indoor.

South Africa

Source for South Africa: [35]

Japan

Japan's use of 10 and 20 MHz-wide 5 GHz wireless channels is codified by Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) document STD-T71, Broadband Mobile Access Communication System (CSMA).[50] Additional rule specifications relating to 40, 80, and 160 MHz channel allocation has been taken on by Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).[51]

Brazil

In Brazil, the TPC use in 5.150–5.725 GHz band is optional. DFS is required only in the 5.470–5.725 GHz band.[52]

Australia

As of 2015, some of the Australian channels require DFS to be utilised (a significant change from the 2000 regulations, which allowed lower power operation without DFS).[12] As per AS/NZS 4268 B1 and B2, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 GHz and 5470–5725 GHz bands shall implement DFS in accordance with sections 4.7 and 5.3.8 and Annex D of ETSI EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(2). Also as per AS/NZS 4268 B3 and B4, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 MHz and 5470–5725 MHz bands shall implement TPC in accordance with sections 4.4 and 5.3.4 of ETSI EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(1).

New Zealand

New Zealand regulation differs from Australian.[53]

Singapore

Singapore regulatory – IMDA requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHz above 100 mW EIRP and below or equal to 200 mW EIRP, requires DFS capability on 5.250–5.350 GHz below or equal to 100 mW EIRP, and requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.470–5.725 below or equal to 1000mW EIRP. Operating 5.725–5.850 GHz above 1000mW and below or equal to 4000mW EIRP shall be approved on exceptional basis.[30]

South Korea

In Korea, Ministry of Science and ICT has public notices. 신고하지 아니하고 개설할 수 있는 무선국용 무선설비의 기술기준, Technical standard for radio equipment for radio stations that can be opened without reporting. They allowed 160MHz channel bandwidth from 2018-6-27. [54]

China

China MIIT expanded allowed channels as of 31 December 2012 to add UNII-1, 5150–5250 GHz, UNII-2, 5250–5350 GHz (DFS/TPC), similar to European standards EN 301.893 V1.7.1.[55]

5.9 GHz (802.11p)

The 802.11p amendment published on 15 July 2010, specifies WLAN in the licensed band of 5.9 GHz (5.850–5.925 GHz).

6 GHz (802.11ax)

United States[56]

On 23 April 2020, the FCC voted on and ratified a Report and Order[57] to allocate 1.2 GHz of unlicensed spectrum in the 6GHz band (5.925-7.125 GHz) for Wi-Fi use.

The Wi-Fi Alliance has introduced the term "Wi-Fi 6E" to identify and certify Wi-Fi devices that support this new band. Channel numbers will be defined by the IEEE's 802.11ax task group.

Low-Power Indoor (LPI) Operation

USA 6GHz Low Power Indoor Channels
Band	20MHz	40MHz	80MHz	160MHz
[U-NII]-5	24	12	6	3
U-NII-6	5	2.5	1.25	0.5
U-NII-7	17.5	8.75	4.25	2.25
U-NII-8	12.5	5.75	2.5	1.25
TOTAL	59	29	14	7

Note: Partial channels indicate channels that span UNII boundaries, which is permitted in 6GHz LPI operation). Under the proposed channel numbers, the U-NII-7/U-NII-8 boundary is spanned by channels 185 (20MHZ), 187 (40MHz), 183 (80MHz), and 175 (160MHz). The U-NII-6/U-NII-7 boundary is spanned by channels 115 (40MHz), 119 (80MHz), and channel 111 (160MHz).

For use in indoor environments, access points are limited to a maximum EIRP of 30dBm and a maximum Power Spectral Density of 5dBm/MHz. They can operate in this mode on all four U-NII bands (5,6,7,8) without the use of automatic frequency coordination. These types of access points are not permitted to be connectorized for external antennas.

Standard Power

USA 6GHz Standard Power Channels
Band	20MHz	40MHz	80MHz	160MHz
U-NII-5	24	12	6	3
U-NII-6	Not allowed
U-NII-7	17	8	3	1
U-NII-8	Not Allowed
TOTAL	41	20	9	4

Standard power access points are permitted indoors and outdoors at a maximum EIRP of 36dBm in the U-NII-5 and U-NII-7 sub-bands with automatic frequency coordination (AFC).

Very Low Power Devices

The FCC will issue a ruling in the future on a third class of very low power devices such as hotspots and short-range applications.

Client Devices

Clients are limited to 6dBm below the power of the access point.

Europe

The European Commission is expected to rule on 6GHz in early 2021. It is currently expected that EU regulations will permit operation only in the band from 5925-6425MHz (corresponding to the US U-NII-5 band) by Low Power Indoor and Very Low Power devices. [58]

EU 6GHz Channels
Band	20MHz	40MHz	80MHz	160MHz
5925-6425MHz	24	12	6	3

United Kingdom

The UK's OFCOM is expected to generally mirror EU regulations.[59]

60 GHz (802.11ad/ay)

The 802.11ad/ay, also known as WiGig. This operates in the 60 GHz V band ISM band.

