List of Prime Ministers of Romania
This is a list of the heads of government of the modern Romanian state, from the establishment of the United Principalities to the present day.
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Romania |
---|
|
|
|
|
Affiliations
The political stance of prime ministers prior to the development of a modern party system is given by:
C (Conservative) | MC (Moderate Conservative) |
RL (Radical Liberal) | ML (Moderate Liberal) |
The political stance of prime ministers after the development of a modern party system is given by:
PNL = National Liberal Party (historical)/(contemporary) | PC = Conservative Party |
PNR/PNȚ/PNȚCD = Romanian National Party/National Peasants' Party/Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party | PP = People's Party |
PCD = Conservative-Democratic Party | Ind. = Independent |
PND = Democratic Nationalist Party | PNC = National Christian Party |
FRN = National Renaissance Front (from 1940 PN; Party of the Nation) | FP = Ploughmen's Front |
PMR = Romanian Workers' Party (from 1965 PCR; Romanian Communist Party) | FSN/PDL = National Salvation Front/Democratic Liberal Party |
PDSR = Party of Social Democracy in Romania (from 2001 PSD; Social Democratic Party) | Mil. = Military |
PSDR = Romanian Social Democratic Party | |
Interim officeholders are denoted by italics.
List of officeholders
From 1859 to 1862, the two Principalities had each its own Government, and a Cabinet, seated in Iași and Bucharest respectively. In 1862 Alexandru Ioan Cuza changed the Constitution and there appeared a single Government and Cabinet, seated in Bucharest.
PM Nº |
Name (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Election | Term of office | Party | Cabinet | Cab. Nº | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||||
United Principalities Presidents of the Council of Ministers 1862–1881 | ||||||||||
1 | Barbu Catargiu (1807–1862) |
? | 15 February 1862 | 8 June 1862 | 113 days | C | B. Catargiu | 1 | ||
— | Apostol Arsache (1789–1869) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 8 June 1862 | 23 June 1862 | 15 days | C | ||||
2 | Nicolae Crețulescu (1812–1900) |
— | 24 June 1862 | 11 October 1863 | 1 year,
108 days |
ML | Crețulescu I | 2 | ||
3 | Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817–1891) |
1864 | 11 October 1863 | 26 January 1865 | 1 year,
106 days |
ML | Kogălniceanu | 3 | ||
4 | Constantin Bosianu (1815–1882) |
— | 26 January 1865 | 14 June 1865 | 139 days | ML | Bosianu | 4 | ||
(2) | Nicolae Crețulescu (1812–1900) (2nd time) |
— | 14 June 1865 | 11 February 1866 | 242 days | ML | Crețulescu II | 5 | ||
5 | Ion Ghica (1816–1897) |
Apr.1866 | 11 February 1866 | 10 May 1866 | 88 days | ML | I. Ghica I | 6 | ||
6 | Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) |
— | 11 May 1866 | 13 July 1866 | 63 days | C | L. Catargiu I | 7 | ||
(5) | Ion Ghica (1816–1897) (2nd time) |
Nov.1866 | 15 July 1866 | 21 February 1867 | 221 days | ML | I. Ghica II | 8 | ||
7 | Constantin A. Crețulescu (1809–1884) |
— | 1 March 1867 | 4 August 1867 | 156 days | RL | C.A. Crețulescu | 9 | ||
8 | Ștefan Golescu (1809–1874) |
