Kwinti people

The Kwinti are a "Maroon" Bushinengue ethnic group, descendants of runaway African slaves, living in the forested interior of Suriname on the bank of the Coppename River, and the eponymous term for their language, which has less than 300 speakers.[1] Their language is an English-based creole with Dutch, Portuguese and other influences. It is similar to the languages spoken by the Aluku and Paramaccan Maroons,[2] and split from Sranan Tongo in the middle 18th century.[3] The Kwinti had a population of about 300 in 1977 and adhered to the Moravian Church.[4] As of 2000, the Kwinti have a granman.[5]

History

The tribe was known from the early 18th century and there were several raids between the Kwinti and the colonists. On 19 September 1762, the Dutch signed a peace treaty with the Saramaka.[6] In 1769, the Matawai split from the Saramaka, and asked the Government for weapons against the Kwinti who had raided the Onoribo plantation in November 1766.[7] During the late 18th century there were many attacks by the Matawai or the colonists against the Kwinti. During the 19th century the tribe is hardly ever mentioned until a peace agreement is signed in 1887.[8]

Villages

The Kwinti are in a minority in the following villages:[12]

See also

References
  1. Borges 2014, p. 195.
  2. Hoogbergen 1992.
  3. Borges 2014, p. 188.
  4. Albert Helman (1977). "Cultureel mozaïek van Suriname". Digital Library for Dutch Literature (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  5. "Opperhoofd der Kwinti's, André Mathias, ingeslapen; RO krijgt rapportage". Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  6. "Twee rechtssystemen Suriname botsen in Saramaka-vonnis". Dagblad Suriname (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  7. Hoogbergen 1992, p. 42.
  8. Hoogbergen 1992, p. 52.
  9. Migge & Léglise 2013, p. 83.
  10. Chris de Beet (1981). "People in between: the Matawai Maroons of Suriname". Digital Library for Dutch Literature (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  11. "Omstreden Kwinti hoofdkapitein buiten functie". Werkgroep Caraibische Letteren (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  12. Borges 2014, p. 181.

Bibliography
  • Borges, Roger (2014). The Life of Languagedynamics of language contact in Suriname (PDF) (Thesis). Utrecht: Radboud University Nijmegen.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hoogbergen, Wim (1992). Origins of the Suriname Kwinti Maroons, New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 66, no: 1/2, Leiden, 27-59, KITLV. Green, E.C., The Matawai Maroons: An Acculturating Afro American Society, PhD. dissertation, Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America, 1974.
  • Migge, Bettina; Léglise, Isabelle (2013). Exploring Language in a Multilingual Context: Variation, Interaction and Ideology in Language Documentation. New York: Cambridge University Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)


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