Horniman Museum

The museum was founded in 1901 by Frederick John Horniman. Frederick had inherited his father's Horniman's Tea business, which by 1891 had become the world's biggest tea trading business.[4]

The cash from the business allowed Horniman to indulge his lifelong passion for collecting, and which after travelling extensively had some 30,000 items in his various collections, covering natural history, cultural artefacts and musical instruments.

In 1911, an additional building to the west of the main building, originally containing a lecture hall and library, was donated by Frederick Horniman's son Emslie Horniman. This was also designed by Townsend. A new extension, opened in 2002, was designed by Allies and Morrison.[5]

The Horniman specialises in anthropology, natural history and musical instruments[6] and has a collection of 350,000 objects. The ethnography and music collections have Designated status. One of its most famous exhibits is the large collection of stuffed animals. It also has an aquarium noted for its unique layout.

The bandstand overlooking the London skyline

The museum is set in 16 acres (65,000 m²) of gardens, which include the following features:

• A Grade II listed conservatory from 1894 which was moved from Hornimans' family house in Croydon to the present site in the 1980s.
• A bandstand from 1912
• An enclosure for small animals
• A Butterfly House
• A nature trail
• An ornamental garden
• Plants for materials, medicines, and foods and dyes
• A sound garden with large musical instruments for playing
• A new building, the Pavilion, for working on materials that are outside of the collections, such as from the gardens.

The gardens are also Grade II listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England.[9]

Mosaic

Humanity in the House of Circumstance

On the London Road wall of the main building is a neoclassical mosaic mural entitled Humanity in the House of Circumstance, designed by Robert Anning Bell and assembled by a group of young women over the course of 210 days. Composed of more than 117,000 individual tesserae, it measures 10 ft × 32 ft (3.0 m × 9.8 m) and symbolises personal aspirations and limitations.[10]

The three figures on the far left represent Art, Poetry and Music, standing by a doorway symbolising birth, while the armed figure represents Endurance. The two kneeling figures represent Love and Hope, while the central figure symbolises Humanity. Charity stands to the right bearing figs and wine, followed by white-haired Wisdom holding a staff, and a seated figure representing Meditation. Finally, a figure symbolising Resignation stands by the right-hand doorway, which represents death.[11]

Totem pole

The totem pole

A 20 ft (6.1 m) totem pole, carved from red cedar, stands outside the museum's main entrance. It was carved in 1985 as part of the American Arts Festival by Nathan Jackson, a Tlingit native Alaskan. The carvings on the pole depict figures from Alaskan legend of a girl who married a bear, with an eagle (Jackson's clan crest) at the top.[12] The pole is one of only a handful of totem poles in the United Kingdom, others being on display at the British Museum, the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, Windsor Great Park, Bushy Park, the Yorkshire Sculpture Park, the Pitt Rivers Museum at Oxford, and at Alsford's Wharf in Berkhamsted.[13] There is also a totem pole in the Royal Albert Memorial Museum in Exeter. It is displayed in their World Cultures galleries.

• 
  Museum main gallery
• 
  The CUE Building
• 
  The exterior of the conservatory
• 
  The interior of the conservatory
• 
  The bandstand from 1912
• 
  The bandstand viewed from below in July 2013
• 
  The Horniman totem pole
• 
  A preserved fruit bat showing how the skeleton fits inside its skin.
• 
  A preserved turtle skeleton showing how the carapace connects with the rest of the skeleton.
• 
  Canadian walrus
• 
  The Natural History Gallery with the overstuffed walrus replaced with a giraffe model in July 2013

• List of music museums

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Horniman Museum.

• Official website
• Forest Hill image gallery
• urban75 photo feature
• Review and Visitor Information for the Horniman Museum