— | 26 November 1867 | 12 May 1868 | 168 days | RL | Ș. Golescu | 10 | ||
9 | Nicolae Golescu (1810–1877) |
— | 1 May 1868 | 15 November 1868 | 198 days | RL | N. Golescu | 11 | ||
10 | Dimitrie Ghica (1816–1897) |
— | 16 November 1868 | 27 January 1870 | 1 year,
71 days |
MC | D. Ghica | 12 | ||
11 | Alexandru G. Golescu (1819–1881) |
1869 | 2 February 1870 | 18 April 1870 | 75 days | ML | A.G. Golescu | 13 | ||
12 | Manolache Costache Epureanu (1823–1880) |
— | 20 April 1870 | 14 December 1870 | 238 days | C | Epureanu I | 14 | ||
(5) | Ion Ghica (1816–1897) (3rd time) |
— | 18 December 1870 | 11 March 1871 | 83 days | ML | I. Ghica III | 15 | ||
(6) | Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) (2nd time) |
— | 11 March 1871 | 30 March 1876 | 5 years,
19 days |
C | L. Catargiu II | 16 | ||
13 | Ion Emanuel Florescu (1819–1893) |
— | 4 April 1876 | 26 April 1876 | 22 days | C | Florescu I | 17 | ||
(12) | Manolache Costache Epureanu (1823–1880) (2nd time) |
— | 6 May 1876 | 5 August 1876 | 91 days | PNL | Epureanu II | 18 | ||
14 | Ion Brătianu (1821–1891) |
— | 5 August 1876 | 24 November 1878 | 4 years,
221 days |
PNL | I. Brătianu I | 19 | ||
25 November 1878 | 10 July 1879 | I. Brătianu II | 20 | |||||||
11 July 1879 | 13 March 1881 | I. Brătianu III | 21 | |||||||
Kingdom of Romania Presidents of the Council of Ministers 1881–1947 | ||||||||||
14 | Ion Brătianu (1821–1891) |
— | 13 March 1881 | 9 April 1881 | 27 days | PNL | I. Brătianu III | 21 | ||
15 | Dimitrie Brătianu (1818–1892) |
— | 10 April 1881 | 8 June 1881 | 59 days | PNL | D. Brătianu | 22 | ||
(14) | Ion Brătianu (1821–1891) (2nd time) |
— | 9 June 1881 | 20 March 1888 | 6 years,
284 days |
PNL | I. Brătianu IV | 23 | ||
16 | Theodor Rosetti (1837–1923) |
— | 23 March 1888 | 11 November 1888 | 364 days | PC | Rosetti I | 24 | ||
12 November 1888 | 22 March 1889 | Rosetti II | 25 | |||||||
(6) | Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) (3rd time) |
— | 29 March 1889 | 3 November 1889 | 219 days | PC | L. Catargiu III | 26 | ||
17 | Gheorghe Manu (1833–1911) |
— | 5 November 1889 | 15 February 1891 | 1 year,
101 days |
PC | Manu | 27 | ||
(13) | Ion Emanuel Florescu (1819–1893) (2nd time) |
— | 2 March 1891 | 29 December 1891 | 302 days | PC | Florescu II | 28 | ||
(6) | Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) (4th time) |
— | 29 December 1891 | 15 October 1895 | 3 years,
289 days |
PC | L. Catargiu IV | 29 | ||
18 | Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) |
— | 15 October 1895 | 2 December 1896 | 1 year,
47 days |
PNL | Sturdza I | 30 | ||
19 | Petre S. Aurelian (1833–1909) |
— | 2 December 1896 | 12 April 1897 | 131 days | PNL | Aurelian I | 31 | ||
(18) | Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) (2nd time) |
— | 12 April 1897 | 23 April 1899 | 2 years,
11 days |
PNL | Sturdza II | 32 | ||
20 | Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino (1833–1913) |
— | 23 April 1899 | 19 July 1900 | 1 year,
86 days |
PC | Cantacuzino I | 33 | ||
21 | Petre P. Carp (1837–1919) |
— | 19 July 1900 | 13 February 1901 | 209 days | PC | Carp I | 34 | ||
