Heonjong of Joseon
Heonjong of Joseon (8 September 1827 – 25 July 1849) was the 24th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. He was the grandson of Sunjo. His father was Crown Prince Hyomyeong (posthumously named Ikjong), who died at the age of 20 before becoming king and his mother was Queen Sinjeong of the Pungyang Jo clan. Heonjong was born three-years before Hyomyeong's death.
| Heonjong | |
|---|---|
 | |
| King of Choseon | |
| Reign | 1834–1849 |
| Predecessor | Sunjo of Joseon |
| Successor | Cheoljong of Joseon |
| Born | 8 September 1827 |
| Died | 25 July 1849 (aged 21) |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | Queen Hyohyeon Queen Hyojeong |
| House | House of Yi |
| Father | Munjo of Joseon |
| Mother | Queen Sinjeong |
| Heonjong of Joseon | |
| Hangul | 헌종 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 憲宗 |
| Revised Romanization | Heonjong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Hŏnjong |
| Pen name | |
| Hangul | 원헌 |
| Hanja | 元軒 |
| Revised Romanization | Wonheon |
| McCune–Reischauer | Wŏnhŏn |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 이환 |
| Hanja | 李烉 |
| Revised Romanization | I Hwan |
| McCune–Reischauer | I Hwan |
| Courtesy name | |
| Hangul | 문응 |
| Hanja | 文應 |
| Revised Romanization | Muneung |
| McCune–Reischauer | Munŭng |
Biography
Heonjong ascended to the throne in 1834 at the age of 7 after his grandfather, King Sunjo, died. Like King Sunjo, Heonjong took the throne at a young age and his grandmother, Queen Sunwon served as regent. Although King Heonjong ascended to the throne, he had no political control over Joseon. When Heonjong reached adulthood, Queen Sunwon refused to give up control. In 1840, the control over the kingdom was then handed down to the Andong Kims, the family of his grandmother Queen Sunwon, following the anti-Catholic Gihae persecution of 1839.
King Heonjong died after reigning for 15 years in 1849 at the age of 21. He was buried at the Gyeongneung tomb within the Donggureung Tomb Cluster in Seoul, where several kings and queens of the Joseon Dynasty were buried.[1] As King Heonjong died without an heir, the throne passed to a distant descendant of King Yeongjo, King Cheoljong.
As was customary with the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, the chronicle of Heonjong's reign was compiled after his death, in 1851. The compilation of the 16-volume chronicle was supervised by Jo In-yeong.
Family
- Father: King Munjo of Joseon (18 September 1809 – 25 June 1830) (조선 문조)
- Grandfather : King Sunjo of Joseon (29 July 1790 – 13 December 1834) (조선 순조)
- Grandmother : Queen Sunwon of the Andong Kim clan (8 June 1789 – 21 September 1857) (순원왕후 김씨)
- Mother: Queen Sinjeong of the Pungyang Jo clan (21 January 1809 – 4 June 1890) (신정왕후 조씨)
- Grandfather : Jo Man-Yeong (1776 – 1846) (조만영)
- Grandmother : Lady Song of the Eunjin Song clan (1776 – 1834) (은진 송씨)
- Consorts and their Respective Issue(s):
- Queen Hyohyeon of the Andong Kim clan (27 April 1828 – 18 October 1843) (효현왕후 김씨)[2][3]
- Queen Hyojeong of the Namyang Hong clan (6 March 1831 – 2 January 1904) (효정왕후 홍씨)[4]
- Royal Noble Consort Gyeong of the Gwangsan Kim clan (27 August 1832 – 21 April 1907) (경빈 김씨)
- Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Yun clan (정빈 윤씨)
- Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Gimhae Kim clan (January 1814 – 12 November 1895) (숙의 김씨)
- Unnamed daughter (옹주)
Full posthumous name
- King Heonjong Jangsuk Chegeon Gyegeuk Jungjeong Gwangdae Jiseong Gwangdeok Hongun Janghwa Gyungmun Wimu Myeongin Cheolhyo the Great of Korea
- 헌종장숙체건계극중정광대지성광덕홍운장화경문위무명인철효대왕
- 獻宗莊肅體健繼極中正光大至聖廣德弘運章化經文緯武明仁哲孝大王
Ancestry
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See also
- List of Rulers of Korea
- Joseon Dynasty
- History of Korea
- List of Korea-related topics
References
- "Donggureung Tombs, Gyeonggi, South Korea - 동구릉 (東九陵), 경기 구리시". Asian Historical Architecture. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
- Daughter of Kim Jo-geun (김조근)
- Posthumously known as "Hyohyeon, The Seong Empress" (효현성황후)
- Daughter of Hong Jae-ryong (홍재룡)
Heonjong of Joseon Born: 8 September 1827 Died: 25 July 1849 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sunjo |
King of Joseon 1834–1849 with Queen Sunwon (1834–1841) |
Succeeded by Cheoljong |
Authority control  |
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