Jinguofortisidae

Jinguofortisids; Temporal range: Early Cretaceous, 135–113 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Type specimen of Jinguofortis perplexus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	Pygostylia
Family:	†Jinguofortisidae; Wang et al., 2018
Genera
	†Chongmingia; †Jinguofortis;

Jinguofortisidae is an extinct family of early avialans known from the Early Cretaceous, found in northern China.

Description

Jinguofortisidae is distinguished from other non-ornithothoracine birds by the following features: the scapula and coracoid fused into a scapulocoracoid; a boomeranged-shaped furcula without a hypocleidium; proximal margin of humerus concave centrally; deltopectoral crest large and not perforated; minor metacarpal markedly bowed caudally; alular digit terminating at the level of the distal end of major metacarpal; and proximal phalanx of the major digit longer than the intermediate phalanx.[1]

Phylogeny

Wang et al. (2018) erected Jinguofortisidae after finding Chongmingia (previously considered Avebrevicauda incertae sedis by Wang et al. 2016) to be sister to their new taxon Jinguofortis.[1]

References

Wang, Min; Stidham, Thomas A.; Zhou, Zhonghe (2018). "A new clade of basal Early Cretaceous pygostylian birds and developmental plasticity of the avian shoulder girdle". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115 (42): 10708–10713. doi:10.1073/pnas.1812176115. PMC 6196491. PMID 30249638.

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[Wang_et_al_2018-1] Wang, Min; Stidham, Thomas A.; Zhou, Zhonghe (2018). "A new clade of basal Early Cretaceous pygostylian birds and developmental plasticity of the avian shoulder girdle". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115 (42): 10708–10713. doi:10.1073/pnas.1812176115. PMC 6196491. PMID 30249638.