(18) | Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) (3rd time) |
— | 27 February 1901 | 4 January 1906 | 4 years,
312 days |
PNL | Sturdza III | 35 | ||
(20) | Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino (1833–1913) (2nd time) |
— | 4 January 1906 | 24 March 1907 | 1 year
80 days |
PC | Cantacuzino II | 36 | ||
(18) | Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) (4th time) |
— | 24 March 1907 | 9 January 1909 | 1 year,
289 days |
PNL | Sturdza IV | 37 | ||
22 | Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) |
— | 9 January 1909 | 4 March 1909 | 1 year,
353 days |
PNL | I.I.C. Brătianu I | 38 | ||
4 March 1909 | 28 December 1910 | I.I.C. Brătianu II | 39 | |||||||
(21) | Petre P. Carp (1837–1919) (2nd time) |
— | 29 December 1910 | 28 March 1912 | 1 year,
88 days |
PC | Carp II | 40 | ||
23 | Titu Maiorescu (1840–1917) |
— | 28 March 1912 | 14 October 1912 | 1 year,
276 days |
PC | Maiorescu I | 41 | ||
14 October 1912 | 31 December 1913 | Maiorescu II | 42 | |||||||
(22) | Ion I. C. Brătianu[a] (1864–1927) (2nd time) |
— | 4 January 1914 | 10 December 1916 | 4 years,
24 days |
PNL | I.I.C. Brătianu III | 43 | ||
11 December 1916 | 28 January 1918 | I.I.C. Brătianu IV | 44 | |||||||
24 | Alexandru Averescu[a] (1859–1938) |
— | 29 January 1918 | 4 March 1918 | 34 days | Mil. | Averescu I | 45 | ||
25 | Alexandru Marghiloman[a] (1854–1925) |
— | 5 March 1918 | 23 October 1918 | 232 days | PC | Marghiloman | 46 | ||
26 | Constantin Coandă[a] (1857–1932) |
— | 24 October 1918 | 29 November 1918 | 36 days | Mil. | Coandă | 47 | ||
(22) | Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) (3rd time) |
— | 29 November 1918 | 26 September 1919 | 301 days | PNL | I.I.C. Brătianu V | 48 | ||
27 | Artur Văitoianu (1864–1956) |
— | 27 September 1919 | 30 November 1919 | 64 days | Mil. | Văitoianu | 49 | ||
28 | Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950) |
1919 | 1 December 1919 | 12 March 1920 | 102 days | PNR | Vaida I | 50 | ||
(24) | Alexandru Averescu (1859–1938) (2nd time) |
1920 | 13 March 1920 | 16 December 1921 | 1 year,
276 days |
PP | Averescu II | 51 | ||
29 | Take Ionescu (1858–1922) |
— | 17 December 1921 | 19 January 1922 | 33 days | PCD | Ionescu I | 52 | ||
(22) | Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) (4th time) |
1922 | 19 January 1922 | 29 March 1926 | 4 years,
70 days |
PNL | I.I.C. Brătianu VI | 53 | ||
(24) | Alexandru Averescu (1859–1938) (3rd time) |
1926 | 30 March 1926 | 4 June 1927 | 1 year,
65 days |
PP | Averescu III | 54 | ||
30 | Barbu Știrbey (1873–1946) |
— | 4 June 1927 | 20 June 1927 | 16 days | Ind. | Știrbey | 55 | ||
(22) | Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) (5th time) |
1927 | 21 June 1927 | 24 November 1927 | 156 days | PNL | I.I.C. Brătianu VII | 56 | ||
31 | Vintilă Brătianu (1867–1930) |
— | 24 November 1927 | 9 November 1928 | 351 days | PNL | V. Brătianu | 57 | ||
32 | Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953) |
1928 | 10 November 1928 | 6 June 1930 | 1 year,
209 days |
PNȚ | Maniu I | 58 | ||
33 | Gheorghe Mironescu (1874–1949) |
— | 7 June 1930 | 12 June 1930 | 5 days | PNȚ | Mironescu I | 59 | ||