Channel	Center (GHz)	Min. (GHz)	Max. (GHz)	BW (GHz)

1	58.32	57.24	59.40	2.16
2	60.48	59.40	61.56
3	62.64	61.56	63.72
4	64.80	63.72	65.88
5	66.96	65.88	68.04
6	69.12	68.04	70.20

Notes

^B In the US, 802.11 operation on channels 12 and 13 is allowed under low power conditions. The 2.4 GHz Part 15 band in the US allows spread-spectrum operation as long as the 50 dB bandwidth of the signal is within the range of 2,400–2,483.5 MHz[60] which fully encompasses both channels 12 and 13. A Federal Communications Commission (FCC) document clarifies that only channel 14 is forbidden and that low-power transmitters with low-gain antennas may operate legally in channels 12 and 13.[61] Channels 12 and 13, however, are not normally used in order to avoid any potential interference in the adjacent restricted frequency band, 2,483.5–2,500 MHz,[62] which is subject to strict emission limits set out in 47 CFR § 15.205.[63] Per recent FCC Order 16-181, "an authorized access point device can only operate in the 2483.5–2495 MHz band when it is operating under the control of a Globalstar Network Operating Center and that a client device can only operate in the 2483.5–2495 MHz band when it is operating under the control of an authorized access point"[64]

In Canada, 12 channels are available for use, 11 of which at full power and the other (channel 12) is transmit power limited. Few devices, however, have a method to enable a lower powered channel 12.

^C Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and CCK modes (Clause 18 a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e., 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 §19.4.2)

