Lembitu

Lembitu (Estonian also: Lembit, died 21 September 1217) was an ancient Estonian king of Sakala County and military leader in the struggle against conquest of the Estonian lands by the German Livonian Brothers of the Sword at the beginning of the 13th century. He is the only Estonian pre-Crusade ruler, about whom some biographical information is known (he is mentioned only in the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia).[1]

Lembitu
Elder of Sakala
Monument to Lembitu at Suure-Jaani, Estonia.
ReignUntil 21 September 1217
SuccessorUnnepewe, his brother
Born12th century
Died(1217-09-21)21 September 1217
Near Viljandi
IssueOne or several sons

Lembitu, also referred to in Latin as Lambite, Lembito or Lembitus, was first mentioned in chronicles in 1211. Troops led by Lembitu destroyed a troop of missionaries in the historical Estonian county of Sakala (Sackalia) and made a raid as far as Pskov, then a town of the Novgorod Republic. In 1215, Lembitu's Lehola (Leal) stronghold (situated near the present town of Suure-Jaani) was taken by Germans and Lembitu was taken prisoner. He was released in 1217.

Lembitu attempted to unite the Estonians in order to withstand the German conquest. He managed to assemble an army of 6,000 Estonian men from different counties, but was killed in the following Battle of St. Matthew's Day in September 1217.[2]

Searching the skull of Lembitu in Poland

There are rumors that Lembitu skull might be in some museum in Poland. In the 70s some Polish students visited Estonia and told here that in one museum there is a skull of an "Estonian king" with description "Rex Estorum". In 2017 Estonia and Poland began investigations, but it is very time-consuming because in Poland there are lot of museums, even small ones (like monastery museums, local museums etc.).[3]

See also

References
  1. Miljan, Toivo (2004). Historical Dictionary of Estonia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4904-4.
  2. Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. 1970. p. 734.
  3. https://www.err.ee/619687/eesti-ja-poola-ulikoolid-uurivad-legendi-lembitu-pea-kohta
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