(32) | Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953) (2nd time) |
— | 13 June 1930 | 9 October 1930 | 118 days | PNȚ | Maniu II | 60 | ||
(33) | Gheorghe Mironescu (1874–1949) (2nd time) |
— | 10 October 1930 | 17 April 1931 | 189 days | PNȚ | Mironescu II | 61 | ||
34 | Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940) |
1931 | 18 April 1931 | 5 June 1932 | 1 year,
48 days |
PND | Iorga | 62 | ||
(28) | Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950) (2nd time) |
1932 | 6 June 1932 | 10 August 1932 | 135 days | PNȚ | Vaida II | 63 | ||
— | 11 August 1932 | 19 October 1932 | Vaida III | 64 | ||||||
(32) | Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953) (3rd time) |
— | 20 October 1932 | 13 January 1933 | 85 days | PNȚ | Maniu III | 65 | ||
(28) | Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950) (3rd time) |
— | 14 January 1933 | 13 November 1933 | 303 days | PNȚ | Vaida IV | 66 | ||
35 | Ion G. Duca (1879–1933) |
1933 | 14 November 1933 | 29 December 1933 | 45 days | PNL | Duca | 67 | ||
— | Constantin Angelescu (1870–1948) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 29 December 1933 | 3 January 1934 | 5 days | PNL | ||||
36 | Gheorghe Tătărescu (1886–1957) |
— | 4 January 1934 | 1 October 1934 | 3 years,
359 days |
PNL | Tătărescu I | 68 | ||
2 October 1934 | 28 August 1936 | Tătărescu II | 69 | |||||||
29 August 1936 | 14 November 1937 | Tătărescu III | 70 | |||||||
17 November 1937 | 28 December 1937 | Tătărescu IV | 71 | |||||||
37 | Octavian Goga (1881–1938) |
1937 | 29 December 1937 | 10 February 1938 | 43 days | PNC | Goga | 72 | ||
38 | Patriarch Miron Cristea (1868–1939) |
— | 11 February 1938 | 29 March 1938 | 1 year,
23 days |
Ind. | Cristea I | 73 | ||
30 March 1938 | 31 January 1939 | Cristea II | 74 | |||||||
1 February 1939 | 6 March 1939 | Cristea III | 75 | |||||||
39 | Armand Călinescu (1893–1939) |
1939 | 7 March 1939 | 21 September 1939 | 198 days | FRN | Călinescu | 76 | ||
40 | Gheorghe Argeșanu (1883–1940) |
— | 21 September 1939 | 28 September 1939 | 7 days | Mil. | Argeșanu | 77 | ||
41 | Constantin Argetoianu (1871–1955) |
— | 28 September 1939 | 23 November 1939 | 56 days | FRN | Argetoianu | 78 | ||
(36) | Gheorghe Tătărescu (1886–1957) (2nd time) |
— | 24 November 1939 | 10 May 1940 | 222 days | FRN | Tătărescu V | 79 | ||
11 May 1940 | 3 July 1940 | Tătărescu VI | 80 | |||||||
42 | Ion Gigurtu (1886–1959) |
— | 4 July 1940 | 4 September 1940 | 62 days | FRN | Gigurtu | 81 | ||
43 | Ion Antonescu[b] (1882–1946) |
— | 4 September 1940 | 14 September 1940 | 3 years,
353 days |
Mil. | Antonescu I | 82 | ||
14 September 1940 | 24 January 1941 | Antonescu II | 83 | |||||||
27 January 1941 | 23 August 1944 | Antonescu III | 84 | |||||||
44 | Constantin Sănătescu (1885–1947) |
— | 23 August 1944 | 3 November 1944 | 104 days | Mil. | Sănătescu I | 85 | ||
4 November 1944 | 5 December 1944 | Sănătescu II | 86 | |||||||
45 | Nicolae Rădescu (1874–1953) |
— | 6 December 1944 | 28 February 1945 | 84 days | Mil. | Rădescu | 87 | ||
46 | Petru Groza (1884–1958) |
— | 6 March 1945 | 30 November 1946 | 2 years,
296 days |