References

"WiFi Frequency Bands List". Electronics Notes. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
"IEEE 802.11-2016: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications". IEEE. 14 December 2016. doi:10.1109/IEEESTD.2016.7786995.
"802.11 WiFi Standards Explained". Lifewire. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
"Why Everything Wireless Is 2.4 GHz". WIRED. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
"Advantages and Disadvantages of ISM Band Frequencies". L-com Global Connectivity. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
"IEEE 802.11-2016: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications". IEEE. 14 December 2016. Table 15-6—DSSS PHY frequency channel plan. doi:10.1109/IEEESTD.2016.7786995.
IEEE 802.11-2007 — Table 18-9
"Resolução nº 680, de 27 de junho de 2017". anatel.gov.br. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
France: "WLAN regulatory update". 3 February 2003.
"Cuadro Nacional de Atribución de Frecuencias (CNAF)" [National Table of Attribution of Frequencies (CNAF)] (in Spanish). 6 February 2008. Archived from the original on 6 February 2008. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
Israel: כללי השימוש בתדרים בתחומים 2.4 ו- 5 גה"ץ [Frequency usage rules in fields 2.4 and 5 High] (PDF) (in Hebrew). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2008.
"Radiocommunications (Low Interference Potential Devices) Class Licence 2015". www.legislation.gov.au. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
"Brazil: Resolução nº 506, de 01/07/2008, publicado no Diário Oficial de 07/07/2008, atualizado em 24/11/2010 (in Brazilian Portuguese)" (PDF). p. 33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
"WLAN / RLAN". www.bakom.admin.ch. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
Garcia Villegas, E.; et al. (2007). Effect of adjacent-channel interference in IEEE 802.11 WLANs (PDF). CrownCom 2007. ICST & IEEE. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-07-20.
"Choosing the right Wi-Fi channel can minimize wireless interference". compnetworking.about.com. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
"５ＧＨｚ帯無線アクセスシステム" [5GHz band wireless access system]. 総務省電波利用ホームページ｜免許関係 [Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Radio Usage Homepage | License] (in Japanese).
"eCFR - Code of Federal Regulations". ecfr.gov. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
"RSS-247 — Digital Transmission Systems (DTSs), Frequency Hopping Systems (FHSs) and Licence-Exempt Local Area Network (LE-LAN) Devices". Industry Canada. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
"COMMISSION DECISION of 11 July 2005 on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band for the implementation of wireless access systems including radio local area networks (WAS/RLANs)". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
"COMMISSION DECISION of 12 February 2007 amending Decision 2005/513/EC on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band for the implementation of Wireless Access Systems including Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/RLANs)". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
"ERC Recommendation 70-03 Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD)". www.efis.dk. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
"ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE ECC Decision of 9 July 2004 on the harmonised use of the 5 GHz frequency bands for the implementation of Wireless Access Systems including Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/RLANs)" (PDF). www.erodocdb.dk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-02. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
"ETSI EN 301 893 V2.1.1 (2017–05) 5 GHz RLAN; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU" (PDF). www.etsi.org. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
"UK 5GHz WLAN Spectrum (Aug 2017)" (PDF). Bowden Networks.
"О выделении полос радиочастот устройствам малого радиуса действия" [On the allocation of radio frequency bands to short-range devices] (in Russian). 14 April 2018.
"無線LAN｜基礎知識" [Wireless LAN | Basic Knowledge] (in Japanese). Retrieved 29 April 2018.
"Restudy of 5GHz band radar detection requirement and points to the market growth" (PDF). Retrieved 28 March 2020.
"IDA Singapore: Spectrum Management Handbook" (PDF). May 2011. p. 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
"IMDA Technical Specification Short Range Devices – Issue 1 Rev 1, April 2018 / See Page 13 & 14" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
Hou, Chun "johnson" (1 April 2013). "Wi-Fi Amateur: China Opened More Channels in 5 GHz & Embraced IEEE Std 802.11ac VHT80". wifiamateur.blogspot.com. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
"대한민국 주파수 분배표,과학기술정보통신부고시 제2019-87호, 2019. 10. 18" [Korea Frequency Distribution Table (Ministry of Science and ICT Commission No. 2019-87, 2019.10.18)] (in Korean). Retrieved 2017-08-02.
"신고하지 아니하고 개설할 수 있는 무선국용 무선설비의 기술기준" [Technical standard for radio equipment for radio stations that can be opened without reporting]. NATIONAL LAW INFORMATION CENTER. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"Kısa Mesafe Erişimli Telsiz Cihazları (KET) Yönetmeliği" [Short Distance Radio Devices (KET) Regulation] (PDF). www.tk.gov.tr (in Turkish). 20 March 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-28. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
"The Radio Frequency Spectrum Regulations 2015" (PDF). www.icasa.org.za. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
"頻率供應計畫" [Frequency supply plan] (in Chinese). Ministry Of Transportation and Communication R.O.C. Archived from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
"Radiocommunications Regulations (General User Radio Licence for Short Range Devices) Notice 2019". gazette.govt.nz. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
"FORM OF INDIVIDUAL LICENSE FOR THE USE OF 2.4 and 5 GHz Spectrum" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 August 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
"Quy định danh mục thiết bị vô tuyến điện được miễn giấy phép sử dụng tần số vô tuyến điện, điều kiện kỹ thuật và khai thác kèm theo" (PDF). mic.gov.vn. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
"Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD)". ECC. 13 October 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
IEEE 802.11-2007 Annex J modified by amendments k, y and n.
"15.407 – General technical requirements". louise.hallikainen.org. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
"Publication Number: 443999 Rule Parts: 15E". Federal Communications Commission. 14 August 2014. Devices must be professionally installed when operating in the 5470 – 5725 GHz band
FCC Office of Engineering and Technology. "905462 15.401 UNII, U-NII, DFS Test Procedures". apps.fcc.gov. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
"Bundesnetzagentur Vfg 7/2010 / See footnote 4 and 5 (German only)" (PDF). Retrieved 2 August 2017.
"EUR-Lex – 32005D0513 – EN – EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
"EUR-Lex – 32007D0090 – EN – EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
"Details of 'REN/BRAN-60015' Work Item Schedule". Retrieved 24 December 2018.
"Information of the Austrian Telecommunications Authority – Wireless Local Area Networks (WAS, WLAN, RLAN)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 14, 2019. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
"List of ARIB Standards for Radio". www.arib.or.jp. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
Hou, Chun "johnson" (3 April 2013). "Wi-Fi Amateur: IEEE Std 802.11ac Deployment in Japan". wifiamateur.blogspot.com. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
"Brazil: Resolução nº 506, de 01/07/2008, publicado no Diário Oficial de 07/07/2008 (in Brazilian Portuguese)". Archived from the original on 2017-08-02. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
"Short Range Devices GURL". Radio Spectrum Management New Zealand.
"신고하지 아니하고 개설할 수 있는 무선국용 무선설비의 기술기준" [Technical standard for radio equipment for radio stations that can be opened without reporting]. NATIONAL LAW INFORMATION CENTER. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"工业和信息化部发布5150-5350兆赫兹频段无线接入系统频率使用相关事宜的通知" [Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Issues Notice on Frequency Use of Wireless Access System in the 5150-5350 MHz Band]. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (Press release) (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
"Unlicensed Use of the 6 GHz BandReport and Order and Further Notice of Proposed RulemakingET Docket No. 18-295; GN Docket No. 17-183" (PDF). FCC. 2 April 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
"FCC Opens 6 GHz Band to Wi-Fi and Other Unlicensed Uses". fcc.gov.
"Europe prepares to harmonise the 6 GHz spectrum band for Radio Local Area Networks". ECC Newsletter. August 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
"Ofcom UK to Make 6GHz Band Available for Faster Home Wi-Fi". ISPReview. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
"dead link". Archived from the original on 2012-12-12. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
"TCB workshop on unlicensed devices" (PDF). October 2005. p. 58. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 November 2008.
"NTIA Comments ET Docket No 03-108 02-15-2005". www.ntia.doc.gov. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
"47 CFR Ch. I (10–1–04 Edition)" (PDF). Edocket.access.gpo.gov. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
"FCC 16-181" (PDF). apps.fcc.gov. 23 December 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2017.