Kavli Prize

The Kavli Prize was established in 2005 through a joint venture between the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, and The Kavli Foundation. The main objective for the Prize is to honor, support and recognize scientists for outstanding scientific work in the fields of astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience and award three international prizes every second year. The Kavli Prize was awarded the first time in Oslo, 9 September 2008. The Prizes were presented by Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway. Each of the three Kavli Prizes consists of a gold medal, a scroll, and a cash award of US$1,000,000.

The Kavli Prize
Awarded forAwarded for outstanding contributions in Astrophysics, Nanoscience and Neuroscience.
CountryNorway
Presented byNorwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Kavli Foundation
Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research
First awarded2008
Websitehttp://www.kavliprize.no

Selection committees

The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters appoints the three Prize Committees consisting of leading international scientists after receiving recommendations made by the following international academies and equivalent scientific organisations:

These distinguished panels of international scientist's reviews and recommend the prize winners on basis of a nomination process. The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters administer the selection process and announce the prize winners.

Laureates

Astrophysics
Year Laureate Institution Country Citation
2008 Maarten Schmidt California Institute of Technology "for their seminal contributions to understanding the nature of quasars"
Donald Lynden-Bell Cambridge University
2010 Jerry E. Nelson Lick Observatory, University of California, Santa Cruz "for their contributions to the development of giant telescopes"
Raymond N. Wilson European Southern Observatory, Garching
James Roger Angel Steward Observatory, University of Arizona
2012 David C. Jewitt University of California Los Angeles "for discovering and characterizing the Kuiper Belt and its largest members, work that led to a major advance in the understanding of the history of our planetary system"
Jane X. Luu Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Michael E. Brown California Institute of Technology
2014 Alan H. Guth Massachusetts Institute of Technology "for pioneering the theory of cosmic inflation"
Andrei D. Linde Stanford University
Alexei A. Starobinsky Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics
2016 Ronald W.P. Drever California Institute of Technology "for the direct detection of gravitational waves"[1]
Kip S. Thorne California Institute of Technology
Rainer Weiss Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2018 Ewine van Dishoeck Leiden University "for her combined contributions to observational, theoretical, and laboratory astrochemistry, elucidating the life cycle of interstellar clouds and the formation of stars and planets"[2][3]
2020 Andrew Fabian University of Cambridge "for his groundbreaking research in the field of observational X-ray astronomy, covering a wide range of topics from gas flows in clusters of galaxies to supermassive black holes at the heart of galaxies"[4]

Nanoscience
Year Laureate Institution Country Citation
2008 Louis Brus Columbia University "for their large impact in the development of the nanoscience field of the zero and one dimensional nanostructures in physics, chemistry and biology"
Sumio Iijima Meijo University
2010 Donald Eigler IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose "for their development of unprecedented methods to control matter on the nanoscale"
Nadrian C. Seeman New York University
2012 Mildred S. Dresselhaus Massachusetts Institute of Technology "for her pioneering contributions to the study of phonons, electron-phonon interactions, and thermal transport in nanostructures"
2014 Thomas W. Ebbesen University of Strasbourg "for transformative contributions to the field of nano-optics that have broken long-held beliefs about the limitations of the resolution limits of optical microscopy and imaging"
Stefan W. Hell Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
John B. Pendry Imperial College London
2016 Gerd Binnig IBM Zurich Research Laboratory "for the invention and realization of atomic force microscopy, a breakthrough in measurement technology and nanosculpting that continues to have a transformative impact on nanoscience and technology"[5]
Christoph Gerber University of Basel
Calvin Quate Stanford University
2018 Emmanuelle Charpentier Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology "for the invention of CRISPR-Cas9, a precise nanotool for editing DNA, causing a revolution in biology, agriculture, and medicine"[6][3]
Jennifer Doudna University of California, Berkeley
Virginijus Šikšnys Vilnius University
2020 Harald Rose Universität Ulm “for sub-ångström resolution imaging and chemical analysis using electron beams”[7]
Maximilian Haider CEOS GmbH
Knut Urban Forschungszentrum Jülich
Ondrej Krivanek Nion Co

Neuroscience
Year Laureate Institution Country Citation
2008 Sten Grillner Karolinska Institute "for discoveries on the developmental and functional logic of neuronal circuits"
Thomas Jessell Columbia University
Pasko Rakic Yale University School of Medicine
2010 Richard H. Scheller Genentech, South San Francisco, California "for discovering the molecular basis of neurotransmitter release"
Thomas C. Südhof Stanford University School of Medicine
James E. Rothman Yale University
2012 Cornelia Isabella Bargmann Rockefeller University "for elucidating basic neuronal mechanisms underlying perception and decision"
Winfried Denk Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
Ann M. Graybiel Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2014 Brenda Milner Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University "for the discovery of specialized brain networks for memory and cognition"
John O’Keefe University College London
Marcus E. Raichle Washington University, St.Louis
2016 Eve Marder Brandeis University "for the discovery of mechanisms that allow experience and neural activity to remodel brain function"[8]
Michael M. Merzenich University of California, San Francisco
Carla J. Shatz Stanford University
2018 A. James Hudspeth Rockefeller University "for their scientific discoveries of the molecular and neural mechanisms of hearing"[9][3]
Robert Fettiplace University of Wisconsin–Madison
Christine Petit Collège de France
2020 David Julius University of California, San Francisco “for their transformative discovery of receptors for temperature and pressure”.[10]
Ardem Patapoutian Scripps Research and Howard Hughes Medical Investigator

See also

References
  1. "2016 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2016-06-02.
  2. "2018 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics | www.kavliprize.org". Kavil Prize. 2018-05-31. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  3. "Jennifer Doudna shares 2018 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience". Berkeley News. 2018-05-31. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  4. "2020 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics". www.kavliprize.org. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  5. "2016 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2016-06-02.
  6. "2018 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  7. 2020 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience". www.kavliprize.org. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  8. "2016 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2016-06-02.
  9. "2018 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  10. 2020 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience". www.kavliprize.org. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
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