Kosmos 782
Bion 3 or Kosmos 782 (in Russian: Бион 3, Космос 782) was a Bion satellite. It carried 14 experiments prepared by seven countries in all, with participation from scientists in France, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Soviet Union and the United States.
 On display at the Moscow Space Museum: The circular viewport was installed for display purposes. | |
| Mission type | Bioscience |
|---|---|
| Operator | Institute of Biomedical Problems |
| COSPAR ID | 1975-110A |
| SATCAT no. | 8450 |
| Mission duration | 19.5 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Bion |
| Manufacturer | TsSKB |
| Launch mass | 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) |
| Dry mass | 3,100 kg (6,800 lb)[1] |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 25 November 1975, 14:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U11A511U |
| Launch site | Plesetsk 43/3 |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 15 December 1975, 04:48 UTC[2] |
| Landing site | 52°17′N 64°11′E Near Amankaragaj, Kazakhstan, Soviet Union |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Eccentricity | 0.01337 |
| Perigee altitude | 226 kilometres (140 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 405 kilometres (252 mi) |
| Inclination | 62.8° |
| Period | 90.5 minutes |
| Epoch | 25 November 1975[3] |
Mission
Launched from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on November 25, 1975, the biosatellite was recovered in Siberia on December 15 after 19.5 days. It included a centrifuge with revolving and fixed sections in which identical groups of animals, plants, and cells could be compared. The subject animals included white rats and tortoises. The effects of aging on fruit fly livers and plant tissues with grafted cancerous growths were also studied.
More than 20 different species were flown on the mission, including 25 unrestrained male Wistar rats, fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), carrot tissues, and 1,000 embryos of the fish Fundulus heteroclitus (a small shallow-water minnow). A U.S. radiation dosimeter experiment was also carried out without using biological materials. This was the only Bion mission where the United States provided some of the biological specimens.[4][5]
See also
Bibliography
- Kozlov, D I (1996). Mashnostroenie, ed. Konstruirovanie avtomaticheskikh kosmicheskikh apparatov. Moscow. ISBN.
- Melnik, T G (1997). Nauka, ed. Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Sili. Moscow. ISBN.
- "Bion' nuzhen lyudyam". Novosti Kosmonavtiki (6): 35. 1996.
References
- Antonín Vitek (14 November 2008). "1975-110A - Kosmos 782". Space 40 (in Czech). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- Bion. Zarya. Retrieved 2016-06-10.
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Telemetry Details". NSSDCA Master Catalog. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- "4.G The Cosmos Biosatellite Program". Lis.arc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2013-02-15. Retrieved 2014-03-12.
- "NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details". Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. 2013-08-16. Retrieved 2014-03-12.
External links
- Cosmos 782. NASA Ames Research Center