FP | Groza I | 88 | ||
1946 | 1 December 1946 | 29 December 1947 | Groza II | 89 | ||||||
Romanian People's Republic/Socialist Republic of Romania Presidents of the Council of Ministers (informally Prime Ministers) 1947–1989 | ||||||||||
46 | Petru Groza (1884–1958) |
— | 30 December 1947 | 14 April 1948 | 4 years,
155 days |
FP | Groza III | 90 | ||
1948 | 15 April 1948 | 2 June 1952 | Groza IV | 91 | ||||||
47 | Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (1901–1965) |
— | 2 June 1952 | 28 January 1953 | 2 years,
123 days |
PMR | Gheorghiu-Dej I | 92 | ||
1952 | 28 January 1953 | 4 October 1955 | Gheorghiu-Dej II | 93 | ||||||
48 | Chivu Stoica (1908–1975) |
— | 4 October 1955 | 19 March 1957 | 5 years,
168 days |
PMR | Stoica I | 94 | ||
1957 | 20 March 1957 | 20 March 1961 | Stoica II | 95 | ||||||
49 | Ion Gheorghe Maurer (1902–2000) |
1961 | 21 March 1961 | 17 March 1965 | 12 years,
340 days |
PCR | Maurer I | 96 | ||
1965 | 18 March 1965 | 20 August 1965 | Maurer II | 97 | ||||||
— | 21 August 1965 | 8 December 1967 | Maurer III | 98 | ||||||
— | 9 December 1967 | 12 March 1969 | Maurer IV | 99 | ||||||
1969 | 13 March 1969 | 27 February 1974 | Maurer V | 100 | ||||||
50 | Manea Mănescu (1916–2009) |
— | 27 February 1974 | 18 March 1975 | 5 years,
33 days |
PCR | Mănescu I | 101 | ||
1975 | 18 March 1975 | 30 March 1979 | Mănescu II | 102 | ||||||
51 | Ilie Verdeț (1925–2001) |
— | 30 March 1979 | 29 March 1980 | 3 years,
50 days |
PCR | Verdeț I | 103 | ||
1980 | 29 March 1980 | 20 May 1982 | Verdeț II | 104 | ||||||
52 | Constantin Dăscălescu (1923–2003) |
— | 21 May 1982 | 28 March 1985 | 7 years,
214 days |
PCR | Dăscălescu I | 105 | ||
1985 | 29 March 1985 | 22 December 1989 | Dăscălescu II | 106 | ||||||
Romania since 1989 | ||||||||||
— | Council of the National Salvation Frontde facto | — | 22 December 1989 | 26 December 1989 | 4 days | FSN | Provisional | — | ||
53 | Petre Roman[c] (born 1946) |
— | 26 December 1989 | 28 June 1990 | 1 years,
325 days |
FSN | Roman I | 107 | ||
1990 | 28 June 1990 | 30 April 1991 | Roman II | 108 | ||||||
— | 30 April 1991 | 16 October 1991 | Roman III | 109 | ||||||
54 | Theodor Stolojan (born 1943) |
— | 16 October 1991 | 19 November 1992 | 1 year,
3 days |
Ind. | Stolojan I | 110 | ||
55 | Nicolae Văcăroiu (born 1943) |
1992 | 19 November 1992 | 11 December 1996 | 4 years,
22 days |
PDSR | Văcăroiu I | 111 | ||
56 | Victor Ciorbea (born 1954) |
1996 | 12 December 1996 | 30 March 1998 | 1 year,
109 days |
PNȚCD | Ciorbea I | 112 | ||
— | Gavril Dejeu (born 1932) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 30 March 1998 | 17 April 1998 | 18 days | PNȚCD | ||||
57 | Radu Vasile (1942–2013) |
— | 17 April 1998 | 13 December 1999 | 1 year,
239 days |
PNȚCD | Vasile I | 113 | ||
— | Alexandru Athanasiu (born 1955) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 13 December 1999 | 22 December 1999 | 9 days | PSDR | ||||
58 | Mugur Isărescu (born 1949) |
— | 22 December 1999 | 28 December 2000 | 1 year,
6 days |
Ind. | Isărescu I | 114 | ||
59 | Adrian Năstase (born 1950) |
2000 | 28 December 2000 | 21 December 2004 | 3 years,
358 days |
