Kirill Razumovski

Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky (Russian: Кирилл Григорьевич Разумовский, Ukrainian: Кирило Григорович Розумовський Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovsky;[2] 18 March 1728 – 1 January 1803) was a Ukrainian Cossack-born Russian Imperial state figure, who served as the last Hetman of Zaporizhian Host on both sides of the Dnieper (from 1750 until 1764) and then as Field marshal of Russian Imperial Army. He was also a President of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences (from 1746 until 1798).

Kirill Razumovsky
Portrait of Count Kirill Razumovsky, by Louis Tocqué, 1758.
Hetman of Zaporizhian Host
In office
1750–1764
MonarchElizabeth
Peter III
Catherine the Great
Preceded byoffice revived (previously Danylo Apostol)
Succeeded byoffice liquidated
Personal details
Born
Kyrylo (or Kirill) Rozum

(1728-03-18)18 March 1728
Lemeshi, Kiev Regiment, Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire
Died9 January 1803(1803-01-09) (aged 74)
Baturyn, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire
Resting placeRefectory Church of Resurrection of Christ,[1] Baturyn
CitizenshipRussian Empire (subject)
NationalityUkrainian
Spouse(s)Yekaterina Ivanovna Naryshkina
ChildrenAleksey, Andrey, Petr, Lev, Grigoriy, Ivan, Natalia, Elizabeth, Anna, Paraskeva
ResidenceSaint Petersburg
Baturyn, Kiev Viceroyalty
Military service
AllegianceRussian Empire
RankField Marshal (1764)

Biography
Restored Palace of Rozumovsky in Baturyn

Razumovsky was born to a family of low rank Cossack Hryhoriy Rozum in Lemeshi, Kiev Regiment on 18 March 1728.[1] The village Lemeshi where Razumovsky was born to this day stands in Kozelets Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine.

From 1743 to 1744 Kirill Razumovsky incognito attended the University of Göttingen. Razumovsky's adjutant in his journey to Germany was Grigory Teplov. Teplov was wielded influence over Little Russia in his capacity as the secretary and advisor to Kirill Razumovsky (whose cousin he married). Razumovsky was appointed President of the Russian Academy of Sciences when he just turned 18 years old due to the influence of his brother, Aleksey Razumovsky, the morganatic husband of Empress Elisabeth of Russia.

In 1750, Razumovsky was elected and subsequently appointed Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, a title he held until Catherine II of Russia abolished this title in 1764, in exchange Razumovsky was granted a rank of Field marshal of Russian Army in 1764. During his service as Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, Baturin was re-established as residence of Hetman and Razumovsky had opulent baroque palaces erected both in Baturin as well as in Glukhov by the imperial architect Andrey Kvasov and Charles Cameron. Together with Grigory Teplov he also planned to open a university in Baturin. Kirill Razumovsky died in January 1803 in Baturin, where he was interred according to his wishes without any pomp, in stark contrast to his rather flamboyant lifestyle.

Kirill had five sons, of whom Count Aleksey Kirillovich Razumovsky (1748-1822) was the Minister of Education in 1810-16, and Prince Andrey Razumovsky (1752-1836) was the Russian plenipotentiary ambassador in Vienna in the years of the Congress 1814-1815. However, Andrey has become better known for his role as patron of Ludwig van Beethoven who dedicated three String Quartets, Op.59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the 5th and 6th Symphonies to him. Any living descendants in the male line of Kirill Razumovsky arise from the progeniture of his fourth son Gregory Razumovsky (1759-1837), who had to emigrate to Western Europe and acquired relative fame as natural scientist and member of a number of distinguished scientific societies in Austria, Prussia and Switzerland.

Arms
Coat of arms of Kirill Razumovski

Literature
  • Maria Razumovsky. Die Rasumovskys: eine Familie am Zarenhof. Köln 1998. — 300 S.

References
  1. Putro, O. Kyrylo Rozumovsky (РОЗУМОВСЬКИЙ КИРИЛО ГРИГОРОВИЧ). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.
  2. Oleksander Ohloblyn. Rozumovsky, Kyrylo. Encyclopedia of Ukraine
Predessor
Governing Council
(Yakiv Lyzohub)		 Hetman of Zaporizhian Host
1750–1764		 Successor
Collegium of Little Russia
(post liquidated)
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