Frere Hall

Frere Hall (Urdu: فریئر ہال‎) is a building in Karachi, Pakistan that dates from the early British colonial-era in Sindh. Completed in 1865, Frere Hall was originally intended to serve as Karachi's town hall,[1] and now serves as an exhibition space and library.

Frere Hall
فریئر ہال
Frere Hall, Karachi
General information
TypeBuilt originally as a town hall and library, currently used as an exhibition hall, event space, and library
LocationCivil Lines
Karachi
Pakistan
Coordinates24.8474°N 67.0329°E / 24.8474; 67.0329
Construction startedAugust 1863
Completed10 October 1865
Design and construction
ArchitectHenry Saint Clair Wilkins

Location

Frere Hall is located in central Karachi's colonial-era Saddar Town, in the Civil Lines neighbourhood that is home to several consulates.[2] The Hall is located between Abdullah Haroon Road (formerly Victoria Road) and Fatima Jinnah Road (formerly Bonus Road). It lies adjacent to the colonial-era Sind Club.

History

The building was intended to serve as Karachi's town hall, and was designed by Henry Saint Clair Wilkins,[1] after having been chosen from among 12 possible choices.[3]

The building's land was purchased at a cost of 2,000 British Indian rupees,[1] which had been donated by WP Andrew of the Scinde Railway, and Sir Frederick Arthur Bartholomew.[1] The total cost of the Hall was about 180,000 rupees, out of which the Government contributed 10,000 rupees, while the rest was paid for by Karachi municipality.[4]

Work commenced in August 1863, and completed in October 1865,[5] though work on the building had not been entirely completed by the time of its inauguration.[3]

The ceiling of Frere Hall features mural paintings by Sadequain

In 1877 at Frere Hall, the first attempt was made to form a consistent set of rules of badminton.[6] Following the death of Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere in 1884, the building was renamed in his honour.[7] Frere was a British administrator who was known for promoting economic development in Sindh, as well as for making the Sindhi Language the language of administration in Sindh, rather than the Persian language which had been favoured by the Mughals.

Following the independence of Pakistan, the hall's library was renamed as Liaquat National Library. The library is one of Karachi's largest, and houses a collection of more than 70,000 books, including rare and hand-written manuscripts.[8]

The hall's ceilings were decorated by the world-renowned Pakistani artist Sadequain in the 1980s, with one mural remaining incomplete after his death in 1987.[9] Several other works by Sadequain are found in the hall, and form what is known as the "Galerie Sadequain."

The hall was closed periodically between 2002 and 2011 due to numerous attempted terrorist attack on the nearby US consulate,[10] and was not reopened permanently until 2011 when the consulate was relocated to a site further away.[11] It is now directly administered by the Karachi Municipal Corporation, and hosts several festivals.[12]

Architecture
The exteriors feature Gothic-style quatrefoils above Venetian style arches.

Frere Hall was built in the Venetian-Gothic style that also blends elements of British architecture with local architectural elements. The building features multiple pointed arches, ribbed vaults, quatrefoils, and flying buttresses. Carving on the walls and beautifully articulated mosaic designs are visible on multiple walls and pillars.[13]

The building is built primarily out of local yellow-toned limestone, with stone details formed from white oolite stone quarried from the nearby town of Bholari.[3] Red and grey sandstone is also used in the building, which was quarried from the Sindhi town of Jungshahi.[3]

A tall octagonal tower is located in one of the building's corner that is crowned by an iron cage.[3] The roof of the hall is coated with Muntz metal.[3]

The Hall is surrounded by two lawns originally known as "Queen's Lawn" and "King's Lawn" which after independence were renamed as Bagh-e-Jinnah, or "Jinnah Gardens".

Exhibition space
Frere Hall is now used for festivals.

Frere Hall houses a number of stone busts, including that of King Edward VII, which was a gift from local Parsi philanthropist Seth Edulji Dinshaw.[4] Frere Hall also houses oil paintings by Sir Charles Pritchard, who was a former Commissioner of Sindh.

As of 2018, Frere Hall is still open for public and it is also one of the most important places for tourism not only because of the building's notable architecture, but also for its association with British rule in sub-continent.

  • Frere Hall is surrounded by gardens
  • Architectural details of Frere Hall
  • Frere Hall features Venetian-Gothic architectural elements
  • The hall's balconies feature Venetian-Gothic motifs
  • Staircases at the building are made of stone
  • Frere Hall at sunset.
  • Frere Hall Karachi.View from west side of Garden
  • Frere Hall, Karachi, 1860s

References
  1. Sir Bartle Frere (1870). The Speeches and Addresses of Sir H.B.E. Frere, G.C.S.I., K.C.B., D.C.L. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  2. "Frere Hall Bagh-e-Jinnah Karachi". whitengreen.com. Archived from the original on 2016-04-17. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
  3. "KARACHI: Frere Hall library in a state of disrepair". Dawn. 19 November 2003. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  4. J.W. Smyth, Gazetteer of the Province of Sind B Vol 1 Karachi District, Government Central Press, Bombay 1919. Reprinted by Pakistan Herald Publications (Pvt) Ltd, Karachi Pg 70
  5. Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Sátára. Government Central Press. 1885. p. 501. Retrieved 12 July 2017. frere hall.
  6. Downey, Jake (2003). Better Badminton for All. Pelham Books. p. 13. ISBN 0720702283.
  7. Shaikh, Sadeem (29 October 2015). "Frere Hall, a Hundred and Fifty Years Later". Youlin Magazine. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  8. "Heritage.....A marvellous piece of architecture". e.thenews.com.pk. Archived from the original on 2016-05-09. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
  9. "Sadequain's mural at Frere Hall lies ignored". Express Tribune. 1 July 2010. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  10. Shaikh, Sadeem (29 October 2015). "Frere Hall, a Hundred and Fifty Years Later". Youlin Magazine. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  11. "Car bomb at US consulate in Karachi". Mail Online. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
  12. "'Illegal' permission for yet another commercial activity at Frere Hall". The Express Tribune. 18 April 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  13. www.youlinmagazine.com, Youlin Magazine. "Architecture of Frere Hall Karachi". www.youlinmagazine.com. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
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