PSD | Năstase I | 115 | ||
— | Eugen Bejinariu (born 1959) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 21 December 2004 | 28 December 2004 | 7 days | PSD | ||||
60 | Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu (born 1952) |
2004 | 29 December 2004 | 5 April 2007 | 3 years,
358 days |
PNL | Tăriceanu I | 116 | ||
— | 5 April 2007 | 22 December 2008 | Tăriceanu II | 117 | ||||||
61 | Emil Boc (born 1966) |
2008 | 22 December 2008 | 23 December 2009 | 3 years,
45 days |
PDL | Boc Cabinets | 118 | ||
— | 23 December 2009 | 6 February 2012 | 119 | |||||||
— | Cătălin Predoiu (born 1968) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 6 February 2012 | 9 February 2012 | 3 days | Ind. | ||||
62 | Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu (born 1968) |
— | 9 February 2012 | 7 May 2012 | 88 days | Ind. | Ungureanu | 120 | ||
63 | Victor Ponta (born 1972) |
— | 7 May 2012 | 21 December 2012 | 3 years,
45 days |
PSD | Ponta I | 121 | ||
2012 | 21 December 2012 | 26 February 2014 | Ponta II | 122 | ||||||
— | 5 March 2014 | 17 December 2014 | Ponta III | 123 | ||||||
— | 17 December 2014 | 22 June 2015 | Ponta IV | 124 | ||||||
— | Gabriel Oprea (born 1961) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 22 June 2015 | 9 July 2015 | 17 days | UNPR | ||||
(63) | Victor Ponta (born 1972) |
— | 9 July 2015 | 29 July 2015 | 20 days | PSD | ||||
— | Gabriel Oprea (born 1961) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 29 July 2015 | 10 August 2015 | 12 days | UNPR | ||||
(63) | Victor Ponta (born 1972) |
— | 10 August 2015 | 5 November 2015 | 87 days | PSD | ||||
— | Sorin Cîmpeanu (born 1968) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 5 November 2015 | 17 November 2015 | 12 days | ALDE | ||||
64 | Dacian Cioloș (born 1969) |
— | 17 November 2015 | 4 January 2017 | 1 year,
48 days |
Ind. | Cioloș | 125 | ||
65 | Sorin Grindeanu (born 1973) |
2016 | 4 January 2017 | 29 June 2017 | 176 days | PSD | Grindeanu | 126 | ||
66 | Mihai Tudose (born 1967) |
— | 29 June 2017 | 16 January 2018 | 201 days | PSD | Tudose | 127 | ||
— | Mihai Fifor (born 1970) Acting Prime Minister |
— | 16 January 2018 | 29 January 2018 | 13 days | PSD | ||||
67 | Viorica Dăncilă (born 1963) |
— | 29 January 2018 | 4 November 2019 | 1 year,
236 days |
PSD | Dăncilă | 128 | ||
68 | Ludovic Orban (born 1963) |
— | 4 November 2019 | 14 March 2020 | 131 days | PNL | Orban I | 129 | ||
14 March 2020 | present | 99 days | Orban II | 130 |
Romania used the Julian calendar prior to 1919, but all dates are given in the Gregorian calendar.
Timeline
19th century
20th century
21st century
Notes
- ^ Due to World War I, served in refuge at Iași, 3 December 1916 – 29 November 1918
- ^ From 14 September 1940, styled Conducător
- ^ Interim until 20 June 1990, following elections
See also
References
- Nicolae C. Nicolescu, Șefii de stat și de guvern ai României (1859–2003), Editura Meronia, Bucharest, 2003
- Stelian Neagoe, Istoria guvernelor României de la începuturi – 1859 până în zilele noastre – 1995, Editura Machiavelli, Bucharest, 1995
External links
- (in Romanian) Guvernele României
- Government site