Kongu Vellalar

Kongu Vellalar is a sub-caste of Vellalar community found in the western region of Tamil Nadu, which is known as Kongu Nadu. The Kongu Vellala Gounders were classified as a Forward Caste (General class) at the time of Indian independence but they successfully requested to be reclassified as a Backward Class in 1975.[2]

Kongu Vellalar
ClassificationBackward Class
LanguagesTamil (Kongu Tamil)
CountryIndia
Original stateTamil Nadu
Populated statesMajor population in Tamil Nadu; Minor population in Karnataka and Kerala; diaspora in United Kingdom, the United States, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa and Sri Lanka[1]
RegionKongu Nadu
Related groupsVellalar

Etymology

They are also known by names such as Bupaalan, ''Kudiyaanavar and ''Vivasaayi, and use the title Gounder as a caste appellation in their personal names.[3]

History

The Kongu Vellalar were inhabitants of the Kongu country since atleast the 10th century CE.[4]

The Vellalars of Kongu region came to be known as Kongu Vellalar or Gounder, though both the names have also been treated separately in some regions.[5]

The community plays a significant role in the political and economic life of the Kongu Nadu region.[6][7]

Culture

Wedding

The community has its own style of marriage ceremony. The ceremony is led by person called an Arumbukarar or Arumaikkarar.[8] A long song composed by a Poet and Tamil Saint Kambar, called "Mangala Valthu", is usually sung.[9] In the wedding ceremony, the brother of the bride and sister of the groom play significant roles.[10]

Thaali

A Mangala Sutra is a necklace that the groom ties around the bride's neck in the Indian subcontinent, in a ceremony called Mangalya Dharanam, which identifies her as a married woman.[11] It is called, thaali (தாலி), maangalyam (மாங்கல்யம்) in Tamil. The traditional Kongu Vellala Gounder Thaali is shown below:

  • Kongu Vellala Gounder Thaali

References
  1. Sivan, Jayaraj (21 May 2009). "Gounder consolidation could pose headache to major parties". The Times of India. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  2. Prasad, K.V. (8 May 2009). "Looking to create a Kongu stronghold". The Hindu. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  3. Rajannan, Busnagi; India), Institute of Kongu Studies (Salem (1992). Salem cyclopedia: a cultural and historical dictionary of Salem District, Tamil Nadu. Institute of Kongu Studies. p. 340.
  4. Busnagi Rajannan, Institute of Kongu Studies (Salem, India). Salem cyclopedia: a cultural and historical dictionary of Salem District, Tamil Nadu. Institute of Kongu Studies, 1992. p. 5.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Scarecrow Press. p. 303. ISBN 9780810864450.
  6. Gounder consolidation could pose headache to major parties – Times Of India
  7. Menon, Jaya (15 February 2011). "Rahul keen to test western belt". The Times of India. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  8. Beck, Brenda (1972). Peasant Society of Konku: A Study of right and left subastes in South India. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver. p. 299. ISBN 0-7748-0014-3.
  9. Sundaram, B. Meenakshi (20 September 2015). "Kambar, Kongunadu's Friend or Foe?". New Indian Express. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  10. Beck, Brenda (1972). Peasant Society of Konku: A Study of right and left subastes in South India. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver. p. 240. ISBN 0-7748-0014-3.
  11. Subhamoy Das. "Mangalsutra Necklace – Hindu Symbol of Love & Marriage". About.com Religion & Spirituality. Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
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